1、高 考 总 复 习 艺考生英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity 基础必备 选修八 Units 15阅读单词1.strait n 海峡 2Arctic adj.北极的 3ministry n.部；牧师 4federal adj.联邦制的 5aircraft n.飞行器；航空器；飞机 6.pole n 地极；电极 7tram n.(有轨)电车 8bakery n.面包房 9seagull n.海鸥 10insert vt.插入；嵌入 11angle n.角；角度 12percent n.百分比；百分率 写作单词1.rail n 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条2 hardship
2、n.苦难；困苦3 occur vi.发生；出现4 luggage n.行李(美baggage)5 thankful adj.感激的；感谢的6 boom n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期7 shave v.刮；剃8 civil adj.公民的；国内的；民间的9 hire vt.&n.租用；雇用10 grasp vt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会11 thoughtful adj.关切的；体贴的；深思的12 reform v.改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良13 despite prep.尽管；不管14 nowhere adv.无处；到处都无15 brake n.闸；刹车；制动器
3、v.刹(车)；用制动器减速16 nephew n.侄子；外甥17 fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的18 justice n.正义；公平19 mourn vt.&vi.哀悼；怀念20 authority n.权威；权力；当局；官方语境活用1In the winter break I went nowhere (无处)，just stayed at home.2I am not certain I have grasped (领会)what you meant.3Sometimes he hires(雇用)two or three labourers to help his har
4、vest.4A strong man will bear hardship (困苦)without complaining.5 Reforming (改革)the education system will be a difficult procedure.6It just occurred (想起；发生)to me that if we wanted to go to the seashore for our vacation，we had better make reservations in advance.7Whenever it is，we should keep a thankfu
5、l(感激的)heart towards everything existed.8 Despite (尽管)his frequent absence，Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.拓展单词1.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的 distinction n差别；区分；卓著2immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)immigrant n(从外国移入的)移民immigration n移民；移居入境3means n方法；手段mean v意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的 meaning n意思4majority n大多数；大半ma
6、jor adj.主要的 vi.主修 n专业 minority n少数5elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人 election n选举6racial adj.人种的；种族的 race n种族；竞争7crossing n横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道 cross n十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v.使交叉；横过 across prep.在的对面(过)8applicant n申请人 apply vi.申请 application n申请书；申请9customs n海关；关税；进口税 customer n顾客10socialist n社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的 socie
7、ty n社会social adj.社会的 socialism n社会主义11indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示 indication n迹象；标示 indicator n指示器；指示信号12apparent adj.显而易见；显然的；表面上的 apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地13conductor n(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥 conduct v管理14slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n滑动；滑倒 slippery adj.滑的15punishment n惩罚；处罚 punish vt.惩罚；处罚语境活用1He was one of the 30 app
8、licants (apply)for the managers job.2Could you give me some indication (indicate)as to when I am likely to receive a reply?3Many people think that the death penalty is too severe a punishment (punish)for any crime.4The government should do more to promote racial(race)equality.5With the election (ele
9、ct)of a new leader，the country became relatively stable.6You must give way to any pedestrians on the crossing(cross)7The majority (major)of children in our class have brown eyes；only three have blue eyes.8Be careful！The road is slippery (slip)because of the snow.9 Apparently (apparent)，he wasnt sati
10、sfied with the result.10She works as a conductor on a bus.第一组短语识记1.take in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解2 apply for 申请；请示得到3 mark out 用线画出范围；标出界线4 back to back 背靠背5 team up with 与合作或一起工作6 the majority of 大多数语境活用1.I would like to apply for admission to the English Club of our school.2If you team up with your classmate
11、s，you will surely get the same work done far better.3These teenagers dont know much of the world yet；thats why they are so easily taken in.4While you are reading an article，youd better mark out the key words and topic sentences.第一组短语识记1.keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)2 live on 继续存在；继续生存3 make a life 习惯于新的生
12、活方式、工作等4 by means of 用办法；借助5 occur to sb.某人突然想到6 a great/good many 许多；很多语境活用In the history，the Chinese immigration into California dates back to the 1850s.1.A great/good many Chinese went to California 2.bymeans of ship for money or jobs.After their arrival，they had to 3.make a life there，for which
13、some people suffered a lot，and others 4.kept up their Chinese customs to 5.live on.填写课本佳句1.However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，可能至少在 15 000 年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。2 That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or
14、 second language.那就是今天有超过 40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。3 It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文
15、化的混合体。1means n手段；方法教材原句 Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的陆上桥梁穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。(1)by this means 通过这种方法(2)by means of 用办法；借助(3)by all means 一定；务必；好的，当然可以(4)by no
16、 means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)Nowadays，Mobike has become an important means of transport in many cities.Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.By no means was (be)he satisfied with the job and he asked us to finish it by all means.means 用法探究means 用 作“方 式；方 法”时 单 复 数 同 形。若all/so
17、me/several/many means 作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。2occur vi.发生；出现经典例句 It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.我突然想起他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。(1)Sth.occur(s)to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that.某人突然想起It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想起做某事(
18、2)occurrence n.发生It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit，to take a moment to see whats around them.(2018北京卷)But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurence(occur)of anger.It occurred to him that he had left his keys in his office.3elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人 教材原 句 By the time Cali
19、fornia elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.到 1850 年加利福尼亚成为美国第 31 个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。(1)elect sb.(as/to be)职位be elected职位(职位前无冠词)elect to do.选择或决定(2)election n选举She was elected as new Prime Minister last year.If I am lucky eno
20、ugh to win the election(elect)，the first thing I will do is to enrich our students after-class activities.It is said that only two students will be elected to take(take)part in the coming English contest.4majority n大多数；大半单句语法填空A majority of Africans are (be)forced to work for the Europeans.The major
21、ity of the land has been destroyed (destroy)so far.I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college.(1)a/the majority of.大多数in the/a majority 占多数(2)major n&v.主修；专业major in 主修；以为专业(3)minority n.少数in the/a minority 占少数 the majori
22、ty of 后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。5hire n.&vt.租用；雇用单句语法填空There are many bicycles on hire in this area.There are three small boats available for hire.David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didnt need it himself.(1)on hire 出租for hir
23、e 可供出租(2)hire sth.out(to sb.)把租出去(给某人)6take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留介、副词填空The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at
24、the end of next month.The boy likes taking apart his toys，but often cant put together.The plane is taking off.Please wear your safe belt.take apart 拆开；剖析take up 从事；继续；拿起；占据take over 接管take off 起飞；脱下；离开take on 承担；呈现That_is_why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
25、那就是今天有超过 40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。This/That is why.为表语从句的常用句型结构，意为“这/那就是的原因”，用来表示原因。(1)Thats why.那就是为什么(why 从句表示结果)(2)Thats because.那是因为(because 从句表示原因)(3)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是(表语从句常用 that 引导，而不用 because)完成句子 Not everyone acts the same in response to events，and thatswhy what triggers(触怒
26、)one person may or may not triggers another.并不是每个人对事件的反应是一样的，那就是为什么触怒一个人的事件可能或不可能触怒另一个人。From space，the earth looks blue.Thats because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.他取得那
27、么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。.课文里的高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California，no one really knows.However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.Scientists believe that these settlers crossed
28、(cross)the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.In the 16th century，after the arrival(arrive)of the Europeans，the native people suffered greatly(great)Thousands were killed or forced into slavery.In addition，many died from the diseases b
29、rought by the Europeans.However，some survived these terrible times，and today there are more Native Americans living (live)in California than in any other state.In the 18th century California was ruled (rule)by Spain.Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century，when they
30、fought against the native people and took their(they)land.Two centuries later，the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were (be)religious men，whose ministry was to
31、teach the Catholic religion to the natives.话题写作星光中学(Xingguang High School)近期举行了一次游览公园的活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：1时间和地点：星期天，公园；2活动方式：大部分同学骑车游览；3活动过程：动身前，我们突然想到要带着行李和指示路线的地图；在路上我们相互合作；显而易见，很多同学对公园的景色着迷；4你对于这次活动的评论。注意：1尽量多地使用本单元的知识点；2可适当增加细节；3请根据以上要点写一篇 80 词左右的短文。范文The majority of the students
32、visited the park by means of cycling this Sunday.It occurred to us that we should carry our luggage and the map indicating the route to the park.On the way to the park，we teamed up with each other.It was apparent that a great many students were fascinated by the scenery of the park.Thankfully，not on
33、ly did it make us relaxed，but it also promoted the friendship among us.What a wonderful time！第 36 讲 文章衔接语(一)衔接与过渡性词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句与句之间，段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。高中阶段应该掌握的连接(过渡)性词语归纳如下：一、表示起始关系的过渡性词语above all,to begin/start with,today,now,nowadays,at present,currently,recently,generall
34、y speaking,according to,with the development of.等Recently,the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement that students should be given labor education while at school,which arouses a heated debate.近来，教育部要求上学期间加强学生劳动教育，这引起了激烈的讨论。To start with,I have been learning and speaking Mandarin for about 1
35、7 years.首先，我学说普通话已经 17 年了。补充句子1现在，我想与你们分享一下我的经验。(湖南卷，满分作文)Now，Id like to share my experience with you.2总的来说，你练习越多，用英语写作就越熟练。Generally speaking，the more you practise，the more skillfully you can write in English.二、表示时间顺序的过渡性词语firstly,first of all,to begin/start with,then,later,in the end,finally,at la
36、st,after that,afterwards,since then,immediately,suddenly,meanwhile 等。Firstly,I have always been interested in reading books.Secondly,Id like to share my books with others as well.首先，我一直对读书感兴趣；其次，我也喜欢与别人分享我的书籍。Second,go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effecti
37、ve way to get rid of anger.第二，到户外和朋友一起做团队游戏，因为身体锻炼是一种有效的排解怒气的方式。首先，我把所有的书籍、报纸和其他的散落在屋子里的东西收集起来放好，然后我扫去所有家具上的灰尘，之后我扫地、拖地。Firstly，I collected all the books,newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture.After that，I swept and mopped the floors.