1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家 Book2 Module3 Grammar预习案使用说明&学法指导：借助词汇精粹与语法导学，理解例句并尝试总结知识结构，然后再根据预习自测进行自我检测。 .语法预习导学一、时间状语从句1when，while，as引导的时间状语从句(1)当从句谓语动作进行时间较长时用while，而不用as和when。They slept while we kept watching over them.我们监视他们的时候，他们睡着了。(2)while不能与表示瞬间性的动词连用。I was quite happy as/when I found my lost watch.当找到
2、丢失的手表时，我真的很高兴。(3)as和while都可以与持续性动词连用，表示两个动作同时发生，但前者强调的是持续的全过程，后者强调的是动作的同时性。因此把as译成“正当”或“与同时”；而把while译成“在过程中”或“在期间”。It often changes in speed and direction while it is moving.它在运动过程中经常改变速度和方向。It changes in speed and direction as it moves.它在运动时，改变了速度和方向。(4)when和as都可以表示两个动作的先后顺序，而while却不能。When/As the c
3、lock struck six，Tom got up.当六点的钟声敲响的时候，汤姆起床了。(5)when可以作并列连词表示“这时(突然)”。He was working on a design when his friend arrived.他正在搞设计，这时他的朋友到了。2 as soon as，immediately，directly，once，no sooner.than，hardly.when引导的时间状语从句，表示“一就”。I came directly I got your message.我一得到你的消息，就来了。注意当no sooner.than，hardly.when中的no
4、 sooner，hardly置于句首时，主句部分倒装。No sooner had Jack seen me than he left the classroom.Hardly had Jack seen me when he left the classroom.杰克一看见我就离开了教室。3the moment，the day，next time，last time，every time，each time等词引导时间状语从句。He came to the spot the moment he heard of the accident.他一听说这起事故就赶到了现场。Every time I
5、travelled by boat，I got seasick.每次我乘船旅行都会晕船。4till，until引导的时间状语从句We will stay here till/until it stops raining.我们将一直呆在这里直到雨停。主句有否定意义时，till/until含有before的意思，通常译为“直到才”。John did not announce the news till he was sure of it.约翰直到对这个消息确信无误时才宣布。not until放在句首时，主句的主语和谓语要倒置，表示加强语气。Not until the rain stopped di
6、d we leave there.直到雨停了我们才离开那儿。5since引导的时间状语从句I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京。注意since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在“It is时间since从句”的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。二、过去完成时过去完成时表示的是“过去的过去”发生、进行或完成了的动作。使用过去完成时，一般要有可以与之比较的“过去时间点”。过去完成时主要用在以下场合：1过去完成时常与by，by the end o
7、f，by the time引导的状语连用。In Germany，over 50% of the trees had been damaged by (the year) 1896.在德国，到1896年止，全国已经有过半数的树木被毁坏。2表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态。She said she had worked in that factory.她说她在那家工厂工作过。3当一个由before，after，as soon as等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作先后、紧接着发生时，由于这些连词本身已经说明两个动作发生的先后关系，因此从句和主句的谓语动词均可用一般过
8、去时。He left the room after he (had) turned off the light.他把灯关上之后离开了房间。4过去完成时也用于hardly.when.；no sooner.than.等一些固定句型中。He had hardly arrived when it began to snow.他刚到，天就开始下雪。5有些动词，如think，hope，expect，intend，mean，suppose，want等，在用过去完成时时，可以表示过去未实现的愿望和打算。They had wanted to come，but they were too busy.他们本来是要来
9、的，但他们太忙了。6在it was the first time that句型中，that分句的动词常用过去完成时。It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.这是他第一次用这样的语调跟我讲话。Book2 Module3 Grammar学习目标1、了解时间状语和状语从句的概念和常用的连词when/while/as/by。2、 把握过去完成时的概念，句子结构和常见用法。重点：1、归纳连词when/while/as的相同和不同处。 2、从句和主句的概念及判断时态时的技巧。Step1.学请调查，情景导入1He
10、only lived 35 years and he _ more than 600 pieces of music.2_ there for 30 years，Haydn moved to London，where he was very successful.3_he was 14，Mozart _ many pieces for the harpsichord，piano and violin，_ for orchestras.:学*科*网Z*X*X*K4Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and _ him5However，_ Haydn _ encouraged Bee
11、thoven to move to Vienna.Step2.课堂展示，合作探究语法一：Adverbial clause of time when, while, as 的相同点和不同点。(以填空形式来简化抽象概念)1. when, while, as都有“当的时候”的意思，但用法却有所不同（1）when 当的时候，这时，那时A. when既可引导_性动词（时间点），又可引导_性动词(时间段）when用得最多，从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先于主句的动作。When we reached home, it was getting dark.（reach_性动词）When I lived
12、there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（live_性动词B. when 还有“这时”，“那时”的意思，常用于下列句型：Somebody was doing something when 某人正在做 突然 我正在读英语，这时老师进来了。译： Somebody was about to do something when 某人正要做 突然 I was about to talk in the classroom when the teacher came in.我刚要在教室里讲话老师就进来了。（2）while当的时候，在过程中，而，然而A.
13、while只能引导_性动词或状态，用while时，从句的动作或者与主句的动作同时发生，或者主句的动作是在从句的动作的进展过程中发生的。例：While she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.当她在打电话时，我正在写信。While we were dancing, a stranger came in. 译： B. while还可表示强烈的对比关系，可译成“然而，而”（并列连词）She is tall while I am short.译： While I was studying English, he was playing c
14、omputer games. 译： （3）as当时候，一边一边，一面一面；随着a. as引导_性动词，多用于主句和从句动作同时发生，强调伴随 We took notes as we listened to the lecture. 译： As he grew older, Beethoven became deaf. 译： 语法二：The past perfect tenseStep1:结合例子复习过去完成时基本的概念. (简要复习其概念，练习巩固)1. By the end of last year, we (learn) 700 English words. 用法：表示过去某一时间或动作之
15、前已经发生或完成的动作（过去的过去）2Mary (live) in London for ten years when I met her.用法：表示过去某一时间之前已经开始并一直持续到那个那时的动作或动作3. 过去完成时：肯定结构：助动词 +done（动词过去分词） 否定结构：助动词 not +doneStep2:结合例子归纳下面的过去完成时基本句型. (研究例句，归纳句子结构) 1. After Li Ping had finished doing his homework, he turned on the radio.归纳： after引导的时间状语从句（ 时 ）+ 主句（ 时 ）2.
16、 Before he came to our school, he had taught English for three years.归纳： before引导的时间状语从句（ 时 ）+ 主句（ 时 ）3. By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words.归纳：by the time引导的时间状语从句（ 时 ）+ 主句（ 时 ）4. By the late 1960s, their music had changed completely.归纳：by引导的表示过去的时间状语+ 句子谓语部分（ 时 ）B级练习：考试练习1.He smiled p
17、olitely Mary apologized for her drunken friends. (2012山东，27)Aas B.if Cunless Dthough2.One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help. Aafter Bwhile Csince Dwhen3.He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering. (2011辽宁，29)Asince Bas Cwhen D
18、than4.She was surprised to find the fridge empty；the children everything！(2011山东，35)Ahad been eating Bhad eaten Chave eaten Dhave been eating5.Last month，the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China. Areceive Bare receiving Chave received Dhad receivedStep4.归纳总结1. 总结whe
19、n，while和as的用法。2. 过去完成时的不同用法。Step5.预习指导，新课链接翻译下面的句子并理解划线部分。1. Ye xiaogang, who was born in 1955,is one of a group of Chinese composers known as the New Tide.2. He showed musical ability at an early age and began studying piano when he was four years old.3. After graduation ,he worked there as a lectu
20、rer.4. He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation.5. Eclipse is perhaps the first independent music group in China which plays works by modern Chinese composers.6. Since 1993,he has worked part of the time in Beijing and part of the time in the US. - 4 - 版权所有高考资源网