1、年级：高一 主备人：李景波 审核：都春元 李冬雨 Learning contents Unit4 Earthquake Grammar: The Attributive Clause教师个案学生笔记Learning aims Knowledge: Learn to use the Attributive ClauseAbility: Grasp the usages of the Attributive ClauseMoral: Teach students to learn to protect themselves in the earthquakeLearning important p
2、oints The usages of the grammarLearning difficult points The usages of the grammarLearning methods Summarizing and practicing Learning proceduresLearning procedures I.定语从句一 定义及相关术语1定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。2先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, who
3、m, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等提示： 关系词在定语从句中有三大作用1. 连接作用连接先行词和定语从句。2. 替代作用在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。3. 成分作用在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，在定语从句中代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。注意：弄清楚关系
4、词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句、选择好关系词的关键。二 关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 The professor (whom) you are waiting for has
5、come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which
6、.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The season that/which comes after spring is summer. 春天之后的季节是夏季。5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句 中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。He has a friend whose father is
7、 a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。II.定语从句：只用that引导的十三种情况1.在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。 例如： There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。 There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。 2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。 例如： This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。 Our school is no longer t
8、he school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。 3.以Here is (are)开头的句子时。 例如： Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。 Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。 4.It is (high)time +定语从句中。 例如： It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。 It is high time that they started out. 他们该动身了。 5
9、.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。 例如： This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。 She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。 6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。 例如： He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highes
10、t. 他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。 My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isnt far from here. 我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。 7.当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。 例如： This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。 The only book I want to read is missing. 我唯一想看的书不见了。 8.
11、在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。 例如： Who was it that was lost ?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。） What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？ 9.当先行词有序数词时。 例如： You are the first person that I want to ask for. 你是我要见的第一个人。 This is the second book that I have ever written.这是我写的第二本书。 10.当先行词被all, every,
12、no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时， 例如： This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。 Have you any books that are worth reading?你有值的看的书吗？ 11.当先行词既指人又指物时。 例如： The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them .我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到他们的赞美。 Lets talk about the persons a
13、nd the things that we can remember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事。 12.当先行词为anything、everything、nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something时，用which或者that均可。 例如： Everything we have seen in China is moving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。 I have nothing that is worth reading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。 13.当先行词是疑问代词who时。 例如： Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？ 温馨提示： 做定语从句试题的关键步骤： 1. 确定定语从句修饰、限定的人先行词 2. 从定语从句的句子成分着手分析，准确找出定语从句中所缺的句子成分，确定适合的关系词，即关系代词或关系副词反馈答疑