1、配北师大版 英语 必修 5 Period Three Grammar配北师大版 英语 必修 5 一、过去分词1过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，通常为及物动词的过去分词形式，表示被动和完成意义。单个的过去分词作定语时偶尔也可置于被修饰词的后面，但大多数作后置定语的过去分词形式是短语形式，作用相当于定语从句。过去分词及情态动词表猜测配北师大版 英语 必修 5 We only sell used books in our bookstore.我们的书店只卖用过的书。The lost time can never be found again.失去的时间将永远找不回来。Thi
2、ngs seen are mightier than things heard.眼见为实，耳听为虚。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 2过去分词作表语动词的过去分词形式作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。All the people present were already seated，waiting for theconference to start.所有到场的人都已入座，等着会议开始。All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动得流下泪来。Most middle school students are i
3、nterested in pop stars andNBA star players.大多数中学生对流行歌星和NBA明星感兴趣。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 3过去分词作宾语补足语作宾语补足语的动词的过去分词形式多来自及物动词，说明宾语的状态或性质，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。此时它前面的宾语就是其逻辑宾语。If you want to make yourself respected，you are above all torespect others.若要人敬己，先要己敬人。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 When will you go to the hospital and have your t
4、oothexamined？你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？When you are making a speech，you should speak louder tomake yourself heard.当你在做报告时，你应该讲得声音大点，让别人听清楚。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 4过去分词作状语过去分词作状语和现在分词一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。(1)表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。Seen from the top of the hill，the city looked like a biggard
5、en.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。Accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to thecause of the Party.入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。配北师大版 英语 必修 5(2)表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。Deeply moved by the story，the excited people stoppedquarrelling with each other.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。Encouraged by the speech，the young people made up
6、theirminds to take up the struggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定开始进行这场斗争。配北师大版 英语 必修 5(3)表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。Given another chance，he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。Compared with your brother，you should make greater effortsto study English.和你哥哥相比，你应该更加努力学习英语。If heated，water can turn into steam.水如果被加热会变成水蒸
7、气。配北师大版 英语 必修 5(4)表示让步，相当于一个though/although 引导的让步状语从句。Exhausted by the running，they went on running after therobber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶那个强盗。Laughed at by many people，he continued his study.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。配北师大版 英语 必修 5(5)表示方式或伴随情况。The old man went into the room，supported by his wife.那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走
8、进了房间。Seated at the table，my father and I were talking about myjob.我和父亲坐在餐桌旁讨论着我的工作问题。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 二、情态动词(表推测)1 肯 定 的 推 测 一 般 用 must，should，may(might)或could(不用can)，其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定，准是，想必是”；should的语气次之，译为“很可能，应该”，指按常理推测；may(might)，could的语气最弱，译为“也许，可能”。Someone must have been here last night.昨晚一定有人来过
9、。She may be still waiting for us.她可能还在等我们。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 2“情态动词have done”表示对过去的事情进行推测或评判时，不同的情态动词有不同的意义。(1)“can/could havedone”表示对过去已经发生的事进行推测；“could havedone”也可表示过去某事本可以发生却没发生。Can he have lost the book？他可能丢了这本书吗？Why didnt Mary apply for the job？She could have got it.为什么玛丽不申请这项工作？她本来是能得到的。配北师大版 英语 必修
10、 5(2)“can/could not have done”表示对过去已经发生的事情进行否定推测。She can not have been to your house；she does not know youraddress.她不可能去你家，她不知道你的地址。(3)“must have done”表示对过去的时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有“肯定”的意思。She must have gone by bus.她一定是乘公共汽车去那儿的。配北师大版 英语 必修 5(4)“ought to/should have done”表示本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做
11、了”。ought to在语气上比should要强。Yououghtto/shouldhavebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.你做这个实验时本应该更仔细些的。He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不应该把那些旧衣服扔了。(事实上已扔了)配北师大版 英语 必修 5(5)“neednt have done”表示做了本没有必要做的事情。I wore too much for the trip，but I neednt have done so.Theweather was hot.这次旅行我穿太多了，我本没有
12、必要这样做，天气太热了。(6)“might/may have done”表示可能做过某事。might 表示推测，可能性比may小。I cant find my key；I might have left it at home.我找不到钥匙了，我或许把它忘在家里了。He may have been waiting for us for an hour.他可能已经等我们一小时了。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 一、过去分词.用所给动词的适当形式填空1No one noticed him_(hide)behind the door.2I found the headmaster_(seat)at the
13、 back of theclassroom.3The road was blocked by a_(fall)tree.4Youd better have the television_(repair)配北师大版 英语 必修 5 5We were_(bore)with the directors long speech.6Some people_(invite)to the party cant come.7_(give)a chance，I can surprise the world.8Once_(lose)，the chance will never come.9We would lik
14、e to see the plan_(carry)out.10His_(frighten)shoutmadeallofus_(frighten)配北师大版 英语 必修 5【答案】1hidden 2.seated 3.fallen 4.repaired 5.bored6invited 7.Given 8.lost 9.carried10frightening；frightened配北师大版 英语 必修 5.单项填空1The island，_to the mainland by a bridge，iseasy to go to.AjoiningBto joinCjoinedDhaving join
15、ed2Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed tokeep himself _of his own dreams.AremindingBto remindCremindedDremind配北师大版 英语 必修 5 3Simon made a big bamboo box_the little sick birdtill it could fly.AkeepBkeptCkeepingDto keep4The next thing he saw was smoke _from behindthe house.AroseBrisingC
16、to riseDrisen配北师大版 英语 必修 5 5 Lookovertheretheresaverylong，windingpath_up to the house.AleadingBleadsCledDto lead6Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods intwo different supermarkets has caused heated debate amongcitizens.AcomparedBcomparingCcomparesDbeing compared配北师大版 英语 必修 5 7Passengers are p
17、ermitted _only one piece of handluggage onto the plane.Ato carryBcarryingCto be carriedDbeing carried8Even the best writers sometimes find themselves_for words.AloseBlostCto loseDhaving lost配北师大版 英语 必修 5 9_around the fire，the tourists danced with thelocal people.AGatherBTo gatherCGatheringDTo be gat
18、hering10Tom asked the candy makers if they could make thechocolate easier _ into small pieces.AbreakBbreakingCbrokenDto break配北师大版 英语 必修 5【答案】1C join与the island之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用过去分词。2C 考查“keep宾语过去分词”用法。3D 不定式作目的状语。4B rising from behind the house为现在分词短语作定语。5A 句意：看那儿有一条很长的、蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那座房子。句中leading up to
19、 the house作后置定语，修饰path，相当于定语从句which leads up to the house。故选A。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 6B 分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为has caused，故空格处应为非谓语动词形式，来充当a survey的后置定语。asurvey与compare之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词。7A 考查permit的固定搭配be permitted to do sth.(被允许做某事)的用法。8B lost for words为过去分词短语作宾语补足语。9C 现在分词表示主动，在句中作状语。10D be easy/difficult/hard后常接不定
20、式的主动形式表示被动意义。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 二、情态动词和虚拟语气单项填空1They_have arrived at lunchtime but their flightwas delayed.AwillBcanCmustDShould【答案】D 句意：他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被延误了。should have done表示“过去应该做某事(而实际上未做)”，符合句意。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 2I_sooner but I didnt know that they were waitingfor me.Ahad comeBwas comingCwould com
21、eDwould have come【答案】D 考查虚拟语气。本题表示对过去情况的虚拟。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 3Hows your new babysitter?We _ask for a better one.All our kids love her somuch.AshouldBmightCmustntDcouldnt【答案】D 句意：我们不可能找到再好的了。couldnt不可能。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 4If you_go，at least wait until the storm is over.AcanBmayCmustDwill【答案】C must表示“非要，偏偏”。配北
22、师大版 英语 必修 5 5Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule rightnow?I am afraid you _，in case he comes late for themeeting.AwillBmustCmayDcan【答案】B 由语境“时间安排发生了变化”和“万一他开会迟到”可知，此处语气较强，意为“必须现在告诉他”，故用must.配北师大版 英语 必修 5 6Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I _it，but I was busy preparing fo
23、r a job interview.AattendedBhad attendedCwould attendDwould have attended【答案】D“我本应该参加讲座”用“情态动词完成时”。配北师大版 英语 必修 5 7I dont really like James.Why did you invite him?Dont worry.He_come.He said he wasnt certainwhat his plans were.Amust notBneed notCwould notDmight not【答案】D 根据答语“Dont worry.”可知，此处应该表示“或许”不来。