1、Unit 2 The United Kingdom基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.currency n. 货币；通货2.institution n. 制度；机制；公共机构3.nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的4.administration n. 管理；行政部门5.enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的6.statue n. 塑像；雕像munism n. 共产主义8.error n. 错误；过失；谬误9.consistent adj. 一致的；始终如一的1.province n. 省；行政区2.union n. 联合；联盟；结合；协会3.architecture
2、 n. 建筑学；建筑艺术4.countryside n. 乡下；农村5.wedding n. 婚礼6.royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的7.uniform n. 制服8.pot n. 罐；壶9.tense n. 时态高频应用1.conflict n. 矛盾；冲突2.unwilling adj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)3.credit n. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷 4.rough adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的5.collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集6.plus prep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的7.quarrel n. 争吵；争论；吵架vi. 争吵；吵架8.al
3、ike adj. 相同的；类似的 9.sightseeing n. 观光；游览10.splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的拓展变形1.unite (vi.& vt.) 联合；团结united (adj.) 团结的；联合的union (n.) 联合；联盟；结合；协会2.consist (vi.) 组成；在于；一致consistent (adj.) 一致的3.clarify (vt.) 澄清；阐明clarified (adj.) 澄清的；透明的4.accomplish (vt.) 完成；达到；实现accomplishment (n.) 完成；成就5.convenience (n.) 便
4、利；方便convenient (adj.) 方便的6.attract (vt.) 吸引；引起注意attraction (n.) 吸引；吸引力attractive (adj.) 有吸引力的7.description (n.) 描写；描述describe (vt.) 描述；形容；描绘8.furnished (adj.) 配备好装备的；带家具的furnish (vt.) 装备；(用家具等)布置(房间、公寓)；提供9.possibility (n.) 可能(性)possible (adj.) 可能的；合理的10.arrange (vt.) 筹备；安排；整理arrangement (n.) 布置；整理1
5、1.fold (vt.) 折叠；对折unfold (反义词) (vi.& vt.) 展开；打开；呈现12.delight (n.) 快乐；高兴；喜悦 (vt.) 使高兴；使欣喜delighted (adj.) 高兴的；快乐的delightful (adj.) 令人高兴的13.thrill (vt.) 使激动；使胆战心惊thrilled (adj.) 激动的thrilling (adj.) 令人激动的1.a开头高频表语形容词alike 同样的；类似的asleep 睡着的alive 活的；有活力的awake 醒着的afraid 害怕的ashamed 羞愧的2.后缀ence必备名词convenien
6、ce 方便consequence 后果，结果dependence 依靠difference 不同existence 存在intelligence 聪明3.仅“一字母之差”的单词statue n. 雕像statusn. 身份affect vt. 影响effect n. 影响；效果adapt v. 适应adopt v. 收养sweat n. 汗水sweet adj. 甜的content n. 内容context n. 上下文march n& vi. 前进match n. 比赛expand v. 扩大expend vt.花费；用光一 动词介/副词1.consist of 由组成2.divide .
7、into 把分成3.refer to 谈到；说到；参考；涉及4.break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离5.leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑6.break down (机器)损坏；破坏二 介词名词7.to ones credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下8.in memory of 纪念三 其他9.keep ones eyes open 留心看10.take the place of 代替“to onesn.”必备短语to ones credit 为带来荣誉to ones astonishment 令某人惊奇的是to ones delight/joy 令某人高兴的是to
8、 ones disappointment 令某人失望的是to ones regret 使某人感到遗憾的是to ones shame 使某人惭愧的是_1.find宾语宾语补足语Now when people refer to England you find Wales included_as_well (发现也包括在内)(教材P10)2.do表示强调，强调谓语动词To their credit the four countries do_work_together (的确共同协作) in some areas (eg, the currency and international relati
9、ons), but they still have very different institutions.(教材P10)3.过去分词短语作后置定语For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built_by (被建造) the Romans.(教材P10)4.过去分词短语作状语Worried_about_the_time_available (担心时间不够), Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London
10、.(教材P14)5.状语从句的省略It looked splendid when_first_built (刚建成的时候)！(教材P14)6.It seems/seemed . that . “似乎”It_seemed_strange that (这似乎是一件怪事) the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.(教材P14)单句语法填空1.England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divide
11、d roughly _ three zones.答案：into2.Happily this was accomplished _ conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.答案：without3.It is a pity that the industrial cities _ (build) in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.答案：built4.There you will find _ more about Br
12、itish history and culture.答案：out5.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom _ (enjoy) and worthwhile.答案：enjoyable6._her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queens jewels _ (guard) by special royal soldiers.答案：To; guarded7.Then just as she came out of th
13、e abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, _ (ring) out the hour.答案：ringing8._ interested her most was the longitude line.答案：What9.When she saw many visitors _ (enjoy) looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.答案：enjoyi
14、ng10.The next day Pingyu was leaving London Windsor Castle.答案：for考点步步冲关1 conflictn. 矛盾；冲突v. 冲突；抵触Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.(P10)令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。(1)in conflict with sb. 与某人有冲突come in
15、to conflict with 与产生冲突(2)conflict with 与相冲突即时练1单句写作她发现在将来的职业问题上与父母有冲突。She found herself _ her parents over her future career.新的研究成果似乎和已有的理论相抵触。The results of the new research would seem to _ existing theories.答案：in conflict withconflict with2 conveniencen. 便利；方便England is the largest of the four cou
16、ntries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. (P10)英格兰是四个国家中最大的，为方便起见，它大致可划分成三个地区。(1)for convenience 为了方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候for the convenience of . 为了方便(2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的if it is convenient (for you) 如果(你)方便的话It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事。(3)in
17、convenience n. 不方便；不便inconvenient adj. 不方便的名师点津(1)convenience意为“便利；方便”时，为不可数名词；意为“便利的事物或设施”时，为可数名词。(2)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。即时练2单句语法填空Bachelet says she selected it _ convenience and I observe that it is also chea
18、p.If you are interested, please send an application email _ your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshiaef. com.In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China have been suffering from heavy fogs, causing great _ (convenient) to people.答案：foratinconvenience单句写作如果方便的话，你可以在上午11点半到机场去接他
19、吗？_， can you pick him up at the airport at 11：30 am?总之，如果我们能有这么一块有魔力的手表，我们的生活将会更加方便。In a word, if we had such a magic watch, _.答案：If it is convenient for youour life would become more convenient3 attractvt. 吸引；引起注意It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract
20、 visitors.(P10)可惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。(1)attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事be attracted by 被所吸引(2)attraction n. 吸引力；吸引人之物；吸引(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的be attractive to 对有吸引力即时练3单句语法填空TV shopping is _ (attract) because you can buy things easily without going out._ (attract)
21、 more consumers, many online shops provide great discounts on Singles Day.The Tower of London is one of the most popular tourist _ (attract) in London.答案：attractiveTo attractattractions单句写作句式升级这个女孩被大自然的美景所吸引，因此她决定再在农场待两天。a普通表达：_，so she decided to spend another two days on the farm.b高级表达：_， the girl
22、decided to spend another two days on the farm.(过去分词作状语)答案：a.The girl was attracted by the beauty of naturebAttracted by the beauty of nature4 arrangevt. 筹备；安排；整理They had no time to arrange their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company.(P13)他们没有时间筹备自己的婚礼，因此他们让一家公司代为组织。(1)arrange (for) sth.
23、 整理/安排/筹划某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事(2)arrangement n. 安排；准备make arrangements for . 为做安排即时练4单句语法填空The Jibo robot, arranged _ (ship) later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant.We have already made _ (arrange) for our vacation.答案：to shiparrangements单句改错
24、Dave arranged someone to drive him home._答案：arranged后加for单句写作父母为孩子安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。Parents _ and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.如果你感兴趣，请在下周四下午5点前到办公室报名，以便于我们做些必要的安排。If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 pm next Thursday _.答案：arrange everything for thei
25、r childrenso that we will make necessary arrangements1consist of 由组成教材原句How many countries does the UK consist of？(P9)英国是由几个部分(国家)组成的？(1)consist ofbe made up of 由组成；由构成consist inlie in 在于；存在于(2)consistent adj. 一致的be consistent with . 和一致/相符名师点津consist of 一般不用于被动语态和进行时，其同义短语有：be made up of; be compos
26、ed of。即时练1用consist相关短语的适当形式填空Life mainly _ happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow _ struggle. Remember that your ideal life is not always _ the reality.答案：consists of; consist in; consistent with一句多译生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。Life _ not only sunshine but also hard times.Life _ not only sunshine but
27、also hard times.Life _ not only sunshine but also hard times.Not only sunshine but also hard times _ life.答案：consists ofis made up ofis composed ofmake up2divide . into . 把分成教材原句England can be divided into three main areas.(P9)英格兰可以划分为三个主要地区。(1)divide . into 把分成(若干部分)divide up 划分；分配divide sth. among
28、/between . 在之间分配某物(2)divided adj. 分裂的；有分歧的divide( . into . )常指把某个整体划分为若干部分separate( . from . )表示“将与分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的事物分隔开来图解助记即时练2单句语法填空A sentence can _ (divide) into meaningful segments.We have decided to divide the books _ Class 1 and Class 2.The government is _ (divide) on this issue.答案：be divided
29、betweendivided用divide/separate的适当形式填空Our class is _ into two teams.Are you anxious and restless if you are _ from your mobile phone?答案：dividedseparated3take the place of 代替教材原句All of the words below can take the place of said, but they are used under different conditions . (P12)下面所有的单词都可以代替said，但它们用
30、于不同的情况take place 发生；举行(不及物动词短语，无被动语态)take sb.s/sth.s placetake the place of sb./sth. 取代/代替某人/某物in place of sb./sth.in sb.s/sth.s place 代替/取代某人/某物in place 在适当的位置；准备就绪out of place 不适当；不在适当的位置上即时练3单句语法填空The chairs for the concert were nearly all _ place.If I refused to go, they would send someone else
31、in _ place.答案：inmy单句改错Computers have taken place of typewriters in most offices._The 31st Olympic Games was taken place in Brazil in 2016._答案：taken后加thewas takentook一句多译经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。The manager will be away on business and Ill _ the meeting.The manager will be away on business and Ill _ the meet
32、ing.The manager will be away on business and Ill _.The manager will be away on business and Ill _.答案：take his place to attendtake the place of him to attendattend the meeting in place of himattend the meeting in his place4break down (机器)出故障；(计划、希望、谈判等)失败；身体垮掉；分解教材原句On my way to the station my car br
33、oke down. (P13)在去车站的路上，我的汽车坏了。break away from 脱离(政党)break in 打断(谈话)；插嘴；破门而入break into 强行闯入；撬开(汽车等)break out (战争、火灾等)爆发break through 突破；突围break up 分散；拆散；结束；(关系等)破裂即时练4写出下列句中break down的含义The car broke down on the way to the airport._Your health will break down if you work too hard._Plastic bags are di
34、fficult to break down._The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached._答案：(车辆)抛锚(身体)垮掉分解(谈判)失败用break相关短语的适当形式填空Under no condition will the Chinese allow Taiwan to _ China.The printing machines are always _， which annoys him a lot.Last night somebody _ Mr Whites house and took away a lot of thi
35、ngs.In my opinion, marriage based on money is bound to _.Scientists think they are beginning to _ in the fight against cancer.They had escaped to America shortly before war _ in 1939.答案：break away frombreaking downbroke intobreak upbreak throughbroke out1Now when people refer to England you find_Wal
36、es_included as well.(P10)翻译现在当人们谈到英格兰时，你会发现威尔士也被包含在内。(1)本句属于“find宾语十宾语补足语”结构，其中作宾语补足语的过去分词included是对宾语Wales进行补充说明，与Wales之间存在被动关系。(2)此结构中宾语补足语的形式常为：即时练1单句写作我们发现他正等着迎接我们。We _ to receive us.我发现那是一部乏味的影片。I _ film.我希望我们下次见面时，你的精神状况会更好。I hope to _ when we meet again.你可能觉得难以接受自己的疾病。You may _ your illness.答
37、案：found him waitingfound it a boringfind you in better spiritsfind it hard to accept2It looked splendid when_first_built！(P14)翻译刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌！(1)当when引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分有动词be的某种形式，这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉，省略后的部分为“when分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。(2)引导状语从句时，有类似用法的连词还有：while, once, as, as
38、if, unless, until, even if, though, if等。即时练2单句写作一旦见过它，它就不会被忘记。_， itll never be forgotten.科学家们发现所有的植物当遭受攻击时会发出特殊的气味。Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs _.如果你被录用，你会很快被通知的。_ for the job, youll be informed soon.如果有可能的话，这周末我去看我的祖父母。_， Ill go to see my grandparents this weekend.答案
39、：Once (it is) seenwhen (they are) attackedIf (you are) acceptedIf (it is) possible3It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_died in London.(P14)翻译这似乎令人不可思议：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。(1)在“It系动词形容词(strange, necessary, natural, important, etc) that .”句型中，that引导
40、的主语从句的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”。should可以省略。(2)在“It is/was suggested (ordered, recommended, required, desired, advocated, etc) that .”句型中，that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“should动词原形”，should可以省略。名师点津本句型如果描述现在或将要发生的事情，用(should) do的形式；如果描述过去发生的事情用should have done的形式。即时练3单句写作真是奇怪，他竟然做出如此愚蠢的事情。It is strange that _ such si
41、lly things.有人建议推迟这个计划。It is recommended that the plan _.答案：he should have done(should) be put off过去分词作宾补宾语补足语一般放在宾语之后，对宾语起补充说明的作用，而过去分词作宾补，一般表示被动、完成的意义，宾语是过去分词动作的对象。I noticed their car parked outside.我注意到他们的车停在外面。能用过去分词作宾补的几类动词1表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如：see, hear, watch, feel, think, find, notice, observe, lis
42、ten to等。He was about to enter the hall when he heard his name called.他正要进入大厅的时候，突然听到有人叫他的名字。2表示“使，让”意义的动词，如：make, get, have, keep, leave等。Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues amused with her stories.露西很有幽默感，常用她的故事使她的同事开心不已。重点提示“have宾语过去分词”的几种用法：(1)表示让别人做某事We had the machin
43、e repaired just now.我们刚刚让人修了这台机器。(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”等My sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月我妹妹的钱包在公交车上被偷了。(3)表示自己完成某事或自己参与完成某事Li Hua hopes that his English teacher will suggest a good way to have his English improved in a short period of time.李华希望他的英语老师推荐一个好方法，让他的英语在短期内提高。(4)表示容忍或允许某
44、人做某事，多用于否定句，常与cant, wont连用I wont have anything said against her.我不会容忍任何反对她的言论。3表示“希望，愿望或要求”等意义的词，如：want, wish, like, expect, order等。The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不想现在讨论这个问题。4用在“with名词/代词过去分词”结构中，表示宾语和宾补之间是被动关系。With the work finished, they went to the seaside for a ho
45、liday.因为工作完成了，他们去海边度假了。现在分词与过去分词作宾补的区别I found him lying on the grass just now.我刚才发现他躺在草地上。I found him surrounded by a group of boys.我发现他被一群男孩围着。即时练.单句语法填空1I would like this matter _ (settle) immediately.答案：settled2The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _ (hear)答案：heard3It was ma
46、inly for this reason that the Brazilian government decided to have a new city _ (build) 600 miles northwest of Rio de Janeiro.答案：built4When I got into the office, I found Mr Green _ (bury) in his work, without noticing my arrival.答案：buried5He lay in bed with his head _ (cover)答案：covered.单句改错1You loo
47、k different today. Have you had your hair was cut?_答案：去掉was2Do you want to have the dictionary delivering to your house or would you prefer to fetch it in person?_答案：deliveringdelivered3With so many wonderful treasures display in the museum, visitors crowded in from all over the world._答案：displaydis
48、played4Jane got her bad tooth pull out at the dentists._答案：pullpulled5When the manager came in, he found Tom smoke in the office._答案：smokesmoking基础达标演练.单句语法填空1There is nothing more _ (attract) than a genuine smile.答案：attractive2It seems strange that the boss who owns a large company _ live a simple
49、life.答案：should3It is _ (thrill) news to hear of your being appointed as CEO of your company.答案：thrilling4It is hoped that this project _ (accomplish) by the end of 2019 will be a popular tourist attraction of the city.答案：to be accomplished5_ his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happen
50、ed.答案：To6Mail order is a _ (convenient) for buyers who are too busy to shop.答案：convenience7This job doesnt pay well, but itll _ (rough) cover your daily expenses.答案：roughly8Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.答案：compared9Entering the y
51、ard, I found it _ (cover) with lots of _ (fall) leaves.答案：covered; fallen10All the afternoon he worked with the door _ (lock)答案：locked.单句改错1He broke away his family and went to live in Australia._答案：away后加from2How can you believe him? He is a man whose actions are not consistent in his promises._答案：
52、inwith3To his delighting, he got the first place in the maths exam._答案：delightingdelight4Will you be convenient to chat with me on the Internet tonight?_答案：youit5I have had my bike repair, and Im going to have somebody repair my radio tomorrow._答案：第一个repairrepaired.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1众所周知，英国由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰
53、和北爱尔兰四个国家组成。(consist of)_答案：As we all know, the UK consists of four countriesEngland, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.2英格兰是四个国家中最大的一个。(largest)_答案：England is the largest of the four countries.3英国位于欧洲西北部，英吉利海峡(the English Channel)把它与欧洲大陆分开。(separate . from . )_答案：The UK lies in the northwest of
54、Europe, which is separated from Europe by the English Channel.4它的首都伦敦是欧洲最大和最具国际特色的城市。(international)_答案：Its capital London is Europes largest and most international city.5在那里有很多旅游景点，每年吸引着来自世界各地的游客。(tourist attraction)_答案：There are lots of tourist attractions and they attract visitors from all over t
55、he world every year.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：As we all know, the UK consists of four countriesEngland, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, of which England is the largest one. The UK lies in the northwest of Europe, which is separated from Europe by the English Channel. Its capital London is Europes largest and most international city, where there are lots of tourist attractions and they attract visitors from all over the world every year.
