1、Unit 22 单元主题语篇训练.阅读理解AChina is set to join a growing number of countries that are taking strict measures on singleuse plastic items, with multiple bans expected to come into force gradually within the next six years.The new policy, announced Sunday, will first take effect in major cities, where many
2、 of the nonbiodegradable (非生物降解的) plastics found in the worlds oceans originally come.The distribution of plastic bags is supposed to stop in large Chinese cities by the end of the year, whereas smaller cities and rural areas have until 2022.Among other items are singleuse straws and many disposable
3、 (一次性的)items.The effort was described as a global “war on plastic”Between 1950 and 2015, plastic production has risen from 2 million tons annually to 381 million worldwide, which has seen a rise in policies to reduce dependence on plastics.Extremely strict steps have been taken in many places.Last A
4、ugust, the Pakistani government banned all singleuse plastic bags in the countrys capital region, home to some 1.5 million people.While environmental protection groups celebrated the move, industry representatives warned it would come at a huge financial cost. “They should first find new jobs for th
5、e plastic factory workers and then ban the bags，” 38yearold fruit seller Nazeer Abbasi told The Washington Post last year.Last spring, the European Parliament voted to ban many singleuse plastic items including plates, straws and cups by 2021.It also voted to increase recycling targets.Many EU.membe
6、r states already have built systems to encourage customers to return plastic bottle for recycling.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国将和许多国家一起采取严格的措施控制一次性塑料制品来减少对环境的污染。1What are the multiple bans targeted at?ARecyclable glass bottles.BReusable shopping bags.CDegradable plastic straws.DDisposable plastic plates.解析
7、：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“taking strict measures on singleuse plastic items”可知，一次性塑料板属于被禁物品。2How will China carry out the new policy?ABy banning plastics once for all.BBy taking measures step by step.CBy conducting it in big cities only.DBy performing it in small cities first.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段可知，中国将逐步采取措施
8、来执行新政策。3How does Nazeer Abbasi feel about the workers according to Paragraph 4?AWorried.BAnnoyed.CPuzzled. DDisappointed.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段后两句可知，他认为政府应该首先为塑料工厂的工人找到新工作，然后禁止购物袋的生产。因此Nazeer Abbasi很担心工人的生活。4Why does the author write this text?ATo explain the causes of plastic pollution.BTo offer tips abo
9、ut Chinese plastic production.CTo share his own ideas about plastic recycling.DTo introduce different bans on singleuse plastics.解析：选D写作意图题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述了“中国将加入越来越多的对一次性塑料制品采取严格措施的国家行列中”。接下来文章的第二、第四、第五段介绍了中国、巴基斯坦和欧洲的限塑措施。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍不同国家实施的对一次性塑料的禁令。BMany scientists are now exploring the idea of g
10、oing to live on Mars.Some other scientists from the NASA Ames Research Center have already started the creation of a “Mars town” and many others are in fact already experimenting with it. Of course, these experiments are done on Earth itself, but this “Mars town” has an environment practically like
11、that of Mars.The astronauts working in these towns wear their spacesuits and also do everything they will really have to carry out if they go to Mars in the future.But Mars would be like Earth, a temporary (临时的) place for humans. When the Sun starts swallowing up (吞没) the planets, Mars will disappea
12、r only hours after Earth. So Mars only seems to be the ideal place to spread the human beings. It will also be a good location to send humans if there is a disaster on Earth. By saying disaster, I mean asteroids (小行星) hitting and things like that.If we humans do not want to disappear when Earth or M
13、ars gets swallowed up, we will have to go and live beyond the solar system. But are there any planets outside the solar system prepared to support life? Astronomers answer is: If Earth can support life, why cant other planets do the same too? Astronomers have already discovered a Jupiter (木星)like pl
14、anet orbiting a Sunlike star, so why not an Earthlike planet orbiting a Sunlike star?To achieve this goal though, many other problems have to be taken into consideration. How do we transform (改造) a dusty planet like Mars into one more or less like our Earth? How should we go on it? There is still a
15、long way to go.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家们正在进行实验研究人类到火星上居住的想法，但火星也只会是人类的临时处所。要研究人类在太阳系以外的处所，还有许多问题有待解决。5The “Mars town” mentioned in the passage is _.Aa research base on MarsBan experimental lab built on EarthCa strange place on MarsDa town existing in scientists imagination解析：选B细节理解题。由文章首段第二、三句可知，the “Mars
16、Town”是在地球上建立的一个科学实验室，其环境极其类似于火星环境。6We can know from the passage that astronomers probably think _.Ait is impossible to transport humans to other planetsBthere may be an Earthlike planet outside the solar systemChumans will move to the newfound Jupiterlike planetDtheres no need for humans to move bey
17、ond the solar system解析：选B细节理解题。由文章第四段第二、三句可知，天文学家认为在太阳系以外的空间可能存在类似于地球的其他行星。7Why would Mars only be a temporary place for humans?AThe conditions there would be too hard for human beings.BThere would be more disasters like asteroids hitting.CIt would disappear when Earth disappears.DIt would be too ho
18、t to live on.解析：选C细节理解题。由文章第三段第一、二句可知，火星将会是人类临时的处所，其原因是当太阳开始吞噬行星时，它将会在地球被吞噬的几小时后被吞噬。.短文改错I used to be a person who hates exercising. But after I started playing baseball, I attracted by the sport. Therefore, I cut down on most of my spare time, like shopping. Though it wasnt the hard process for me,
19、 I needed to make more of an effort than others. I enjoy the feeling of work with my teammates as well as the time we spend it together. There is a proverb that goes, “The process is much beautiful than the outcome.”I am a beginner in this sport. Sometimes people will look down on me, and it doesnt
20、matter. It will only make me keep trying. Only with practising over and over again do I believe I can catch up with other fantastic player one day. The challenge encourages myself to go on.答案：第一句：hateshated第二句：attracted前加was第四句：thea第五句：workworking; 去掉it第六句：muchmore或much后加more第八句：andbut第十句：第一个withby;
21、 playerplayers第十一句：myselfme.书面表达假定你是李华，当前在伦敦的孔子学院(Confucius Institute)做志愿者。你的英国朋友Henry对孔子特别感兴趣，请你写封邮件邀请他参观孔子学院，要点如下：1简述孔子及中国文化在世界上的影响；2告知参观时间：11月6日(本周六)上午8点；3介绍参加活动：汉语班，剪纸，书法。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：剪纸papercutting；书法calligraphyDear Henry，Yours truly，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Henry，I am glad to know
22、 that you are keen on Confucius and Chinese culture. Confucius, whose ideas have a great impact on Chinese culture, is considered the greatest ancient educator. As an increasing number of foreigners want to learn Chinese culture, the Confucius Institutes are set up in many foreign countries.Since I
23、am a volunteer working in the Confucius Institute in London, Id like to invite you to visit it at 8：00 am. on Saturday, November 6.During our visit, we can attend some Chinese classes, which will be followed by some activities such as papercutting and Chinese calligraphy.I sincerely hope that you will accept this invitation. Looking forward to your reply.Yours truly，Li Hua