1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2014-2015学年高中英语（精品）同步导学案（3）：Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（人教新课标选修8）Period 3 Learning about language: GrammarLearning process(学习过程)Learning aims（学习目的）Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Finish the task given in the last period.Step2.Finishing p
2、lan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Report the answers to the class and teacher.Point out the sentences including the Past Participle in the text.To recognize the sentences including the Past Participle in the text.（在课文中找出含有过去分词的句子。）Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题) About
3、 the forms of the Past Participle :To master the forms of the Past Participle .（学习掌握过去分词的各种形式。）Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Get the Ss to learn and analyze the knowledge and use of the Past Participle in groups . 一、动词-ed形式作定语 过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词 (th
4、e Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如： spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。1. The tall man is a returned student高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。2.
5、My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。 (1)前置定语 单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。 The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。 (=the people who were excited) Lost time can never be found again虚度的时光, 无法挽回。 (=time which is lost) (2)后置定语 少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。 1. Everything used
6、should be marked所有用过的东西应该做好标记。 2. Among the invited were some ladies被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。 3. The books left are for my students剩下的书是给我的学生的。 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight
7、? (=that has been planned for tonight) 今晚有什么活动吗? 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。(=which was attended by a lot of people)3.We drank some boiled water (=which had boiled )and went on with our work. 我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。注意: 这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。二
8、、动词-ed形式作表语 过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：He looked worried after reading the letter看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea 听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。 常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；
9、experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的)； lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)； interested(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的) pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的)；known(著名的) 等等 作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work他十分厌倦这工作。
10、 He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语 能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。She found the door broken in when she came back 她回来时发现有人破门而人。 My grandfather had his old house rebuilt我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。Will you please make yourself he
11、ard to us, please? 请你大声点让我们都听到你说的话, 好吗？少数不及物动词的过去分词用作宾补时, 强调动作完成后的状态.They found all the guests gone when they woke up.当他们醒来时, 发现所有的客人都走了。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法 动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。1. I must get my bike repaired 我必须请人修理自行车。(
12、宾语补足语)2. The girl was found beaten black and blue人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。(主语补足语) (1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。We thought the game lost我们认为球赛输了。I have never heard him spoken ill of others. 我从未听过有人说他的坏话。 She felt a great weight taken off
13、 her mind 她觉得心里轻松了些。 They considered the matter settled他们认为这问题解决了。(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。 I have my hair cut once a month我每个月理一次发。 He was trying to make himself understood 他正努力使别人听懂自己。She held her hands pressed against her face.她用双手按着脸。 Have+宾语+done结构： (请人
14、)把某事做完。 She had her house repaired她请人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发? 遭遇某种意外情况。 He had his hat blown away on his way home在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的钱包被偷了。 完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。 I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。 He has had one thousa
15、nd yuan saved this year 他今年已存了1000元。 (3) 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting 他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。The students wish the TV serial plays continued 学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系
16、。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 小偷被带进来了, 双手被反绑在后面。 To learn some and sum up some knowledge of the Past Participle .（学习和归纳过去分词的有关知识。）Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点） 【基础训练】 1. Is this the bike which you wish to have _? A. repaired it B. repairing C.
17、 repair D. repaired2. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company , _ as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known 3. From the dates _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked4. It
18、 was so large a room that a hundred people looked _ in it. A. losing B. lost C. to lose D. having lost 5. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry6. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil become
19、s richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried7. She was glad to see her child well _ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking8. Friendship is like money easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept9. Dont use words
20、, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known10. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door _. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking11. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold
21、watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to looks12. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded13. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does n
22、ot seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared14. _ time, hell make a first class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given15. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. To lose C. Lost D. Having lost To deal with the prob
23、lems using the knowledge of the Past participle.（运用名词性从句知识解决问题。）Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Task1. Do the following exercises.1. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _.【2012四川卷】A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash2. After completing and signing it, please retu
24、rn the form to us in the envelope _. 【2012山东卷】A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide3.Its a such nice place, Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customs. 【2012浙江卷】A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reservingD. reserved4.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour
25、. (2009山东) A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay5.As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. (NEMT 2001) A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed6.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. (2010 上海)A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seatingTask 2. Homework: Finish all of the Grammar Ex. 24 on Page 24, SB, and Ex. 12 on Page 65, WB.To try to do with the problems from MET.（高考与我同行）To finish the task.（完成学案）- 4 - 版权所有高考资源网