1、母题十四完形填空（记叙文）【母题来源】【2016全国新课标I】【母题原题】【2016全国新课标I】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was _41_along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he s
2、aw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put o
3、ut.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived,
4、 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him
5、 and the other man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the womans life.41. A. walking B. touring Ctraveling Drushing42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers43. A. Since B. Although C. As
6、 D. If44. A. each B. another C. that D. his45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed50.
7、A. then B. again C. finally D. even51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm53. A. for B. so C. and D. but54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. se
8、t out57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise【答案】41-45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DBDAC 56-60 BBDAC42.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。passengers 乘客；colleagues同事； employers雇
9、主；customers顾客；根据首句Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc可知他是送货司机，由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。故选D。43.C考查连词辨析及语境理解。Since自从，由于；Although 尽管； As “当时候；If如果；根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。故选C。44.B考查代词辨析及语境理解。Each 每个；another 另一个； that 那个； his他的；根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on,可知当时有一辆亮着大灯的车，由此判断他又发
10、现一辆损毁的汽车。45.A考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知当时汽车是着火了。Flame火苗；smoke烟；water水；steam蒸汽。故选A。46.B考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中a womens voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled 残废的； removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。47.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车去灭火。Get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；
11、control控制。故选A。48.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据and told Larry he had _48_ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。Come down下来；come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。故选D。51.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断当时Larry离汽车远，所以他是走近了之后才看到车内的那位女士。Start the car发动汽车；park a car 停放汽车；pass a car路过汽车；approach a car 走近汽车。故选D。52.B考
12、查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。Quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的；故选 B。53.D考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。for 因为；. So所以；and 并且； but但是。故选D。54.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。Explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎；故选A 。55.C考查短语和介词辨析及语境理
13、解。根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。As if仿佛；unless 除非； in case 以免； after在之后。故选C。56.B考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。Stepped forward 迈步向前；backed off退后； moved on 继续前行；set out出发；根据句意选B。57.B考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据上文Once fire and emergency people arrived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。woman 妇女；police 警察；man 男人； driver司机；故选B。
14、58.D考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否可以离去。Forbidden被禁止的；ready有准备的； asked 被问到的； free自由的。Be free to do sth 自由地做某事。故选D。考点：考查故事类短文阅读【方法点拨】解答完形填空的三大策略词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。1. 词语同现。词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。比如They told her to stay 52 unt
15、il the emergency personnel arrived。52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm根据后文中she should not move，可以判断选B。2. 词语复现。词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词(如wrong, not correct)、上义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。比如： One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out。45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam根据后句中the fire
16、 was put out.判断选A。3. 逻辑推理。在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因为完形填空考查的是一种综合能力，不但是对词汇的考查，而且对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查的重点。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。【命题意图】完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点，以篇章理解为基础，考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。【考试方向】 这类试题在考查题型上，通常基本以记叙文和夹叙夹议类文章为主，文章词数250-300之间，有时兼顾说明文和议论文。【得分要点】1完形填空技法之首句理解首句
17、是了解文章全貌的窗口。一般来说，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W(when，where，who，what)，说明文类的文章的首句会解释要说明的对象，议论文类的文章的首句会提出一个论点。首句往往是整篇文章的统领句，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图。而且每段的首句通常有承上启下的作用，是文章发展过程中的重要线索。细读首句可以判断文章体裁，预测文章大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向，对理解全文起着至关重要的作用。所以在仔细阅读了首句后，应快速阅读全文，确定文章的体裁、主旨和结构。2完形填空技法之行文逻辑完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意
18、思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while
19、等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once， provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，n
20、ext, finally等)。3完形填空技法之词汇复现词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。4完形填空技法之搭配习惯英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利
21、用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。【母题1】【来源】2016届山东临沂高三下学期教学质量检测（一模）英语试卷（带解析）完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I was coming back from home late at night in aSharingmini van(厢式货车)In Hydera- bad，
22、India，it is a cheap and quick form of The van driver picked up as many as 13 people at times in a vehicle which isfor the transport of 8So our van was very Making her way to thef the van，a school girl with a bag the driver to stopWhile getting down，she slipped and fellNone of us it，as it was dark ou
23、tsideThe driver was for her to payIt was then that we saw that the girl was on her by the side of the roadAnother passenger and l got down and held her upEven in ，she held up a note and asked us to pay the driverThe other passenger took the note and paid the driverMy was a few hundred meters awayAs
24、a girl， I knew Id get off and stay with her in theSo I paid up the driver for and he drove away with the other passengersI neither her nor did I know what to doBut I was there，giving somewords to another girl in pain. I asked her to standfor a few whileI then looked for a place for her to sitThen I
25、58 her friend and waited thereShe was rushed to a nearby clinic laterBefore leaving，she thanked me forand we hugged goodbyeThe night breezes were blowing upon my cheek as I walked home，with a feeling of relief61A1ife Btransport Cactivity Dcommunication62Adesigned Bbought Corganized Dpowered63 Aheavy
26、 Bnoisy Ccrowded Dawkward64Adriver Bwindow Cdoor Dseat65Aguided Bsuggested Cadmitted Dsignaled66Anoticed Bmanaged Crecognized Dstood67Acaring Breaching Cwaiting Dplanning68Aback Bknees Cfeet Down69Aimmediately Bdoubtfully Cnaturally Danxiously70Asilence Bsurprise Cvain Dpain71Apatient Bhelpful Cgene
27、rous Dsecret72Ahome Bstop Ccar Dschool73Adark Brain Cwind Dvan74Ahimself Bherself Cmyself Ditself75Aignored Bpersuaded Cpromised Dknew76Aanxious Bsorrow Ccomforting Dsatisfying77Aup Bstraight Cstill Dout78Afound Bphoned Cbrought Dsaw79Acompany Bsupport Cbravery Dconvenience80Ahard Bhappily Cwillingl
28、y Dgently【答案】61B62A63C64C65D66A67C68B69A70D71B72B73A74C75D76C77C78B79A80D63C考查形容词。Aheavy沉重的；Bnoisy喧闹的；Ccrowded拥挤的；Dawkward尴尬的。根据上句本来装8个人的车装13个人，所以车内很拥挤，故选C.64C考查名词。Adriver司机；Bwindow窗户；Cdoor门；Dseat座位。因为小女孩要下车所以她往门边走，故选C.65D考查动词。Aguided指导；Bsuggested建议；Cadmitted承认；Dsignaled发信号。此处指小女孩用书包发信号示意司机停车，故选D.66
29、A考查动词。Anoticed注意到；Bmanaged管理；Crecognized 认识到；Dstood站立。指小女孩下车后滑倒了，由于外面很黑我们谁都没注意到，故选A.67C考查动词。Acaring关心；Breaching 到达；Cwaiting等待；Dplanning计划。句意：司机等着女孩付车费，故选C.68B考查名词。Aback后背；Bknees膝盖；Cfeet脚；Down自己的。这时我们发现女孩摔倒在路边，由于是下车时摔倒应该是膝盖着地跪在地上，故选B.69A考查副词。Aimmediately立刻；Bdoubtfully怀疑地；Cnaturally自然地；Danxiously焦虑地。此
30、处指看到女孩摔倒，我和另一名乘客立刻下车去扶她。故选A.70D考查名词。Asilence寂静；Bsurprise惊奇；Cvain徒劳；Dpain疼痛。句意：虽然很疼，但女孩拿着钱付车费让我们帮忙给司机，故选D.71B考查形容词。Apatient耐心的；Bhelpful有帮助的；Cgenerous慷慨的；Dsecret秘密的。此处指另一个帮助女孩的乘客把车票钱给了司机，故选B.72B考查名词。Ahome家；Bstop车站；Ccar汽车；Dschool学校。我下车的车站还有几百米，故选B.73A考查名词。Adark黑暗；Brain雨；Cwind风；Dvan厢式货车。句意：作为女孩，我知道我应该此时
31、下车在黑暗中去陪伴女孩。故选A.74C考查代词。Ahimself他自己；Bherself 她自己；Cmyself我自己；Ditself它自己。句意：我就付了我的车费，司机拉着其他乘客开走了，故选C.75D考查动词。Aignored忽视；Bpersuaded说服；Cpromised 答应；Dknew知道。句意：我既不认识她也不知道该干什么。根据句意选D.76C考查形容词。Aanxious焦虑的；Bsorrow悲伤；Ccomforting安慰的；Dsatisfying令人满意的。句意：但我在那里，给另外一个疼痛的女孩一些安慰的话。根据句意选C.77C考查形容词。Aup向上的；Bstraight笔直
32、的；Cstill静止的；Dout外面的。我让女孩静止的站了一会，然后给她找了个地方让她坐下。故选C.考点：考查故事类短文阅读。【母题2】【来源】2016高考大联考（四）【新课标卷】完形填空阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Rescue in the RapidsOn a breezy Saturday in April 2014, former police officer Kevin OConnor and his son, Ryan, were standing in a park near the Fox
33、 River in Geneva, Illinois. Kevin gazed (注视) at the river, he several people on the bank moving toward the water. When he in that direction, he noticed a bright red kayak (皮舟) swirling (打旋) in the water at the base of the Geneva Dam, 300 feet away.Kevin assumed the had jumped out of the boat. “Then
34、I heard alarms,” says Kevin, now 42. “Thats I realized somebody was in trouble.”He couldnt see anyone in the river, he sped toward the bank and splashed into the freezing water. About 150 feet from shore, he spotted a(n) downriver. “I thought was a life jacket,” he says. “When I caught up to it, I r
35、ealized it was to a person.”Now in water up to his , Kevin grabbed the man, who was floating on his back , and held his head above the surface. Kevin the mans chest again and again. After five hits, the man coughed up water and began murmuring. Battling the current, Kevin made his way the shore, rep
36、eatedly digging his shoes into the rivers rocky bottom. When he reached the bank, someone jumped into the river and Kevin lift the 200-pound kayaker over a six-foot brick wall to waiting medical rescuers, who took him away in an ambulance. The man , but a friend who was kayaking with him died after
37、being trapped underwater near the dam.Kevin pulled up to sit on the shore beside Ryan, who had followed his fathers path down the river. “When I caught my breath, I realized I saved someones ,” Kevin says.In December 2015, Kevin received a(n) from the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission.41A. Although B. A
38、s C. If D. Unless42 A. caught sight of B. get rid of C. take care of D. lose control of43 A. looked B. saw C. ran D. drove44 A. slow B. smooth C. calm D. rapid45 A. driver B. rescuer C. leader D. kayaker46A. why B. what C. when D. how47 A. for B. and C. but D. or48 A. fish B. woman C. truck D. objec
39、t49A. it B. one C. them D. ones50 A. adapted B. attached C. accustomed D. abandoned51A. hand B. neck C. leg D. arm52 A. aware B. unconscious C. conscious D. fortunate53 A. flowed B. rowed C. flew D. struck54A. onto B. in C. toward D. above55A. made B. had C. let D. helped56 A. suddenly B. fortunatel
40、y C. hurriedly D. slowly57 A. recovered B. died C. hurt D. escaped58 A. itself B. himself C. herself D. yourself59 A. life B. treasure C. jewelry D. child60 A. camera B. reward C. award D. magazine【答案】41A 42A43D44D45C46C 47D48A 49B50B 51B 52D 53C 54D55C56A 57B58A59C41B 考查连词的用法。although虽然，尽管；as当的时候，随
41、着，因为；if如果；unless如果不，除非。此空后面说凯文凝视着河里，所以句意应该是“当凯文凝视着河里的时候”，故答案选B。42A 考查动词短语的用法。caught sight of看见；get rid of除掉；take care of照顾，照料；lose control of失去对的控制。上文说“当凯文凝视着河里的时候”，所以应该是他“看见了”几个人从岸边向水里移动，故答案选A。43A 考查动词词义辨析。look看；see看见；run跑；drive开车，驱赶。从后面的句子“他注意到”可知，此处他是往那个方向看，故答案选A。44D 考查形容词词义辨析。slow慢的；smooth光滑的；ca
42、lm平静的；rapid湍急的。因为皮舟在打旋，所以此处水只能是“湍急的”，故答案选D。45D 考查名词词义辨析。driver司机；rescuer救援者；leader领导；kayaker皮艇爱好者。从55空后面的kayaker可知，此空应该填划皮艇的人，所以答案选D。46C 考查连接代词的用法。why为什么；what什么；when什么时候；how如何，怎么。前一句说“接着我听到了警报声”，本句应该是“那就是我意识到有人遇上麻烦了的时候”，故选C。47C 考查并列连词的用法。for为了；and和，并且；but但是；or或者。此处表示“虽然他看不见河里有人，但是他加速冲进了冰冷的水里”，所以答案选C
43、。48D 考查名词词义辨析。fish鱼；woman妇女；truck卡车；object物体。在距河岸大约一百五十英尺的地方，他看到了一个“物体”，因为下文中说到救生衣，所以不可能是其他三个选项，故选D。49A 考查代词词义辨析。it它；one一个；them他们；ones一些。这里it指代上文看到的东西，所以选A。52B 考查形容词辨析。aware明白的，清楚的；unconscious无意识的；conscious意识的；fortunate幸运的。“凯文抓住了那个人，他仰面漂浮着没有意识了”。故答案选B。53D 考查动词词义辨析。flow流动；row划(船)；fly飞；strike猛击。根据急救常识
44、可知，这里应是“凯文反复击打那个人的胸部”，故答案选D。54C 考查介词辨析。onto在上；in在里；toward朝，向；above在上面。“在水流中奋力挣扎，凯文朝岸边行进”，所以答案选C。55D 考查动词词义辨析。make使得；have让；使；let让；help帮助。这时有人跳进河里帮助凯文把落水者拉上岸。所以答案选D。56C 考查副词词义辨析。Suddenly突然地；fortunately幸运地；hurriedly急忙地，匆忙地；slowly缓慢地。前面提到waiting medical rescuers，这里“等待着的医务人员”只能是“快速地”将溺水者送上救护车，故答案选C。57A 考查动词词义辨析。recover恢复，康复；die死亡；hurt受伤；escape逃跑。这个人康复了，但是和他一起划皮艇的朋友被困在大坝附近的水里淹死了，所以答案选A。