1、2016浙江高考英语二轮说理议论阅读理解（2）解析答案说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2013新课标全国,A)改编Doctors are known to be terrible pilots.They dont listen because they already know it all.I was lucky:I became a pilot in 1970,almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didnt realize then,but becoming a pilot makes me a better sur
2、geon.I loved flying.As I flew bigger,faster planes,and in worse weather,I learned about crew resource management(机组资源管理),or CRM,a new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result,regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long afte
3、r that,an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot.He was so busy because of the bad turn,he had forgotten to put the landing gear(起落架) down.He was a better pilotand my bossso it
4、 felt unusual to speak up.But I had to: Our lives were in danger.I put aside my uneasiness and said,“We need to put the landing gear down now!”That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM,and Ive used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to sp
5、eak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite,the doctor doesnt overreact,which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So when Im in the operating room,I ask for ideas and help from others.Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up.But I hope that if I continue
6、to encourage them ,someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”.1.What does the author say about doctors in general?()A.They like flying by themselves.B.They are unwilling to take advice.C.They pretend to be good pilots.D.They are quick learners of CRM.2.The author deepened his understanding
7、of the power of CRM when .A.he saved the plane by speaking upB.he was in charge of a flying taskC.his boss landed the plane too lateD.his boss operated on a patient3.In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means .A.following flying requirements.B.overreacting to different opinions.C.listeni
8、ng to what fellow doctors sayD.making a mistake that may cost lives4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?()A.CRM:A New Way to Make Flying SafeB.Flying Makes Me a Better DoctorC.The Making of a Good PilotD.A Pilot-Turned Doctor语篇解读:本文为议论文。作者通过自己的经历论证了倾听别人建议的重要性。答案及剖析:1.B事实细节题。由第
9、一段第二句可知,医生往往不喜欢听建议,因为他们了解情况,故选B项。2.A事实细节题。由第二段最后两句可知,作者大胆提醒飞行员(主治医师)放下起落架,第一次感到了大胆说出来的力量,且从此以后在手术室也这样做。3.D猜测词义题。根据第二段作者大声地提醒飞行员“将起落架升起来”从而使大家脱离危险及文章最后一句话可知,此处“landing gear up”借指所犯的可能会以生命为代价的错误。4.B主旨大意题。作者将自己从飞行员职业经历中所获取的经验运用到行医生涯中,使自己善于倾听别人的建议,从而使自己成为了一名优秀的医生。B项符合题意。【疑难词汇解读】 1.speak up 说话,明确表态There
10、was a brief silence,then he spoke up.一阵短暂的沉默之后,他开始发表意见了。2.voice vt.表示;表达A number of parents have voiced concern about their childrens safety.许多家长对他们子女的安全表示了担心。【长难句子分析】 ,但是我希望如果我继续鼓励他们,总有一天会有人阻止我犯“将起落架升起”这样的错误。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省济南市高三巩固性训练】More men are finding their call
11、ing as nurses.A new study from the United States Census Bureau reports the number of male nurses has doubled since the 1970s.Back then，about 2.7 percent of registered nurses were men.The new study，which tracked data through 2011，finds that men now make up 9.6 percent of all employed nurses in the Un
12、ited Statesabout 330,000 men in total.Recent years of shortages have led to increased efforts，according to the report，which included recruiting men into the field.Men，in fact，had been largely kept out of nursing in past decades because nursing schools often refused to admit men.The Supreme Court rul
13、ed that practice unconstitutional in 1981 after a case involving a state nursing school.“The relatively high wages and expanding job opportunities make this field attractive，offering stability even during recessions (经济衰退)，” wrote the reports author，Liana Christin Landivar of the US Census Bureau.“A
14、nd because of high demand，nursing has low unemployment rates compared to other fields.”Men were found to be more likely to become nurse anesthetists (麻醉师)，which is the highest paid nursing occupation，and were found least likely to become licensed practical or licensed vocational nurses，the lowest pa
15、id types of nursing.Nurse anesthetists are required to get graduate education，and are certified to give anesthetists and monitor patients recovering from anesthesia.Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses provide patients with care and may work under the supervision (监督) of a registered nu
16、rse.Registered nurses assess patients health problems and needs，develop and carry out nursing care plans，maintain medical records，and administer care.For all types of nursing，men earned，on average，$60,700 per year，while women earned $51,100 per year.“Even among men and women in the same nursing occu
17、pations，men outearn women，” wrote Landivar.1Which of the following is true about nurses in the US in the 1970s?AThe number of male nurses doubled.BAbout 2.7% of registered nurses were men.CThere were about 330,000 male nurses.DAbout 9.6% of employed nurses were men.2The underlined word “recruiting”
18、in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”Ahelping people to get used toBordering people to learnCasking people to join inDinspiring people to devote3Why are more men willing to become nurses in the US?AThe economy is in bad condition.BMore people are out of employment.CIt is promising to go to nursing schoo
19、ls.DIts easier to get employed and well paid.4According to the text，male nurses are more likely to_.Abecome licensed practical nursesBdevote themselves to workCgraduate from nursing schoolsDget the highest paid nursing occupation5What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?AMen are more likely to be
20、 better nurses.BAs nurses，men earn more than women.CMale nurses work harder than female ones.DMale and female nurses do different jobs.语篇解读本文为说明文，主要介绍了美国男护士的就业情况。1解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Back then，about 2.7 percent of registered nurses were men.”可知B项正确。答案：B2解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Recent years of shortages hav
21、e led to increased efforts”和该词后面的“men into the field”可推知C项正确。答案：C3解析：细节理解题。由第四段第一句中的“The relatively high wages and expanding job opportunities make this field attractive”可知答案为D。答案：D4解析：细节理解题。由第五段第一句中的“Men were found to be more likely to become nurse anesthetists (麻醉师)，which is the highest paid nursi
22、ng occupation”可知答案为D。答案：D5解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的信息“men earned，on average，$60,700 per year，while women earned $51,100 per year”和“men outearn women”可知B项正确。答案：B。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省济南市名校高三第四次诊断性测试】With the average temperature for January standing at 50 ，it is no wonder the Russia
23、n village of Oymyakon is the coldest permanently inhabited settlement in the world.Known as the “Pole of Cold”，the coldest ever temperature recorded in Oymyakon is 71.2 .This is the lowest recorded temperature for any permanently inhabited location on Earth and the lowest temperature recorded in the
24、 northern hemisphere (北半球)Ironically，Oymyakon actually means “nonfreezing water” due to a nearby hot spring.Most homes in Oymyakon still burn coal and wood for heat and enjoy few modern conveniences.Nothing grows there so people eat reindeer (驯鹿) meat and horsemeat.A single shop provides the towns b
25、are necessities and the locals work as reindeerbreeders，hunters and icefisherman.There are few modern conveniences in the villagewith many buildings still having outdoor toiletsand most people still burn coal and wood for heat.When coal deliveries are irregular，the power station starts burning wood.
26、If the power ceases，the town shuts down in about five hours，and the pipes freeze and crack.Daily problems that come with living in Oymyakon include pen ink freezing，glasses freezing to peoples faces and batteries losing power.Locals are said to leave their cars running all day for fear of not being
27、able to restart them.Even if there was coverage for mobile phone reception，the phones themselves would not work in such conditions.Another problem caused by the frozen temperatures is burying dead bodies，which can take anything up to three days.The earth must first have thawed (融解) sufficiently in o
28、rder to dig it，so a bonfire is lit for a couple of hours.Hot coals are then pushed to the side and a hole couple of inches deep is dug.The process is repeated for several days until the hole is deep enough to bury the coffin.Travel companies offer tourists the opportunity to visit the village and sa
29、mple life in the freezing conditions.1Oymyakon gets its name because_.Ait is extremely cold thereBits water is nonfreezingCthere is a hot spring nearbyDit is known as the “Pole of Cold”2From the passage we can infer that people in Oymyakon_.Aprefer meat to any other kind of foodBseldom have fresh ve
30、getables and fruitsCcan buy anything in the shopDmight row a boat to catch fish3Why do the locals have their cars running all day?AThey are afraid they cant get the car started.BThey want to keep warm in the car.CThey have abundant oil resources.DThey have little awareness of saving.4Mobile phones w
31、ould not work in Oymyakon because_.Athe batteries are of poor qualityBthere was no coverage for phone receptionCbatteries cant be charged in such conditionsDthe extreme coldness makes the batteries lose power5Which of the following is the first step when burying a dead body?AThe coffin must be put i
32、n place.BA bonfire has to be lit first.CHot coals have to be pushed to the side.DA hole couple of inches deep is dug.语篇解读俄罗斯的奥伊米亚康村庄一月份的平均气温达到零下50度，是全球最寒冷的永久居住点。1解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段的第一句话“Ironically，Oymyakon actually means nonfreezing water due to a nearby hot spring.”可知，它是因附近的一个温泉而得名。答案：C2解析：考查推理判断。根据第三
33、段中的“Nothing grows there so people eat reindeer (驯鹿) meat and horsemeat.”可推知，那里的人很少吃到新鲜的蔬菜和水果。答案：B3解析：考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Locals are said to leave their cars running all day for fear of not being able to restart them.”可知，他们这样做是因为他们害怕不能让车重新启动。答案：A4解析：考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“include pen ink freezing，glasses freezing
34、 to peoples faces and batteries losing power”和“ Even if there was coverage for mobile phone reception，the phones themselves would not work in such conditions.”可知，手机在那儿不能用的原因是D项。答案：D5解析：考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“The earth must first have thawed (融解) sufficiently in order to dig it，so a bonfire is lit for a couple of hours.”可知，要先点燃篝火，把土地解冻。