1、北京市朝阳区2018-2019学年度第一学期高三年级期中统一考试英 语 试 卷 2018.11（考试时长100分钟 满分120分)本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe Darjeeling Himalayan Railway may be the slowest train in the world. Every day the train _
2、1_ (climb) over 2250 meters. Although the entire trip is 80 kilometers, it takes up to ten hours. The railway _2_ (build) in 1881 and has been carefully protected for its cultural importance. Today the train is attractive to the passengers who come from other places _3_ (see) the railway and the sur
3、rounding mountains. They seem to get a lot of pleasure _4_ its slow speed. For _5_ (fan) of this train, being slow is actually a good thing. As these people say, “slow” has four letters, so has life; “speed” has five letters, so has death.BI think my memory is good. I use a simple trick to remember
4、peoples names _6_ (clear). When I meet someone and hear the persons name, I imagine that I can see the name _7_ (write) on the persons face. So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face, and that is _8_ I never forget a name. When I have to memorize things for school, I
5、walk up and down in the room, _9_ (read) the notes aloud. The methods are very effective and I _10_ (use) them for many years. Compared with me, my brother has a very bad memory. He never remembers his promises. I always have to remind him.第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，
6、选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bradleys BicycleWhen our son Bradley was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was missing. Having a bike was a big deal to our children. They spent hours and hours on their bikes, _11_ up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode as a _12
7、_ at holidays, when all the members enjoyed staying together. Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air _13_ spending any money.Bradley discovered that his bicycle had been _14_ from our backyard when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride. He could
8、nt _15_ that someone would do this. _16_, none of the other bicycles were touched and nothing else was missing.Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, _17_ for the bicycle to be returned, and _18_ it to the letterbox. The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I f
9、ound a white _19_ with the magical words, “Buy yourself a new bike.” It took me a little while to _20_ what it was inside it. It was a $100 banknote.We were very _21_ that someone had the heart to do this. Weve never been able to thank the person but we _22_ that it may have been one of our wonderfu
10、l neighbors. Bradley painted a big “Thank you” on the sign and we _23_ it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards in case it was someone who drove down our street.Bradley was able to _24_ a new bicycle. As the years went on, bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as _25_ for th
11、ose family bicycle rides. Now the kids have grown up and cars have _26_ their bicycles. Bradley is twenty-five this year. Sometimes I _27_ the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.All these years later we are still grateful to that incredibly kind _28_. A young boys
12、sorrow turned to joy when he got his _29_. We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now, _30_ who actually gave us the help.11. A. walking B. flying C. jumping D. riding12. A. family B. club C. staff D. department13. A. against B. b
13、efore C. without D. except14. A. charged B. stolen C. returned D. saved15. A. remember B. promise C. explain D. believe16. A. Strangely B. Hopefully C. Typically D. Normally 17. A. applyingB. begging C. heading D. searching18. A. handedB. dropped C. tied D. covered19. A. envelopeB. flag C. notice D.
14、 board20. A. adjust B. commit C. declare D. realize21. A. ashamed B. scared C. touched D. confused22. A. ignore B. suspect C. admit D. understand23. A. threw B. lost C. sent D. left24. A. own B. earn C. copy D. seek25. A. flexibleB. important C. secure D. comfortable26. A. affectedB. combined C. rep
15、laced D. defeated27. A. miss B. follow C. count D. recommend28. A. guide B. host C. stranger D. neighbor29. A. prize B. wish C. chance D. view30. A. checkB. predict C. doubt D. wonder第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APlanning to get away? Think pass
16、port firstIf youre planning to get away from it all this year, you should think passport first. Checking you have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to go.Renewing (更新) your passport before it runs outYou can renew your
17、passport up to 9 months before it can no longer be legally used. So take the time now and save the tears later.Applying for a passport for the first timeOur eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes a minimum of one week to issue (颁发) a passport. So make sure you dont leave it to the last minute, a
18、nd apply in plenty of time.Help with your application is just around the cornerSelected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents offer a Check and Send service that helps you with your application. Its convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.If you need to apply for
19、or renew a passport, you can either:Pick up a Passport Application Form at Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents.Or call the Application Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit www.passport.gov.ukIf your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our of
20、fices. We cant guarantee to see customers without an appointment.From 14th January a guaranteed same day (passport renewals only) or one week service will be available from passport public counters.*Calls will be charged 60p per minute and the cost per call should not normally be more than 90p. *Cal
21、ls are charged at national rates.31. When applying for a passport for the first time, you need to know that _.A. passports can be legally used foreverB. passports are issued at the last minuteC. application checks take at least one weekD. applications are selected by post office branches32. Accordin
22、g to the passage, you can meet your urgent need by _. A. going to the offices directlyB. making a call for an appointmentC. visiting www.passport.gov.uk for a guaranteeD. getting in touch with Worldchoice travel agents33. What is the passage mainly about?A. Certain types of passports.B. Different fu
23、nctions of passports.C. Advantages of holding passports.D. Instructions on applying for passports.BA Teenage InventorThe world could be one step closer to quick and inexpensive Ebola detection thanks to a teenager from Connecticut. Olivia Hallisey, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded $50,
24、000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola, a virus that causes bleeding from different parts of the body and usually causes death. Olivias method is to ask patients to put their saliva (唾液) onto a testing card. The card changes color if the person is catching Ebloa. Presen
25、t Ebloa tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Olivias method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Besides, the sample (样本) doesnt have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testing cards.Olivia was inspired to deal with this global
26、 problem after watching the news that more than 10,000 people died from Ebola in West Africa. She was particularly worried about the fact that, while the acts of involvement can improve survival rates, present detection methods are costly, time-consuming and require complex tools. Olivia got help fr
27、om her science research teacher. She drew out directions from past research, and figured out detection systems that have proven to work with other diseases, including Lyme disease and yellow fever.“What affects one country affects everyone,” Olivia told CNBC. “We have to work together to find answer
28、s to the huge challenges which cause harm to the global health.” The Connecticuts teen, who hopes to become a doctor one day, was named the Google Science Fair winner in the competition of 20 competitors from across the globe. The fair is open to young people between the ages of 13 and 18 in most co
29、untries.Olivia hopes her success will inspire other girls interested in science and computers. “I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they dont have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science,” she told CNBC, “but just
30、 really look at something they are interested in and then think how to improve something or make it more enjoyable or relate it to their interests.”34. According to the passage, present Ebola detection methods _.A. must use a large amount of samples B. may detect other deadly viruses as wellC. have
31、proven to be ineffective in practiceD. require samples to be kept in refrigerators35. What can we learn about Olivias method?A. Time-consuming. B. Cheap. C. Complex. D. Out-of-date.36. What does the underlined word “drawn” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？A. Attracted. B. Controlled. C. Admitted. D. Exp
32、osed.37. The Google Science Fair is intended for _.A. students B. doctors C. inventors D. scientistsCPalaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort
33、 of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success. Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet
34、 and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would addre
35、ss problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the s
36、trength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.During the Middle Ages, at
37、tacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden
38、bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.Th
39、e end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive mill
40、ions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.38. What was the original function of castles according to the passage?A. They served as tourist attractions.B. They were important social centers.C. They marked religious ceremonies.D. They were built for use in emerg
41、encies.39. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that _.A. stone castles cost less moneyB. stone castles offered better defenseC. wooden castles were uncomfortableD. wooden castles took a long time to build40. Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses
42、?A. Castles were totally separated by stones.B. Arrow-slits were made in large quantities.C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.D. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.41. What is the best title of the passage?A. Fancy Living: Learning about Castles B. Normans: Bringing C
43、astles to EnglandC. A History of Castles: The Rise and Fall of CastlesD. Defending Castles: Technologies Used to Defend CastlesD Maths and MusicAn excellent way to kill a conversation is to say you are a mathematician. Tell others you are also a musician, however, and they will be hooked. Although t
44、here are obvious similarities between mathematical and musical activity, there is no direct evidence for the kind of magical connection many people seem to believe in.Im partly referring here to the “Mozart effect”, where children who have been played Mozart compositions are supposedly more intellig
45、ent, including at maths, than other children. It is not hard to see why such a theory would be popular: we would all like to become better at maths without putting in any effort. But the conclusions of the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mozart effect were much more modest. If you want y
46、our brain to work better, you clearly have to put in hard work. As for learning to play the piano, it also takes effort. Surely a connection is quite reasonable. Both maths and music deal with abstract structures, so if you become good at one, then it is likely that you become good at something more
47、 general that helps you with the other. If this is correct, it would show a connection between mathematical and musical ability. It would be more like the connection between abilities at football and tennis. To become better at one, you need to improve your fitness and coordination (协调). That makes
48、you better at sport and probably helps with the other.Abstract structures dont exist only in maths and music. If you learn a language then you need to understand its abstract structures like grammar. Yet we dont hear people asking about a connection between mathematical and linguistic (语言的) ability.
49、 Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, so it wouldnt be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, however, is strongly tied up with feelings and can be enjoyed even by people who know little about it. As such, it seems different from maths, so there wouldnt b
50、e any connection between the two.Lets see how we solve problems of the “A is to B as C is to D” kind. These appear in intelligence tests but they are also central to both music and maths. Consider the opening of Mozarts Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (小夜曲). The second phrase is a clear answer to the first.
51、The listener thinks: “The first phrase goes upward and uses the notes of a G major chord (和弦); what would be the corresponding phrase that goes downward and uses the notes of a D7?” Music is full of puzzles like this. If you are good at them, expectations will constantly be set up in your mind. The
52、best moments surprise you by being unexpected, but we need the expectations in the first place.42. What does the author say about “Mozart effect”？A. The goal of it was not carefully thought about.B. The interest people showed in it was unexpected.C. The way it was carried out proved to be ineffectiv
53、e.D. The findings from it gave people wrong information.43. The author mentioned football and tennis in Paragraph 3 to show that _.A. music and maths have something in commonB. football and tennis are played in a similar wayC. certain skills may be developed through practiceD. abstract structures br
54、ing benefits to various fields44. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that _.A. language is less attractive to learnersB. mathematicians are good at music learningC. language seems more like maths than music doesD. the structure of language is easier to learn than that of music45. What is the writers main
55、 purpose in the last paragraph? A. To prove how music finally differs from maths.B. To describe the mathematical processes musicians may have.C. To show how abstract thinking applies to both music and maths.D. To explain why Mozart is so highly considered by mathematicians.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容
56、，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gardening 380 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.Taking seeds and
57、plants along on a trip isnt a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. _46_ Because of this, its not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provid
58、e more fresh things. _47_ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraftthe only air the astronauts can breathe. _48_ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the
59、plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots dont “know” to grow down, leaves dont “know” to grow up, and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves. _49_ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are u
60、sed to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. _50_ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of f
61、resh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the worlds population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.A. Every plant grown in
62、space must have several uses.B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space.C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow corre
63、ctly.F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 （15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，准备加入学校的一个学生社团。请给你班的交换生Jim写封电子邮件，向他介绍这个社团，希望他能够一起参加。邮件的内容包括：1. 社团的名称;2.
64、 社团的活动内容；3. 询问对方的意向。注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）第二节 （20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍上周末你陪同交换生游览长城的完整过程，并以“Our Trip to the Great Wall”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。词数不少于60。Our Trip to the Great Wall_（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）北京市朝阳区2018-2019学年度第一学期高三年级期中统一考试英语试题答案 2018
65、.11第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1. climbs 2. was built 3. to see 4. from 5. fans6. clearly 7. written 8. how/why 9. reading 10. have used/have been using第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）1115 DACBD 1620 ABCAD 2125 CBDAB 2630 CACBD第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）3135 CBDDB 3640 AABB
66、D 4145 CDACC第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）4650 DFBEC 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）一、评分原则：1本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。 4拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档（13分15分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表
67、达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（9分12分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（4分8分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。第四档（1分3分）未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0分未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、One possible version:Dear
68、Jim, Im writing to tell you that Ill take part in the photography community in our school and ask if youd like to go with me. There are a wide variety of activities in this community. Well learn the basic knowledge of photography, such as the color and composition of the pictures, so that we can rec
69、ord the beauty around us in a better way. Besides, well have exhibitions of excellent works, in which we could share our ideas and skills and enable more students to appreciate the beauty of life. Ive heard that photography is also your hobby. Im sure well have fun together. Look forward to your rep
70、ly. Yours,Li Hua第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯性、词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性。4拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5词数少于60，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档（18分20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了
71、较强的语言运用能力；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（15分17分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（12分14分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了内容要点；运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（6分11分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。漏掉或未描述清楚内容要点；所用句式和词汇有限；语法或用词方面的错误
72、影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。第五档（1分5分）未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏主要内容；句式单调、词汇贫乏；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0分未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、内容要点：1. 乘车前往长城2. 游览长城3. 参观博物馆4. 合影留念四、One possible version: Our Trip to the Great WallLast weekend, I accompanied two exchange students to the Great Wall, which proved to be a very pleasant
73、trip.Early on Saturday morning, we got on the bus happily. Everyone was excited, discussing what we had known about the Great Wall, including anecdotes and legends. Two hours later we got to our destination, and everyone couldnt wait to start climbing. We spent the next few hours on the Great Wall,
74、stopping from time to time to take photos and appreciate its magnificence as well as the breathtaking scenery around it. Then we went to the Great Wall Museum nearby. It contains exhibitions showing the history of the Great Wall and the social landscape along it, from which we got a better understanding of the Great Wall. Time passed quickly! It was noon before we knew it. Before leaving, we took a group selfie to record this unforgettable moment. Excitement was written on everyones face.It was really an impressive trip and I really felt proud of this world wonder.