1、北京市海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解一轮巩固练习（3）及答案阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions (使命) often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the days work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the Intern
2、ational Space Station (ISS) . ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off tomimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can com
3、municate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences. While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put togeth
4、er a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the inte
5、rnet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some“web surfing (冲浪) ” in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space. Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do i
6、n space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earths vast land mass and oceans. 1. What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Find.B. Copy.C.
7、 Change. D. Lose. 2. Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS? A. They are caring and thoughtful. B. They are worried and upset. C. They are impatient and annoyed. D. They are excited and curious. 3. In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts.A. g
8、et more pleasure in space than on the EarthB. find living in space a bit boring and tiringC. regard space life as commonD. love to see the Earth from space4. The passage mainly discusses how astronauts.A. work for longer missions in space B. connect with people on the EarthC. observe the Earth from
9、space D. spend their free time in space【参考答案】14、BADDPassage Five (Killing in the Name of God Ugandan Deaths Spotlight Rise of Cults) How could faith beget such evil? After hundreds of members of a Ugandan cult, the Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God, died in what first appea
10、red to be a suicidal fire in the village of Kanungu two weeks age, police found 153 bodies buried in a compound used by the cult in Buhunga, 25 miles away. When investigators searched the house of a cult leader in yet another village, they discovered 155 bodies, many buried under the concrete floor
11、of the house. Then scores more were dug up at a cult members home. Some had been poisoned; others, often-young children, strangled. By weeks end, Ugandan police had counted 924 victims including at least 530 who burned to death inside the sealed church exceeding the 1978 Jonestown mass suicide and k
12、illings by followers of American cult leader Jim Jones that claimed 913 lives. Authorities believe two of the cults leaders, Joseph Kibwetere, a 68-year-old former Roman Catholic catechism teacher who started the cult in 1987, and his “prophetess, ” Credonia Mwerinde, by some accounts a former prost
13、itute who claimed to speak for the Virgin Mary, may still be alive and on the run. The pair had predicted the world would end on Dec. 31, 1999. When that didnt happen, followers who demanded the return of their possessions, which they had to surrender on joining the cult, may have been systematicall
14、y killed. The Ugandan carnage focuses attention on the proliferation of religious cults in East Africas impoverished rural areas and city slums. According to the institute for the study of American religion, which researches cults and sects, there are now more than 5,000 indigenous churches in Afric
15、a, some with apocalyptic or revolutionary leanings. One such group is the Jerusalem Church of Christ in Nairobis Kawangwara slums, led by Mary Snaida-Akatsa, or “mommy” as she is known to her thousands of followers. She prophesies about the end of the world and accuses some members of being witches.
16、 One day the brought a “special visitor” to church, an Indian Sikh man she claimed was Jesus, and told her followers to “repent or pay the consequences.” Most experts say Africas hardships push people to seek hope in religious cults. “These groups thrive because of poverty,” says Charles Onyango Obb
17、o, editor of the Monitor, an independent newspaper in Uganda, and a close observer of cults. “People have no support, and theyre susceptible to anyone who is able to tap into their insecurity.” Additionally, they say, AIDS, which has ravaged East Africa, may also breed a fatalism that helps apocalyp
18、tic notions take root. Some Africans turn to cults after rejecting mainstream Christian churches as “Western” or “non-African.” Agnes Masitsa, 30, who used to attend a Catholic church before she joined the Jerusalem Church of Christ, says of Catholicism: “Its dull.” Catholic icons. Yet, the Ugandan
19、doomsday cult, like many of the sects, drew on features of Roman Catholicism, a strong force in the region. Catholic icons were prominent in its buildings, and some of its leaders were defrocked priests, such as Dominic Kataribabo, 32, who reportedly studied theology in the Los Angeles area in the m
20、id-1980s. He had told neighbors he was digging a pit in his house to install a refrigerator; police have now recovered 81 bodies from under the floor and 74 from a field nearby. Police are unsure whether Kataribabo died in the church fire. Still, there is the question: How could so many killings hav
21、e been carried out without drawing attention? Villagers were aware of Kibweteres sect, whose followers communicated mainly through sign language and apparently were apprehensive about violating any of the cults commandments. There were suspicions. Ugandan president Yoweri Mseveni told the BBC that i
22、ntelligence reports about the dangerous nature of the group had been suppressed by some government officials. On Thursday, police arrested an assistant district commissioner, the Rev. Amooti Mutazindwa, for allegedly holding back a report suggesting the cult posed a security threat. Now, there are c
23、alls for African governments to monitor cults more closely. Says Gilbert Ogutu, a professor of religious studies at the University of Nairobi: “When cult leaders lose support, they become dangerous.”1.Why did so may Ugandans die in faith?A Many of them were killed for asking for the return of their
24、possessions.They found the cults leaders had cheated them.C They lost faith in cults.D They are willing to die.2.The main reason of peoples joining the cults isA poverty.insecurity.C AIDS.D fatalism.3.What does Mary Snaide Akatsa prophesy?A She prophesies the world will be flooded.She prophesies the
25、 world will be in fire.C She prophesies about the end of the world.D She prophesies he followers should die in faith.4.Why do some Africans reject Christian Churches?A They feel Christianity is dull.They reject Christian Churches as Western or non-African.C They are susceptible.D They are dangerous
26、persons.5.How could so many killing have been carried out without drawing attention?A The cult acted secretly.The government officials did not see through its dangerous nature.C There were no preventive measures.D People were frightened.Vocabulary1.beget 产生，引起，招致2.cult 祭礼，狂烈的崇拜（者），迷信，邪教pound 院子，场地4.
27、strangle 扼死，闷死5.carnage 残杀，大屠杀，成堆的尸体6.catechism 教理问答7.prophet 预言者，先知8.on the run 在逃9.proliferation 扩散，繁殖10.indigenous 本土的，土生土张的11.apocalypse （基督教）启事（录）圣经新约12.be susceptible 易受人影响13.ravage 蹂躏，劫掠14.fatalism 宿命论15.apocalyptic 预警16.icon （东正教）圣像17.doomsday 世界末日18.Jerusalem 耶路撒冷，喻：天堂19.Kenya 肯尼亚20.Nairobi
28、 内罗毕，肯尼亚首都21.mommy 嬷嬷mother22.repent 忏悔23.Sikh 锡克教（信徒）24.defrock 免去圣职的。这里指：免去圣职的牧师25.sect 宗教小组26.pose 提问难句译注1. the Movement for the restoration of the Ten Commandments of God【结构简析】Ten commandments 十戒，是圣经中上帝再西奈山上给予摩西（犹太人的古代领袖）十大行为的神圣准则：a) have no other god.b) Do not make or warship idols.c) Do not ta
29、ke the word of the lord in vain.d) Keep the Sabbath holy.e) Honor ones father and mother.f) Do not kill.g) Do not commit adultery.h) Do not steal.i) Do not give false evidence.j) Do not covet anothers property or wife.这十戒为犹太教、基督教的教条。 【参考译文】这是乌干达回复上帝十戒运动头目以上帝的名义在2000年屠杀了924名信徒。2. the 1978 Jonestown m
30、ass suicide and killings by followers of American cult leader Jim Jones that claimed 913 lives.这是指美国的一个邪教组织人民圣殿教。1978年11月19日教徒在教主Jim Jones的蒙骗或胁迫下在圭亚那集体自杀或扼杀（或强制和下Kool-Aid）或遭袭击而死。人数高达913。此后Jones一词意为残忍的人。杀人的地点就成为Jonestown。3. they are susceptible to any one who is able to tap into their insecurity.【参考译
31、文】他们易受任何人的影响，这些人能利用他们不安的情绪。4. drew on features of Roman Catholicism.【参考译文】利用罗马天主教义等特点。写作方法与文章大意 文章以因果写作方法，先提出各种邪教残害的人数，然后一一点出邪教兴起的原因：人民贫穷、艾滋病之猖獗，为宿命论提供了温床。加上邪教头目种种欺骗手段：如世界末日来临利用一些正教教义或以基督、圣母玛利亚的身份出现控制、麻木信徒，一旦欺骗手段暴露信徒就惨遭杀害。答案详解1. A 许多人由于要归还他们的财产而遭到杀害。答案见第二段倒数第二句，这一对邪教领袖曾预言世界将于1999年12月31日借宿世界末日来临。结果并没
32、有发生，追随者就要求归还他们在入教时献上的一切，而遭到有计划有步骤地杀害。B. 他们发现邪教头目欺骗他们。这只是起因之一，如果发现后不吭声也许不会遭劫。C.他们对邪教失去了信任。D. 他们愿意去死。2. A 贫穷。主要原因就是穷。答案见第四段。许多专家认为非洲之艰苦生活促使人民在邪教中寻找希望。这些邪教群体之兴起就是因为贫穷。人民没有支柱、保障，很容易受影响。任何人都可利用他们不安的情绪。其次艾滋病在东非之猖獗，培育出宿命论观点，从而帮助预示可怕事情即将来临的思想扎根于心灵。B.不安全。C.艾滋病。D.宿命论。3. C 她预言世界末日。A.她预言世界将遭水淹。B.她预言世界将烧光。D.她预言她
33、的追随者将死于信仰。4. B 他们把基督教会视为西方的或非非洲的而拒之门外。见第五段：有些非洲人在把基督教会视作西方的或非非洲的而拒之门外后皈依邪教。A.认为基督教非常沉闷单调。C.他们易受影响。D.他们是一伙危险人物。5. A 邪教行动神秘。例：第一段中描述的好几百乌干达邪教组织成员死于初看好像是自杀性的火焰之中（自焚），在一个场院诱发现了153具尸体，在搜查邪教头目的房子中又发现了156具尸体，许多埋于房子的混凝土地板下面，还有好几十具从邪教成员家中挖出，其中有些人被毒死。其他，特别是孩子都是扼杀（窒息而死）。共计924人，至少有530人烧死在封闭的教堂里。倒数第三段，乌干达世界末日邪教一
34、个头目免去圣职的牧师，据说80年代中他研究神学，他告诉邻居他在家挖一个地窖放冰箱。现在警察发现地板下81具尸体，附近一场地74具尸体。上述两例都是神秘杀害，至于要归还财产之人更遭神秘杀害了。B.政府官员没有看出邪教的危险性（原因之一）。C.没有防范措施。D.人民害怕。阅读理解 In his lowest days when few people bought his records, Taiwan singer Steve Chou (周传雄) lived alone in Canada and did little. One day, he passed by a local CD stor
35、e and accidentally heard a song that greatly enchanted (迷住) him. His passion for music was suddenly rekindled (重新点燃). “My heart tells me that music is the thing I truly want to do, not for fame or money,” Chou told Teens. “So I asked myself, why not start all over again?” Thats how we luckily regain
36、ed this music genius, who has since then composed lots of hits for the pop music charts (排行榜). His emotional voice is enthralling (迷人的). Sometimes we need to get close to nature to look deeply into our souls and see what we genuinely (真正地) want to follow, he said. Following the success of Turkey in
37、Blue, he has recently released his latest work Lovers Genesis. In this album he explores human relationships in the Internet age. This time, he takes the role of a calm observer rather than a struggling insider. Technology itself is a good thing, but it depends on how youre going to use it, is Chous
38、 advice to teenagers. Chou often gets his music ideas from trips. He has traveled to many places around the world and believes that learning a countrys language is the fastest way of experiencing the culture behind it.( ) 1. How was Steve Zhous passion for music rekindled?A. He was encouraged by his
39、 friends.B. When he passed by a store and heard a song that enchanted him. C .He decided to rebuild his reputation. D. A good idea suddenly occurred to him. ( ) 2. Which of the following songs belongs to Steve Zhou?A. Heal the world B. I swear C. Lovers Genesis D. Lemon tree ( ) 3. How does Zhou get
40、 his music idea?A. From his work life B. From his trips C. From his friends D. From musical books ( ) 4. What does the underlined sentence mean?A. Technology is always a good thing. B. Technology by no means is a good thing. C. If you use it properly, it will be helpful to your life. D. We should no
41、t believe technology too much. 【文章大意】：文章主要向人们讲述了台湾歌手周传雄在经历事业低谷后重新开始自己的音乐创作的过程。1.【考点分析】细节理解题。【参考答案】B。【解题思路】文中第一段提到he passed by a local CD store and accidentally heard a song that greatly enchanted (迷住) him.。可知周重新燃起的创作热情是源于一首CD歌曲的影响。2.【考点分析】细节理解题。【参考答案】C。【解题思路】 文中的最后一段提到了周传雄的音乐作品，我们据此可以得知C项是正确参考答案。3.【考点分析】细节理解题。【参考答案】B。【解题思路】文中最后一段提到Chou often gets his music ideas from trips .可知周传雄是在旅途中来寻找自己的想法，故B项正确。4.【考点分析】句意理解题。【参考答案】C。【解题思路】句中讲到“科技是个好东西，但是关键在于你怎么使用它”，由此我们可知C 项正确。