1、Part 单元语法关系副词引导的定语从句和词语后缀学习目标1.关系副词引导的定语从句2.英语词汇中的后缀一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。上述三个关系副词很多情况下都可以用介词关系代词来替换。wherein/at/towhich; whenin/on/atwhich; whyforwhich。合作探究阅读下列句子，体会定语从句的用法But it was also a time when there were many great phi
2、losophers.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.Do you know the reason why he has been late?自主发现句中黑体部分的引导词是关系副词，分别在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语。1when引导的定语从句合作探究体会when引导的定语从句的用法I still remember the day when we met for the first time.我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。It was an exciting moment f
3、or the Spanish fans, when for the first time their team won the World Cup.对于西班牙球迷来说，那是一个激动人心的时刻，因为在那一刻，他们的球队第一次赢得了世界杯。自主发现先行词是指时间的名词，如：time, day, year, month, moment, week, hour, minute等，when在从句中作时间状语。即学即练1单句语法填空I can never forget the day _ I first saw you.He came at the time _ we needed him most.Il
4、l never forget the days _ we spent together.Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life _ they arent satisfied with their parents.We live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.2Where引导的定语从句合作探究体会where引导的定语从句的用法After living in Paris for fifty ye
5、ars he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.她在母亲曾经学习过的大学执教。自主发现先行词是指地点的名词，如：place, factory, farm, station, town, meetingroom等，where在从句中作地点状语。合作探究体会where引导的定语从句的用法Today well discuss a number of
6、cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(先行词是cases)今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的例子。He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use. (先行词是job)他想找一份能将他的技能派上用场的工作。自主发现当先行词表示抽象的地点或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于地点状语的作用时，定语从句用where引导。即学即练2单句语法填空The accident has reached to the point
7、_ both their parents are to be called in.You would get into a situation _ you have to decide immediately.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _ we watched some people play volleyball.Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.3why引导的定
8、语从句合作探究体会why引导的定语从句的用法We didnt know the reason why he refused our help.我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。The mother cant accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from school.这位母亲不能接受儿子为没上学给出的理由。自主发现先行词是reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状语，用why；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which。即学即练3单句语法填空Unsuccessful people c
9、an always find reasons _ theyre not doing well.I dont believe the reason _ he gave me for his being late.That was the reason _ he gave for his absence.Do you know the reason _ he didnt attend the meeting yesterday?二、后缀当我们的单词积累到一定词汇量的时候，通过前缀后缀的对比可以帮助我们理解记忆这些单词，比如通过构词法产生的新单词可以帮助背诵基本的单词，从而避免一些记了新单词而忘记老
10、单词的情况。有些英语单词由三部分组成，即：前缀、词根及后缀。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀，位于词根后面的部分就是后缀。如：unacceptable中un是前缀，accept是词根，able是后缀。后缀词是指在一个词根的后面附加一个或几个字母构成的一个新词。如：snowy中y就是后缀。通常，后缀改变单词的词性，不改变词根的含义。合作探究体会后缀的用法reader 读者inventor 发明家Chinese 中国人Indian 印度人artist 艺术家kindness 和蔼operation 手术自主发现这些单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的后缀，如er, or, ese, ian等。常见的后缀
11、见下表：分类举例名词后缀er/or(从事的人)，ese(某地人)，ess(雌性)，ian(的人)，ist(专业人员)，ism(主义)，ment(性质；状态)，ness(性质)，tion/ation(动作；过程)，dom(状态；区域)动词后缀en(多用于形容词之后)，fy(使化)，ize(使成为)形容词后缀al，able，an，ble，ern，ful，ive，less，like，ly，y，ous，some副词后缀ly(用于形容词后表示方式或程度)，ward(s)(表示方向)数词后缀teen，th，ty即学即练41画出下列单词的名词后缀teacher教师Japanese日本人musician音乐家
12、artist艺术家2画出下列单词的动词后缀widen加宽beautify美化3画出下列单词的形容词后缀American美国的careful细心的active有活力的4画出下列单词的副词后缀quickly迅速地angrily生气地5画出下列单词的数词后缀thirteen十三fourth第四.用适当的关系副词填空1Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.2The village _ I was born has grown into a town
13、.3The reason _ he resigned is known to us.4We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.5The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.6As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _
14、he should be able to be independent.完成句子1这就是他必须道歉的原因。That is the reason _2首先，我会有一个温暖的家庭，在那里，成员们会彼此相爱，互相关心。First of all, I will have a warm family _ and care about each other.3我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习压力太大。I think the reason _ may be the high pressure of study.4这就是他的祖父曾经住过的房子。This is the house _5你记得你加入我们俱乐部的那
15、天吗？Do you remember the day _？.给下面单词加上适当的后缀1nation_ adj. 民族的2reason_ adj. 合理的3north_ adv. 朝北4up_ adv. 向上5move_ n. 运动6dark_ n. 黑暗7inven_ n. 发明8real_ v. 意识到.单句语法填空1As _ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days
16、.2She is determined to carry on with her _ (educate).3However, be _ (care) not to go to extremes.4Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top _ (attract).5He is the only _ (survive) of this earthquake.6It is _ (ce
17、rtain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.Part 单元语法关系副词引导的定语从句和词语后缀核心突破要点讲解即学即练1whenwhenthat/whichwhenwhen即学即练2wherewherewherewhere即学即练3whythat/whichthat/whichwhy即学即练41.ereseianist2enfy3anfulive4lyly5teenth夯实基础一遍落实.1where2.where3.why4.when5.where6.when.1why he must apologise2.where the members will love each other3.why you are always angry4.where his grandfather once lived5.when you joined our club.1al2.able3.ward4.ward(s)5.ment6.ness7.tion8ize.1natural2.education3.careful4.attraction5.survivor6.certainly
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