1、绝密启用前南京市20202021学年度高三年级第一学期期初检测 英语试题 2020.08（满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIts generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.They recycle their garbage because they care about the envir
2、onment.They pay$5 for a caramel brulee latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.Its undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情），but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are,as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem,by observing our own behavior.We
3、can be strangers to ourselves.If we knew our own minds,why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book,we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes.Actually,we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we
4、 are.Moreover,we dont just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character-we infer characters that werent there before.Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us,which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn
5、t.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us.We should not mistakenly believethat we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make,people become what they do,though it may not be in compliance(符合）with their true desir
6、es.Therefore,we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonneguts advice:We are what we pretend to be,so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.21.According to the passage,personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to_A.determine ones behavior B.reflect one s tasteC.influence ones surroundings D
7、.result from ones habits22.Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?A.The return of a wallet can indicate ones honesty.B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old.C.One recycles plastics to protect the environment.D.One buys latte out of true love of coffee.23.What can be i
8、nferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?A.We fail to realize our inner dispositions.B.We can be influenced by outside pressures.C.Our behavior is the result of our true desires.D.Our characters can shape our social relationships.24.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A.Per
9、sonalities and attitudes. B.Preferences and habits.C.Behavior and personalities. D.Attitudes and preferences.BOne moment it was quiet and calm in the forest,the next,the air was charged with tension.The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.l urged the e
10、lephant deeper into the forest.We sounded like a forest fire-crackling,snapping,trailblazing.But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry.The elephant stopped and we heard it again-the tell-tale call of a spotted deer.I looked quickly around the shadows of the forest.Rays of sunlight shone thr
11、ough tree branches,beneath which the patchwork(交错）of green plants and shadows-within-shadows would make tiger stripes(条纹）look more attractive.Apart from an occasional noise from the elephants stomach,the forest was silent.Gradually,the tension slipped from our bodies.The elephant seized a nearby bra
12、nch and put it into her mouth.l reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephants neck;there was a soft part,free of wrinkles and hairs,behind her ear.This was my fourth time to sense the aura of the forest in Corbett, although I saw no tigers in the end.Located at the foot of the Himalaya
13、n mountains,Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers,but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabouts(出没处），a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity.Still,I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear.If I had so desperately wanted to see a tiger,l could have gone to a zoo.Afte
14、r all,spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty;tracking them can make you aware of something more.25.Which of the following was a clear signal of alarm?A.The elephant stopped. B.A spotted deer called.C.The elephant seized a branch. D.The forest was silent for a while.26.The author begins his acc
15、ount of the tour in the forest mainly by.A.describing various sounds B.comparing different animalsC.listing different activities D.introducing various plants27.What does the underlined partto sense the auramost probably mean?A.To see the diversity. B.To enjoy the scenery.C.To feel the atmosphere. D.
16、To experience the freedom.28.How does the author feel after several visits to Corbett?A.Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling.B.It is very time-consuming to travel in Corbett.C.It is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.D.The process of finding Bengal tigers is most appealing.CThe id
17、ea of being able to walk on water has long interested humans greatly.Sadly,biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid-we simply weigh too much,and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet,resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink.Howe
18、ver,several types of animals can walk on water.One of the most interesting is the common basilisk Basilicus basilicus,a lizard(蜥蜴）native o Central and South America.It can run across water for a distance of several meters,avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the waters surface with its feet.The l
19、izard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward.For humans to do this,wed need huge feet that we could bring up to our ears in order to create adequatehitting.But fortunately there is an alternative:cornflour.By adding enough of this common thickening agent to water(and it does
20、 take a lot),you can create a non-Newtonianliquid that doesnt behave like normal water.Now,if the surface of the water is hit hard enough,particles(粒子）in the water group together for a moment to make the surface hard.Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step,and you really can walk acr
21、oss the surface of an adequately thick liquid of cornflour.Fun though all this may sound,its still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice.If you must do it,then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sink-and take a shower afterward!29.Walking on water has
22、nt become a reality mainly because humans.A.are not interested in it B.have biological limitationsC.have not invented proper tools D.are afraid to make an attempt30.What do we know about Basilicus basilicus from the passage?A.It is light enough to walk on water.B.Its huge feet enable it to stay abov
23、e water.C.It can run across water at a certain speed.D.Its unique skin keeps it from getting wet in water.31.What is the function of the cornflour according to the passage?A.To create a thick liquid. B.To turn the water into solid.C.To help the liquid behave normally. D.To enable the water to move r
24、apidly.32.What is the authors attitude toward the idea of humans walking on water?A.It is risky but beneficial. B.It is interesting and worth trying.C.It is crazy and cannot become a reality. D.It is impractical though theoretically possible.DThere have always been a lot of commonly believed but fal
25、se ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some people believe that they cant help putting on weight as they get older,while others hold that if they stop exercising,their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths:I ll never lose weight-I come from a fat familyWrong!While we cant change t
26、he body type we are born with,we cant blame our genes for making us fat.Theres plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families,and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.I am fat because I burn calories slowlyWrong!Fatness is not caused by a
27、slow metabolism(新陈代谢）。In fact,although fat people consume more energy than slim people,they also fail to realize how much they eat!Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.Exercise is boringWrong!Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to
28、develop a balanced and varied program thats fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk,take a different route.If you do yoga,try a tai chi class.If you like swimming,set yourself a distance or time challenge.No pain,no gainWrong!Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed,pain is your body telli
29、ng you somethings wrong,and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly,but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If they dont,rest and seek
30、medical advice.33.What does the author think about being fat?A.It is the family genes that make people fat.B.People are fat because they consume too little energy.C.A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.D.It is the consequence of peoples unbalanced lifestyle.34.According to the au
31、thor,how can we make exercise more interesting?A.By taking varied exercise. B.By choosing simple exercise.C.By doing regular exercise. D.By sticking to outdoor exercise.35.What is the authors opinion aboutNo pain,no gainin exercising?A.Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.B.Exercise shoul
32、d be stopped if continuous pain is felt.C.Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.D.Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。W:Hello,Jack.Youre getting ready for tomorrows lessons,arent you?M:Yes,Im a
33、bit nervous.36W:I understand how youre feeling.Youll make a lot of friends very soon.M:Thank you.Ill try my best to get used to my new school life as soon as possible.37W:At 8 o clock. 38M:Say it,please.W:Before class we have 10 minutes to hand in homework and then 20 minutes for morning reading.M:T
34、hat s to say,we must get to school at 7:25.Five minutes later wed hand in homework.Right?W:Right.39M:Well.I hear that lunch time is nearly 12 o clock and I ll be starving by then.W:Dont worry.40M:Thats great.A.So I suggest you get up before 7:00.B.By the way,what time does the first class begin?C.Ho
35、w long will it take us to finish our homework?D.But there is some other suggested time you should remember.E.During the break after the second class,we can buy something to eat.F.I have no idea what ll happen in class and how Ill get along with my classmates.G.I really dont know what to do after cla
36、ss.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment.The living room was large enough for their piano.That night,the two of them 41_side by side at the piano.They played jazz music to celebrate their
37、new home.The loud 42 filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning, 43 ,their happiness disappeared.Someone had left a_ 44 under their door during the night.One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨）about the sound of the piano.Darios mother asked the building superintendent
38、(管理员）if he knew anything about it.But he said that they were all 45 people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that.Later that morning,Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 46 and apologize for their playing.Maybe we could go and 47 everyone in person,his mother said.What if we i
39、nvited them to come here for a 48 instead?Dario asked.They both loved the 49.Over the next few days,they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 50 their guests.They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带）and party lights.Finally,the day of the party 51.Some guests brought presents.Others brou
40、ght flowers.Some even brought desserts to 52.One woman,Mrs.Gilbert, 53 Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.I heard you playing the other night,she said.The sounds woke me out of bed.l 54 that you might play like this every night.So I wrote a short note.l hope you dont think I disliked
41、 the playing.Darios mother smiled at Mrs.Gilbert.I think maybe we 55 you an apology, she said.I didnt 56 how late it was when we were playing.Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.You play,you play!Mrs.Gilbert said.I like what you play!Just not so loud at night.She pointed to the book she
42、 had given them.These songs are not such_ 57 music.These songs are beautiful music,Darios mother said.We will be 58 to play them in the evening.And we wont play so loud or late!Dario said.He was already looking forward to 59 the new music.More than that,however,he was happy to see the big smile on h
43、is mothers face.It gave him a feeling of 60 and made him feel that they were home at last.41.A.satB.stoodC.layD.walked42.A.voiceB.ringC.music D.cry43.A.thereforeB.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead44.A.noteB.posterC.billD.report45.A.proudB.richC.luckyD.nice46.A.neighborsB.friendsC.relativesD.audiences47.A.
44、blameB.instructC.questionD.visit48.A.partyB.concertC.showD.play49.A.experienceB.ideaC.performanceD.action50.A.toB.withC.forD.from51.A.continuedB.arrivedC.passedD.finished52.A.orderB.sellC.shareD.advertise53.A.treatedB.presentedC.helpedD.served54.A.promisedB.admittedC.agreedD.worried55.A.giveB.sendC.
45、offerD.owe56.A.realizeB.rememberC.understandD.accept57.A.sweetB.strangeC.funnyD.loud58.A.braveB.sorryC.happyD.afraid59.A.changingB.practicingC.recordingD.writing60.A.equalityB.freedomC.warmthD.sympathy第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。M:Miss Green,do you think people could work
46、 at home instead of working in offices in future?W:Oh,yes.Its(61)h_ now.You see,the communication industry has made much progress in the(62)l_ten years.M:And how do these people manage to work?I mean,(63)w_ equipment do they have at home?W:Well,they have a TV set,a computer,a printer and a phone to(
47、64)c_ with other computers.M:I see.But surely there re some(65)a_in being able to work at home.W:Yes.Working at home,people dont have to spend a lot of time getting to and from their workplace.The rush hours,(66)a_everyone knows,are the(67)w _times of day to travel.Millions of people spend their wor
48、king lives getting up early to(68) a_ the rush hours.M:Ah,I see.What do you think(69)a_ the condition of home workers?W:OK,a British film will have(70)s _a condition here next year.第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）71.Were taking our vacation in_（七月）.72.You can get even better deals if you are prepared to_（讨价还价）.
49、73.The cards had been_（卡住）through the letterbox.74.Smith went to Chicago for_（技术）training.75.Bob is six feet in_（身高）第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）目前iPad 已成为儿童视力第一杀手，请根据下图写一篇80词左右的英语短文，内容应包括：简要描述图画内容；表明你的观点。注意：1.短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；As is shown in the picture above,_第二节 读后续写（满分25分）阅读
50、下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文More and more parents are sending their children onmicro-foreign study tours.Parents hope these tours,typically 10 to 14 days travelling through English-speaking countries such as America or the UK,will help improve their childrens language proficiency as well as provide the
51、m with a greater understanding of the local customs and culture.But while these tours aremicroin terms of time,they certainly arent micro in price.The average tour costs RMB 30,000!And just how useful are they?First of all,participating children dont have much time to study.They typically attend a f
52、ew morning lessons then travel to some world-famous universities or scenic spots in the afternoon and on the weekend.Their exposure to the local culture comes mainly during the time they stay with a local family,usually 2 or 3 days.For the rest of the tour they are withtheir Chinese classmates,almos
53、t always speaking Chinese.And on some tours, organizers take students,who are often too young to make sensible decisions,on shopping trips where theyre encouraged to buy all kinds of uselesssouvenirs.No wonder when they return,most children talk of thefun we had,andplaces we sawrather than thethings
54、 we learnt.So some parents are now having second thoughts about the value of these micro-foreign study tours.How much do they really help their children?Are they worth the money?And finally,are the tours meant for study or just for pleasure?【写作内容】1.以约30词概括上文的主要内容。2.以约120词对父母送孩子出国游学的现象进行讨论，内容包括：（1)你是
55、否赞成文中对出国游学的看法？（2)以你或他人的经历说明你的观点；（3)如果有机会，你愿意参加什么样的出国游学？【写作要求】（1)在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；（2)作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。绝密启用前南京市20202021学年度高三年级第一学期期初检测英语试题参考答案（满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟）阅读理解：21-25 AABCB 26-30 ACDBC 31-35 ADDAB七选五：36-40 FBDAE完形填空：41-45ACBAD 46-50ADABC 5
56、1-55BCBDD 56-60 ADCBC补全短文：61.happening 62.last 63.what 64.connect 65.advantages 66.as 67.worst 68.avoid 69.about70.such单词拼写：71.July 72.bargain 73.stuck 74.technical 75.height书面表达：篇目一：As is shown in the picture above,a doctor is testing the eyesight of some kids addicted to the iPad.Theyve got nearsi
57、ghted owing to using it too much. Apparently,ipad has become the first killer of kids eyesight.Honestly speaking,iPad brings a lot of convenience to our modern life. However,more and more kids become too dependent upon it,thus suffering from nearsightedness.To solve the problem,teachers and parents
58、should limit their kids time spent on it.Besides,its vital for the kids to learn to care for their eyes.In brief,as long as we ensure iPad serves us rather than spoil us,well certainly enjoy a brighter world.篇目二：反对1This passage talks about micro-foreign study tours and their expected benefits for ch
59、ildren.However,given students actual experience on such tours,many parents are now guesting their true value.I think such worries are unnecessary.Travelling abroad,whether for study or pleasure,is a good way for students to broaden their horizon and become more sophisticated.My friend David went on
60、such a tour,and said it was the most rewarding experience of his life.He attended a two-week course at Oxford University and then travelled to different parts of the UK,all of which helped him to learn more about the history,culture and society of Britain.He was so impressed by the academic atmosphe
61、re at Oxford University that he now dreams of studying there in the future.My own dream is to travel to America,attend some lectures in my dream school, Harvard University and travel to different parts of the USA with local students.This way l could have more opportunity to talk in English and learn
62、 about its life and culture.反对2This passage talks about micro-foreign study tours and their expected benefits for children.However,given students actual experience on such tours,many parents are now guesting their true value.Though expensive,I still think study tours are worthwhile.A million miles i
63、s better than a million books,the saying goes,and my experience on my own 2-week study tour of the UK confirmed this.Besides the excitement of seeing places I had only read about or seen in movies,my efforts at communicating with local people really helped to build my confidence.Visiting Cambridge h
64、as also made me determined to return there one day,but as a student.If I go abroad again,I would like to tailor my own tour.By planning the route according to my own interests,and making decisions on things such as transport and accommodations,I would be able to apply what Ive learned to real life a
65、nd learn how to survive in a foreign country.赞成More and more parents engage their children in expensivemicro-foreign study tours.However,theyve failed to see the expected results and began to question the value of these study tours.I couldnt agree more with the author.Students on such tours seldom i
66、mprove in their spoken English,gain a very shallow understanding of foreign customs,and return loaded with shopping rather than cultural enrichment.I went on such a tour myself four years ago.I still remember how other students behaved in class:they were all obsessed with their own business without
67、paying any attention to the teachers.They were quiteenjoyingforeign classrooms:whispering and laughing,reading Chinese romantic novels,playing game-boys,or just chatting online.Obviously,experiences like these dont make any educational sense.Perhaps, if tour involve students not only from China,but also from these countries,it will force students to communicate in English,which,at least in my opinion,would greatly improve their communicative English skills.