1、 【高频考点解读】定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。主要考点有：关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句；关系副词where引导的定语从句(近三年来常考查先行词是表示抽象空间概念的名词的情况)；“介词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句；as引导的非限制性定语从句。 【热点题型】题型一 关系代词引导的定语从句例1、Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family. AwhichBwhere Cwhen Das 【易错
2、剖析】本题易误选B。原因是找错了先行词，本句中定语从句的先行词是taxis，而不是the bus station。 【提分秘籍】 1which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone elses fault.我拒绝因别人的过错而承担责任。 2who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。 Ive become good friends with several of the stu
3、dents in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year. 我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。 3whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物， 词序一般是名词of which或of which名词。of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是名词of whom。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修
4、中。 4the way后面定语从句的关系词 在定语从句中，the way是一个比较特殊的先行词，当它在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which，that或省略;但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。 The way that/which I thought of to solve this problem proves to be practical.(先行词作宾语) 我想到的解决这个问题的方法证明是可行的。 I dont like the way (that/in which) you solve the problem.(先行词作方式
5、状语) 我不喜欢你解决问题的方法。 5非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。 【举一反三】 The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat 解析：选C。句意：奖品将发给最能展示其想象力的故事的作者。whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story；whose story相当于the story of whom。 题型二 关系副词引导的定语从句例2、Sales director is a position _communication ability
6、is just as important as sales skills. Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere 【解析】选D。本题考查定语从句。句意：导购员是一个沟通能力和销售能力同样重要的职位。分析题干可知a position后是一个定语从句，而该从句的引导词在从句中作地点状语，即in whichin the positionwhere，故选D。在定语从句中，当position，point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导定语从句。 【易错剖析】本题容易误选B。考生误把从句判断成同位语从句，a
7、 position和后面的从句构不成同位关系，是定语从句。 【提分秘籍】 1关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation Id like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school. 毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份
8、工作。 2先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。 Is this the reason (that/which) he gave us for the delay of the project? 这是他给出工程推迟的原因吗？ 3point，situation，case，activity等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。 Its helpful to put childr
9、en in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where作状语) 把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。 I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own. 我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。 Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that作宾语) 现在只有一点我希望你弄
10、清楚。 【举一反三】 Where did you get such a beautiful skirt? It was at the department store _ we used to shop. Athat Bthere Cwhere Dwhich 解析：选C。考查定语从句和强调句的省略。答语中包含一个定语从句_we used to shop,引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导该定语从句。答语是强调句的省略形式，完整的表达为It was at the department store where we used to shop that I got such
11、a beautiful skirt. 题型三 “介词”which/whom引导的定语从句例3、Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. Awhat Bin what Cwhich Din which 【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意：对于心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程。在这个过程中，即使是生活的小细节也应该考虑到。根据主从句之间的关系可知，空格处所填词引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语，所以选D项，in which指代in the process。 【易错剖析
12、】本题易误选A。what在任何情况下都不能引导定语从句。 【提分秘籍】 1与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street，there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在漆黑的大街上没有一个她可以求助的人。 2与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience，without which you cant do the work well，is a kind of quality. 耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。 3.ofwhich/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose
13、) Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(whose price) was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。 【举一反三】 Miami and Oklahoma City，both of _ were the last two undefeated teams in the NBA this season，lost for the first time on January 3rd,2012. Awhom Bthem Cwhich Dthose 解析：选C。句意：迈阿密热火队和俄克拉荷
14、马雷霆队于2012年1月3日首次败北，它们都是NBA这个赛季最后保持完胜战绩的球队。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Miami and Oklahoma City”，故用which。 题型四 as引导的定语从句例4、It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhat 【易错剖析】本题容易误选A。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，更不能指代整个句子。 【提分秘籍】 1as引导的限制性定语从句 用在the same.as，such.as，as.as，s
15、o.as结构中， as可以作主语、宾语或表语，可以用来代替先行词。 They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。(as作主语) He is not the same man as he was. 他和过去不同了。(as作表语) 【温馨提示】(1)such.as.(定语从句)像那样；such.that.(状语从句)如此以至于 This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定语从句) 这是一个我能回答的简
16、单问题。 This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(状语从句) 这是个简单的问题，我能回答。 (2)the same.as.表示相似的东西；the same.that.表示同一个人或物 This is the same knife as I lost. 这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。 This is the same knife that I lost. 这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。 2关系代词as，which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非
17、限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。 After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，which turned out to be a wise decision. 大学毕业后我抽出一部分时间去旅游，事实证明这是一个明智的选择。 (2)当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。 As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month. 众所周知，月球每月绕地球一次。 (3)as意为“正如”，后面的谓语动词多是see
18、，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。 A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses，as has happened in Libya.战争是如此的残酷以致于总是带来巨大损失，正如利比亚所发生的事情一样。 Tom has made rapid progress，which makes me very happy.汤姆进步很快，这使我很高兴。 【举一反三】 Tell me something about his match in Sydney. Well，he go
19、t the championship，_ we had expected.He made it at last. Aas Bwhat Cwhy Dhow 解析：选A。考查非限制性定语从句。由语境知，正如“我们”所预料的那样，他最终获得了冠军。as引导非限制性定语从句，代替he got the championship作从句宾语。故选A。 【高考风向标】 1(2014北京卷)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my classmates recommended to me.【答案】which【解析】本
20、题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：上周我从图书馆借了本夏洛克福尔摩斯，这是我同学推荐我看的书。先行词为the book Sherlock Holmes，把先行词代入定语从句后为“My classmates recommended the book Sherlock Holmes to me.”，由此可知先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故定语从句用which引导。2(2014福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities_they can gain experience for growth. 【答案】where3(2014湖南
21、卷)I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.【答案】when【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我盼望我的女儿能读这本书并懂得我对她的感情的那一天的到来。先行词是the day，后面是定语从句不缺少主语、宾语或表语，故用关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。4(2014重庆卷)Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.【答案】which【解析
22、】本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我们将在一个月之内完成年初设定的销售目标。which是关系代词，指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词为the sales targets，定语从句中缺少宾语，把先行词代入定语从句后为“we set the sales targets at the beginning of the year”， 故用关系代词which引导定语从句，而且which也可以省略。5(2014四川卷)Until now, we have raised 50, 000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.【答案】wh
23、ich【解析】考查定语从句。句意：直到现在，我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了50 000英镑，这很出乎意料。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在从句中作主语，可译为“这件事”。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。6(2014安徽卷)The exact year_Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：安吉拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是2008年。本题定语从句中的谓语动词spent为及物动词，缺少宾语，先行词为其宾语，故用关系代词which。7(2014
24、陕西卷)Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.【答案】that【解析】本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：请把你有的有关申请那个职位的人的所有信息发给我们。分析题意和句子结构可知，you have about the candidate for the position作定语修饰前面的information。选择什么样的引导词，关键是分析先行词以及定语从句中缺少什么成分。句中have是一个及物动词，由此可以看出定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词。又因为information
25、被all修饰，所以不能用which作关系代词。注意：先行词(指物)前面有the only，few，little，no，all，every，the very等词(语)修饰时，关系代词只能用that。而as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词前面一般有same，as，such修饰，如：I want to have such a dictionary as he has.我想要一本和他的一样的字典。I studied in the same school as she did in Beijing. 我和她在北京的同一所学校就读。8(2014天津卷)English is a language shared
26、by several diverse cultures, each of _uses it differently.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主从复合句，each of which引导非限制性定语从句。9(2014山东卷)A company_profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.【答案】whose【解析】考查关系代词。句意：国内市场的利润有所下降的公司有可能到国外寻求机遇。A company为先行词，whose引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作定语
27、。10. (2014江西卷)Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.【答案】which11(2013北京，27)Many countries are now setting up national parks_animals and plants can be protected.Awhen Bwhich Cwhose Dwhere【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺少主干成分，故使用关系副词，先行词指地点，故选where。12(2013福建，27)The b
28、ook tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.Awhose Bthat Cwho Dwhich【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，定语从句中缺少lives的定语，故用whose。13(2013湖南，21)Happiness and success often come to those_are good at recognizing their own strengths.Awhom Bwho Cwhat Dwhich【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。先
29、行词为those，指人，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词who。14(2013江苏，22)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_he remembers starting as early as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。15(2013辽宁，34)He may win the competition，_he is likely to get into
30、the national team.Ain which case Bin that caseCin what case Din whose case【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。两分句间无连词，故排除B项(不能用作连词，in this/ that case用于并列句中)。此处which指代前面主句，in which case引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的in this/ that case。句意：他可能赢得这场比赛，如果这样的话，他就可能进入国家队。16(2013陕西，16)_ is often the case with children，Amy was better by the tim
31、e the doctor arrived.AIt BThat CWhat DAs【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。句意：正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好了。17(2013四川，9)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment_they live.Awhat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere【答案】D18(2013天津，6)We have launched another manmade satellite，_is announced in todays
32、newspaper.Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhat【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句。句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案选B。19(2013新课标，4)When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house_I would be staying.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中stay为不及物动词，故不缺主干成分，用关系副词；先行词为house，指地点，故用关系副词where。20(2013重庆，24)
33、John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of _ are family members.A them Bthat Cwhich Dwhom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为40 people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。【高考押题】1Mo Yan, most of _ novels have been adapted for films, is now a worldfamous writer.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语
34、从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句；先行词指人，因关系词在从句中作novels的定语，因此用关系代词whose。2David Beckham is retiring from soccer, ending a career _ he became a global superstar who went beyond the sport.【答案】in which/where【解析】考查定语从句。本空需用关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词a career，表示“在这个生涯里”，因此用in which或where引导定语从句。3The Voice of China has set up a
35、big stage for young people with a talent for music, _ some of them have stood out among others.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国好声音为有音乐才能的年轻人提供了一个大舞台，在这个舞台上一些人脱颖而出。逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。4The reason _ we succeed was _ we had a group with a strong spirit of innovation and teamwork.【答案】why; that【解析
36、】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：我们成功的原因是我们有一个具有很强的创新精神和合作精神的团队。“_ we succeed”是定语从句，修饰The reason，从句中缺少原因状语，故第一空用why引导；“_ we had . and teamwork”是表语从句，且从句句意完整，不缺任何成分，故第二空用that。5The result was not the same _ the professor had expected, _ was rather disappointing.【答案】as; which【解析】考查定语从句。第一空，the same as为固定结构，意为“与一样”；“_ w
37、as rather disappointing”为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面整个句子的内容。故第二空应用which。6The classroom is crowded with children _ have poor eyesight, all of _ interested in painting.【答案】who; them7In the past seven years, she wrote four scripts and a play, none of _ has seen the light of day.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在过去的七年里
38、，她写了四部电影剧本和一部戏剧，但是没有一个发表。句中先行词是four scripts and a play，其后是非限制性定语从句，故用which。8. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere _ many others are short of.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这家餐馆有一种诱人的、如家一般的氛围，这是很多其他餐馆所没有的。这里需要用关系代词引导定语从句，关系代词指物并在从句中作宾语，因此用that或which。9The products, several of _ have been recen
39、tly introduced, seem to be well accepted.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些产品，其中一些近来已经被引进了，看起来被大家广泛接受。该句中，先行词为The products，引导定语从句的关系词作介词of的宾语，所以用which。10In spite of all _ has been said, quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the prices of housing in China.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为不定代词all，关系词在定语从句中作主语，
40、所以用that引导定语从句，且不能省略。11I cant find Mr Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?It was in the hotel _ he stayed.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句及强调句的省略形式。where he stayed是定语从句，修饰先行词the hotel。答语使用了强调句的省略形式，将其补充完整应为“It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met him this morning.”。12How do you understand life?It is
41、 a constant match _ the greatest opponent is yourself.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你如何理解生活？它是一场没有尽头的比赛，在这个比赛中最大的对手是你自己。根据句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是a constant match，空处在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where。13When did you first read Mo Yans stories?In 2005 _ I was attending high school.【答案】when【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，2005是先行词，关系词在
42、后面的定语从句中充当的是时间状语，故用关系副词when。14American students take part in a wide variety of afterschool activities _ they develop their social skills.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词activities，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。15High school is a good time _ we learn to give serious thought to our future.
43、【答案】when16Williams shows some challenging means _ diners at their mystery lunch on Sunday might eat the special dish.【答案】by which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉姆斯展示了一些富有挑战性的方法，在星期日的神秘午餐上用餐者或许会用这些方法吃那道特殊的菜。与means搭配的介词是by。17My grandmother lived in a generation _ women were looked down upon.【答案】when【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖母
44、生活在一个妇女被看不起的时代。此处用when引导定语从句，修饰先行词generation, when在从句中作时间状语。18Most of my friends shop at the stores _ the goods are very cheap.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。根据句子结构判断，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the stores，且空处在从句中作状语，表示地点，所以要用where。19Whether you like it or not, we live in a community _ online chatting is an important part of
45、 communication.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不管你是否喜欢，在我们生活的这个社会，网上聊天是人际交流的一个重要部分。空处为关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词a community，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where。20The living standard of the people in China, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past decades.【答案】as【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所显示的，中国人民的生活水平在过去的几十年里得到了改善。这里用as引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词as指代主句的内容并在从句中作主语。