1、课时分层作业(二)数列中的递推(建议用时:40分钟)一、选择题1符合递推关系式anan1的数列是()A1,2,3,4,B1, ,2,2,C.,2, ,2,D0, ,2,2,B由递推公式可知符合该递推公式的数列,每一项的倍为后一项,所以只有B符合2已知数列an的前n项和Snn22n(nN),则a2a18等于()A33 B34 C35 D36Ba2S2S1(224)(12)1,a18S18S17(18236)(17234)33,a2a1813334,故选B.3已知数列an满足:a1,an1(n2),则a4等于()A. B. C D.C由题知a215,a31,a41.4若Sn为数列an的前n项和,且
2、Sn2an2,则an与an1的关系为()Aan2an1Banan1Can2an1Danan1ASn2an2,当n1时,a12a12,即a12.当n2时,anSnSn12an2an1,即an2an1,故选A.5在数列an中,a12,an1anln,则an()A2ln nB2(n1)ln nC2nln nD1nln nAan1anlnln,anan1ln,an1an2ln,a3a2ln ,a2a1ln 2.各式相加后得anlnlnlnln 2a1ln2ln n2.二、填空题6已知数列an满足a11,an2an11(n2),则a5_.31因为a11,an2an11(n2),所以a23,a37,a41
3、5,所以a52a4131.7已知数列an的前n项和Snn,则数列an的通项公式an_.1当n1时,a1S11,当n2时,anSnSn1n(n1)1.(*)显然n1时满足(*)式,an1.8用火柴棒按下图的方法搭三角形:按图示的规律搭下去,则所用火柴棒数an与所搭三角形的个数n之间的关系可以是_an2n1,nNa13,a2325,a33227,a432229,an2n1,nN.三、解答题9已知数列an的前n项和Sn分别是:(1)Snn2n1;(2)Sn2n1.求通项an.解(1)当n1时,a1S13.当n2时,anSnSn12n.a1不适合an,an(2)当n1时,a1S11.当n2时,anSn
4、Sn1(2n1)(2n11)2n1.a1适合an,an2n1.10已知各项均不为零的数列an满足a1,anan1an1an(n2,nN),求数列an的通项公式解anan1an1an,且an0,1,当n2时,22n1n1.an(n2),又n1时,a1满足上式,故an.11(多选题)已知数列an中,a12,an(n2),则下列说法正确的有()Aa2Ba2Ca2 0212Da2 0212AC法一:由已知可得,a12,a2,a32,a4,an是周期为2的数列,则a2 021a1 01021a12.法二:a2,an(n2),an2an,an是周期为2的数列,则a2 021a1 01021a12.12已知
5、数列an满足a01,ana0a1an1(n1),则当n1时,an等于()A2n B.C2n1D2n1C由ana0a1an1(n1),得an1a0a1an2(n2),两式相减得,an2an1,即2(n2),则ana1a12n1,又a1a01,an2n1(n2)又a11也适合,an2n1.13已知数列an满足a1,an1an,则an_.由条件知,分别令n1,2,3,n1,代入上式得n1个等式,即.又a1,an.14若数列an的前n项积为n2,那么n2时,an_.设数列an的前n项积为Tn,则Tnn2,n2时,an.15已知数列an中,a11,前n项和Snan.(1)求a2,a3;(2)求an的通项公式解(1)由S2a2,得(a1a2)a2,又a11,a23a13.由S3a3,得3(a1a2a3)5a3,a3(a1a2)6.(2)当n2时,anSnSn1anan1,anan1,即.ana11.又a11满足上式,an.