1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section The Language Points of Reading课前重点检测.重点词汇1consume (vt.) 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完consumer (n.) 消费者2graph (n.) 图表；坐标图；曲线图3random (adj.) 胡乱的；任意的4phenomenon (n.) 现象phenomena (复数)现象5subscribe (vt.) 签署(文件)；捐助 (vi.) 同意；捐赠；订阅6quantity (n.) 量；数量quality (n.) 质量7tend (vi.) 趋向；易于；照顾 (vt.) 照顾；护理tenden
2、cy (n.) 趋势8data (n.) 资料；数据9oppose (vt.) 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed (adj.) 反对的；对立的10mild (adj.) 温和的；温柔的；淡的11consequence (n.) 结果；后果；影响consequently (adv.) 因此；所以12state (vt.) 陈述；说明statement (n.) 说明；说法；表白13range (n.) 种类；范围14glance (vi.) 扫视；看一下 (n.) 一瞥15steady (adj.) 平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily (adv.) 平稳地；持续地16result_i
3、n导致17subscribe_to 同意；赞助；订阅18quantities_of 大量的19go_up 上升；增长；升起20tend_to 往往；倾向于21keep_on 持续22build_up 积累；增强23be_opposed_to 反对24come_about 发生25even_if 即使.教材原句1We depend on energy _ (do) many things in our daily lives.答案：to do2Make a list of the things _ consume energy in your home, school, or any other
4、 places you can think of.答案：that3So _ has this come about and does it matter?答案：how4There is no doubt _ the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity _ has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.答案：that; that5The problem begins when we add h
5、uge _ (quantity) of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.答案：quantities6It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere _ (cause) the global temperature to go up.答案：causing7They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted _ this increase
6、in carbon dioxide.答案：in8On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, _ are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.答案：who9They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental _ (consequence)答案：consequences1
7、0It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a _ (great) range of animalsall of _ will make life for human beings better.答案：greater; which课堂分段精讲第1段1So how has this come_about and does it matter？(教材P26)那么，这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？会产生什么影响呢？come about 发生；造成The driver wouldnt tell
8、 me how the accident came_about.司机就是不告诉我事故是怎样发生的。How_did_it_come_about_that you were an hour late?你怎么会迟到一小时？Generally speaking, magazines come_out at stated periods.一般来说，杂志定时出版。名师点津come about是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态中，常指事情不受人控制地突然发生。常用句型：How did it come about that .？“是怎么发生的？”；It came about that . “发生了”。辨析：h
9、appen, break out, take place, come about与occurhappen普通用语。指偶然、意外的，未能预见事情的发生或出现。其后接不定式或用在“It happens/happened that .”句型中续表break out指“(战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生，爆发”take place指“按计划、安排做”；可引申为“进行，举行”come about表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句中occur可指“偶然发生”，也指“计划发生某事”；occur还表示“突然想到”，常用于“It occurs/occurred to sb.
10、 that .”句型中Ill never understand how it came_about that you were late three times a week.我永远不会理解你怎么会一周迟到三次。A leap year occurs every four years.每四年出现一次闰年。【即景活用】单句写作已经10点了。我在想那么短的路途她迟到两小时是怎么回事。Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.我偶然遇见了那个正睡在桥下的孩子。I _
11、 the child sleeping under the bridge.在激烈讨论之后，我们找到了这个问题的解决方法。After a heated discussion, we _ the solution to the question.我突然想到第二天晚上将有一场中国队和韩国队的篮球比赛。It suddenly _ me that there would be a basketball match between China and South Korea the next evening.答案：came aboutcame acrosscame up withoccurred to第2
12、段2There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(教材P26)毫无疑问，地球是在转暖(见表1)，全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问剖析此句为主从复合句，名词doubt后面为that引导的两个并列的同位语从句。构成结构：There
13、 is no doubt that . “毫无疑问”。There_is_no_doubt_that the Syrians have suffered a lot from the war.毫无疑问，叙利亚人民因为战争而遭受了很多痛苦。There_is_some_doubt_whether these creatures can understand our means of communication.这些生物能否懂得我们的交流方式值得怀疑。I_doubt_whether/if he can come on time.我怀疑他能否按时来。His honesty is beyond_doubt
14、.他的诚实毋庸置疑。名师点津及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。【即景活用1】单句写作He had his doubts _ (他们是否会给) him another chance to have a try.He is _ (毫无疑问) the cleverest student Ive ever taught.Their acceptance of the contract is still _ (不确定)答案：whether they would giv
15、ewithout doubtin doubtrandom adj.胡乱的；任意的The information is processed in a random order. 信息是按随机顺序处理的。He took a book at_random from the shelf.他从书架上随便拿了一本书。【即景活用2】单句语法填空The terrorists fired into the crowd _ random.Names were chosen _ (random) from a list.答案：atrandomly第3段3All scientists subscribe_to the
16、 view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.(教材P26)所有科学家都同意这个观点，即地球温度的升高，是由于人们燃烧像煤、天然气和石油这样的化石燃料来生产能量而引起的。subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购；定期捐款给If you subscribe_to the newspaper, itll be delivered to your door.如果你订阅报纸，
17、它会被送到门口的。He subscribes_to an environmental action group.他定期捐钱给一个环保行动组织。I have never subscribed_to the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life.我从未赞同过这样的看法，认为学生时代是一生中最快乐的日子。【即景活用】单句语法填空I subscribed _ a monthly magazine.The number of phone _ (subscribe) increased last month.答案：tosubscri
18、bers4The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.(教材P26)当我们在大气层中增加了大量的额外的二氧化碳的时候，问题就来了。quantity n数量Quality instead of quantity should be focused on for the sustainable development of the industry.为了工业的可持续发展，应当关注质而不是量。Quantities_of food and tents were se
19、nt to the disaster area.大量的食品和帐篷被运到灾区。A_large_quantity_of books have been offered to us.大量的书被提供给我们。Buy vegetables in_small_quantities,_for your immediate use.蔬菜不要多买，现买现用。名师点津(1)a quantity of与quantities of后可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。(2)“a quantity of不可数名词/可数名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数依据of后名词的形式而定。“quantities of不可数名词
20、或可数名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词均用复数。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空He consumed a large quantity _ alcohol.Huge quantities of oil _ (be) spilling into the sea at present.答案：ofare(2)单句改错A large quantity of air conditioners has been sold since June._答案：hashave5It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere c
21、ausing the global temperature to go_up.(教材P26)这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理My family tend_to be quite longlived. 我家族的人大都相当长寿。His views tend_towards the extreme.他的观点趋于偏激。Doctors and nurses tended to the injured.医生和护士护理伤员。【即景活用1】单句语法填空She tends _ (get) angry when others disagree
22、 with her.A shepherd tends _ the sheep.The drug is effective but has a _ (tend) to cause headaches.答案：to gettotendencygo up 上升；增长；升起We watched the national flag go_up slowly with pride.我们自豪地注视着国旗慢慢升起。Dont go_against your parents wishes.不要违背父母的意愿。Be sure you are right, then go_ahead.确信正确，切莫畏缩。It will
23、 be wise to go_over your test paper again.还是把你的考卷再检查一遍的好。The country has gone_through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。名师点津go up为不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态中。【即景活用2】单句写作价格已经上涨到每分钟1.95美元，这超过了我的支付能力。The cost has _ $1.95 a minute. Its beyond my ability to pay.她担心没有鞋子能和她的礼服相配。She was worried about _ her dress.随着岁月的流逝，祖母
24、的身体也越发瘦弱了。My grandmother was becoming weaker _.答案：gone up tonot having shoes to go withas time went by第5段6They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted_in this increase in carbon dioxide.(教材P26)他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。result in 导致图解助记辨析：result in,
25、result from, as a result与as a result ofresult in表示“引起某种结果”，句子的主语是原因，in的宾语是结果result from意为“因而发生”，主语为结果，宾语为起因as a result意为“结果，因此”，在句中作状语，常置于句首，并用逗号和句子隔开as a result of意为“作为的结果”，即由某事引起Stress and tiredness often result_in a lack of concentration.紧张和疲劳常导致人精神不集中。The terrible accident resulted_from his care
26、lessness.那起可怕的意外事件因他的疏忽大意而引起。Tom broke his legs, as_a_result,_he was taken to hospital.汤姆的腿骨折了，因此被送进了医院。As_a_result_of her hard work, she was finally admitted to her ideal university.她勤奋苦读，终于考进了她理想的大学。He went over each number again, but without_result.他把每个数字又检查了一遍，却仍没有结果。【即景活用】单句写作导致两人死亡的事故源于粗心驾驶。Th
27、e accident that resulted _ the death of two persons resulted _ careless driving.结果，坏事变成了好事。_， the bad thing turned into a good one.这场冲突使他同时失去了住所和生计来源。_ this conflict, he lost both his home and his means of business.答案：in; fromAs a resultAs a result of 第6段7On the other hand, there are those, like Geo
28、rge Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.(教材P27)在另一方面，还有一些人，像乔治汉布利，反对这个观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中有高含量的二氧化碳。oppose vt.反对；对抗；与(某人)较量Many people are_opposed_to any change to the current legislation.许多人反对对当前立法进行任何改动。I oppose your
29、 going there alone.我反对你单独去那里。名师点津“反对/同意(做)某事”的多种表达：(1)“反对(做)某事”的表达有：be opposed to (doing) sth., oppose (doing) sth., object to (doing) sth., be against (doing) sth.。(2)“同意(做)某事”的表达有：agree to do sth., be in favour of sth., be for (doing) sth., subscribe to sth.。【即景活用】单句语法填空It was not the plan that we
30、 were opposed _.After the professor was opposed to _ (carry) out the project, the media focused on it.The effect of the medication was _ (oppose) to that intended.答案：tocarryingopposite8They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.(教材P27)他们预言说，变暖的情况不会很严重，对环境的影响也不
31、会太坏。consequence n结果；后果；影响Dont be uneasy about the consequences.不必为后果忧虑不安。We didnt have enough money to pay our bus fare, and in_consequence we had to walk.我们没有足够的钱买车票，所以只能步行。He is a man of_little_consequence in the Labour Party.他是工党中无足轻重的人物。He had been ill for a long time and consequently he was beh
32、ind in his work.他病了很久，因此耽误了功课。【即景活用】单句语法填空In _ (consequent) of his hard work, he was awarded heavily by the committee.I dont suppose it is of _ consequence now.答案：consequenceany9In fact, Hambley states,_“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will p
33、roduce more; it will encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make life for human beings better.”(教材P27)实际上，汉布利是这样说的：“二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事，它使植物生长更快，庄稼产量更高，还能促进动物的增多所有这些都能改善人类的生活。”state vt.陈述；说明The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before.该证人说他从未见过这个女人。The roads are in_a terrible
34、 state after the severe winter weather.严冬过后，这些公路的路况很差。We must pay taxes to the state.我们应该向国家交税。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空Having witnessed the accident, I thought it was my duty to make a _ (state) to the police. She wept to see him _ such a miserable state.答案：statementin(2)单句写作据称，那家医院的医疗水准在不断下降。_ that standar
35、ds at the hospital were dropping.答案：It was statedrange n种类；范围图解助记The elegant lady came within_my_range_of vision.这位优雅的女士进入了我的视野。The frontier ranges_from the northern hill to the southern coast.边界从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸。A_wide_range_of colours and patterns are available.各种颜色和样式都有。Range the cards in the order
36、of the letters.把卡片按字母顺序排列。【即景活用2】(1)单句语法填空We cant afford the house, because the price is well _ our range.She has a wide range of interests, _ (range) from playing chess to swimming.答案：beyondranging(2)单句写作这家餐馆因其提供的适合各种口味和消费水平的顾客的食物而广受欢迎。This restaurant has become popular for its _ foods that suit al
37、l tastes and pockets.答案：wide range of 第7段10Even_if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.(教材P27)即使我们开始减少二氧化碳及其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。even if引导的让步状语从句剖析本句中的从句为even if引导的让步状语从句，连接词意为“即使；尽管”。
38、Even_if/though you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys will take a long time.即使你旅行的天气理想，海上旅行所花的时间也较长。Although/Though poor, they are honest.尽管穷，但他们很诚实。While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。Try as/though he might (However hard he triedAlthough/Though he trie
39、d as hard as possible), he couldnt open the door.他想尽了办法也没能打开门。【即景活用】单句语法填空He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time to stay with his son even _ he wants to.Even _ he was getting angry, his voice remained level.答案：if/thoughthough/if11Glance quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions.(
40、教材P27)快速浏览杂志文章，并回答下列问题。glance vi.看一下；扫视n一瞥glance at 浏览Tom glanced_at/took_a_glance_at the newspaper headlines.汤姆匆匆看了一眼报纸的大标题。At_first_glance the problem seemed easy.乍一看问题似乎很容易。辨析：stare at, glance at, glimpse at与glare atstare at长时间的盯着看。有羡慕或惊奇的意思glance at匆匆一看，瞥视。看的时间短暂，强调动作glimpse at无意识的一瞥。强调结果glare a
41、t怒目而视。有敌对情绪Its rude to stare_at our guest.盯着我们的客人看是粗鲁的。The manager glanced_at the document and signed his name.经理浏览了文件，并且签了名。I glimpsed_at her among the crowd just now.刚才我在拥挤的人群中瞥见了她。The dog glared_at the stranger and barked.狗怒视着这个陌生人，狂叫着。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空She took a rapid glance _ me and lowered her e
42、yes.答案：at(2)单句写作窃贼匆匆环顾了一下，便溜进了那幢房屋。The burglar took a quick _ and then stole into the house.他一眼就看出了问题所在。He could tell _ what was wrong.答案：glance aroundat a glance课后演练提能课后演练一.完形填空Pollution has been known to exist for a very long time, and we know at least since people _1_ using fire thousands of year
43、s ago. It has seen the growth of truly global proportions only since the onset of the _2_ revolution during the 19th century. Environmental pollution is a problem both in developed and _3_ countries. Factors such as population _4_ and urbanization (城市化进程) invariably place great demands on the _5_ an
44、d stretch the use of natural _6_ to the maximum.Environmental pollution is causing a lot of distress not only to humans but also to _7_， driving many animal _8_ to endangerment and even_9_. The transboundary nature of environmental pollution makes it even more difficult to manageyou cannot build sto
45、ne walls along the _10_ of your country. Everything on our planet is interconnected. And the nature supplies us with valuable environmental services without _11_ we cannot exist. We all 12 each others actions and the way we treat natural resources.Its widely _13_ that we are hugely overspending our
46、current budget of natural resources_14_ the existing rates of its exploitation, and there is no way for the environment to _15_ in good time and continue “performing” well _16_.Perhaps we should _17_ a holistic view of natureit is not an entity that exists separately from us; the nature is us, we ar
47、e a(n) _18_ part of it, and we should _19_ it in the most appropriate manner. _20_ then can we possibly solve the problem of environmental pollution.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。污染自从几千年前人类用火的时候就开始了，19世纪工业革命时期开始突出显现。污染是无国界的，我们要用整体的观点去看待大自然，即我们是大自然的一部分，只有用最合适的方式关爱大自然，我们才可能解决污染问题。1A.finished Bstarted CstoppedDavoided
48、答案：B数千年前，人们开始(start)使用火。句意：我们知道污染存在已久，至少从人类几千年前开始使用火时。2A.industry Bindustrial CindustrialismDindustrious答案：B根据句中的时间状语及第二段中关于城市化进程的描述可知，此处表示工业革命(industrial revolution)开始时。 3.A.developing Bdevelops CpoorDrich答案：A根据常识，世界上的国家分为两类，一类是发达国家，一类是发展中国家。developing countries “发展中国家”。 4.A.rise Braise CincreaseDg
49、rowth答案：D名词短语“人口增长”有两种表达形式：population growth和increase of population。 5.A.country Bground Cplanet Dspace答案：C句意：诸如人口增长、城市化进程等因素都不可避免地对我们的星球提出了巨大的需求。planet “星球”，符合语境。 6.A.energy Bresources Csource Dstrength答案：B根据语境可知，此处表示“人类最大程度地使用着自然资源”。resource “资源”，符合语境。 7.A.animals Bplants Cpeople Dman答案：A根据空前的huma
50、ns和空后的animal可知，应选A项。 8.A.species BkindsCgroups Dsociety答案：A根据英语表达习惯及本句句意可知，species “物种”，符合题意。 9.A.existBexistence CexistingDextinction答案：D前面说“使很多动物物种处于危险中”，然后用了even说明后果更加严重，故选D项。extinction “灭绝”。 10.A.boundaryBforest Cborder Dsoil答案：C根据句意可知，环境污染的“无国界性”使它更加难以控制你不可能在国家的边界建一道道石墙。border “边界；国界”，为正确选项。bou
51、ndary “界限；分界线”，一般指在行政区域内，而不是国与国之间的界限。 11.A.that BwhichC/ Dwhere答案：B定语从句的引导词位于介词后且先行词为物时，引导词应用which。12A.take part in Battend toClook at Ddepend on答案：D上句说“自然提供给我们赖以生存的环境资源”，故此处表示“我们都互相依赖着彼此的行为和对待自然资源的方式”。depend on “依靠；依赖”，符合题意。13A.heardBrecognizedCreported Dsaid答案：B句意：我们都意识到，我们正过度挥霍大自然现有的资源。recognize
52、“意识到”。14A.byBin Cwith Dat答案：D表示“以的速度、进度”，用介词at。15A.recoverBremove CreactDrecreate答案：A根据上文语境：人类过度使用自然资源可知，人类没有方法使环境及时恢复(recover)。16A.nowadays Bin the futureCrecentlyDat present答案：B由continue “继续”可知，in the future “在将来”，符合题意。17A.express Bconvey Cadopt Dadapt答案：C本句意为：或许我们应该采取(adopt)一种整体的观点去看待大自然18A.alien
53、able BseparatedCinalienable Ddivided答案：C自然就是我们，我们是自然不可分割的一部分，所以应以最恰当的方式对待它。inalienable “不可分割的”，符合题意。19A.care forBbe careful Clook out Dtake care答案：Acare for “爱护；照顾；照料”，此处表示爱护自然环境。其余三项意为“小心”，均不符合题意。20A.Until BSince COnlyDTill答案：C本句的语序为倒装语序。在英语中以“only状语”放在句子开头时，句子要使用倒装语序。.阅读理解A(2019陕西省部分学校摸底检测)Scienti
54、sts are preparing to launch the worlds first machine to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic.The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patchabout 40,000 metric tonswithin five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together
55、giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.The system, originally dreamt up by Mr Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains est
56、imated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.Mr Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there，”
57、 he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company. Mr Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as humanity created this problem, so I think its also our responsibility to help solve
58、 it，” he says. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79,000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropesoften from illegal fishi
59、ng vessels.Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking its food but then s
60、tarve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。1What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?AWaste. BOcean.CSystem. DMachine.答案：A词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的“col
61、lect half of”，第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropesoften from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”，故选A。2Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?AFishing vessels.
62、 BDolphins and seals.CGiant tubes. DAbandoned fishing gear.答案：D细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ghost gearparts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropesoften from illegal fishing vessels.”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。3Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch di
63、e of starvation?ABecause they are killed by ghost gear.BBecause they are suffocated by ghost gear.CBecause they dont like eating plastic.DBecause they are not feeding properly.答案：D细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能真正地进食。4What
64、is the main idea of the passage?AA report about the death of marine life.BNews about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.CInformation about ocean plastic.DThe reason for inventing a machine.答案：B主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the worlds first machine
65、 to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic.”点明了文章的主题，故选B。1skeleton n. (建筑物等的)构架；框架；骨架2marine adj. 海洋的；海产的3strangle vt. 抑制；扼死4suffocate vt. (使某人)窒息而死come up with (突然)想起B(2019广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)Workers at an Indian startup company are busy cutting metal into pieces and using them to make unus
66、ual devices. Company officials say these devices will capture smoke from diesel generators and turn it into ink. Young engineers believe the technology will help to clean up the air in New Delhi, Indias capital. Its air quality is among the dirtiest in the world.People often blame the millions of ca
67、rs on the streets of New Delhi for the air pollution. But another big reason is the citys diesel generators. Industries and buildings use the huge machines to light up homes and offices during power outages. These outages often strike in the summer months.Arpit Dhupar is one of the three engineers w
68、ho set up the startup company Chakr Innovation. He says that pollution from cars and other vehicles gets all the media attention, but adds that “the silent polluters are the diesel generators”. Dhupar decided to find a way to fight air pollution three years ago. At the time, he saw a wall blackened
69、from the smoke coming from a diesel generator. This sight led to the creation of Chakr Innovation. Dhupar had personally experienced the effect of the air pollution. He developed breathing problems while growing up in Delhi. After over two years of research and development, Chakr Innovation has begu
70、n selling devices to capture pollution from diesel generators. To date， the devices have been set up in 50 places, including private businesses. The technology involves cooling the air pollution in a “heat exchanger” where the dirty particles come together. These are then moved into another area tha
71、t captures 70 to 90 percent of the particulate (微粒的) matter. The carbon is isolated from the emissions and turned into ink.In recent years, there has been a lot of talk about improving Delhis air by reducing vehicular pollution and making stronger rules for vehicle manufacturers. But the same has no
72、t happened for diesel generators. There are efforts to punish businesses that dirty the air, but this often leads to them finding ways to get around the rules. Tushar Mathur works at Chakr Innovation. He feels that turning smoke into ink is a useful solution. He calls the technology “a winwin betwee
73、n businesses and the environment”. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，通过介绍印度新德里的环境状况，向我们介绍了把烟变成墨水的一种改善环境的解决方法。5What do we know about the devices from Paragraph 1? AThey are made in a big company. BThey are cut into pieces of metal. CThey can turn dirty smoke into ink. DThey will certainly clean up the dirty air.答案：C细节理解
74、题。根据第一段第二句“Company officials say these devices will capture smoke from diesel (柴油) generators and turn it into ink.”可知，它们可以把污浊的烟变成墨水。6The air pollution in New Delhi may be the most serious in _.AMarchBJuly CSeptemberDDecember答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在新德里除了车辆所产生的污染物外，柴油发电机是空气污染的另一个重要的原因，而最后一句说明夏天是停电的高峰期，而柴油
75、发电机显然是在停电期间使用最多，可推断出夏季很可能是空气污染最严重的季节，故选B项。7What caused Dhupar to found Chakr Innovation? AThe determination to fight air pollution. BThe development of breathing problems. CThe media attention to vehicular pollution. DThe sight of a wall blackened by smoke.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At the time, he saw a wal
76、l blackened from the smoke coming from a diesel generator. This sight led to the creation of Chakr Innovation.”可知，一堵被烟熏黑的墙使Dhupar创立了Chakr Innovation，故选D项。8When the device works, how are the dirty particles gathered together? ABy cooling the polluted air. BBy isolating the emissions. CBy moving the d
77、irty particles. DBy capturing the particulate matter.答案：A细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The technology involves cooling the air pollution in a heat exchanger where the dirty particles come together.”可知，在一个“热交换器”里冷却空气污染物就能使脏颗粒聚集起来。1diesel n. 柴油机；柴油2outage n. 中断供应；电力中断1blame . for 因而责备2to date 至今；迄今为止3get around 逃避课后
78、演练二基础题.单词拼写1Many small factories in that country closed down for lack of f_.答案：fuels2He s_ that he had never seen him before.答案：stated3He is o_ to current trends in language learning.答案：opposed4The object of these experiments was to find the connection between the two p_.答案：phenomena5People t_ to ne
79、ed less sleep as they get older.答案：tend.选词填空come about, subscribe to, quantities of, go up, result in, be opposed to, even if, keep on, range from . to . , build up1How did it _ that he knew where we were?答案：come about2I _ a number of journals concerned with my subject.答案：subscribe to3Inflation may
80、be rising, if (it is) so, prices will _.答案：go up4The reform has _ tremendous changes in our country.答案：resulted in5Public opinion _ the war.答案：was opposed to6This supermarket has various things, _ food _ clothes.答案：ranging from; to7_ I have to walk all the way, Ill get there.答案：Even if8_ going till
81、you come to a red brick building.答案：Keep on9He has _ his own business.答案：built up10The police discovered _ arms hidden in the cave.答案：quantities of.单句语法填空1He would be opposed to _ (change) the plan.答案：changing2You cant always depend on others _ (help) you.答案：to help3Though he is less than one year o
82、ld, he is strong enough to walk _ (steady)答案：steadily4Those _ (trap) in the burning building managed to escape.答案：trapped5David, one of my best friends, did not subscribe _ my proposal, which, of course, made me rather disappointed.答案：to6The street was blocked as _ consequence of the heavy snow.答案：a
83、7After _ (glance) at the baby, the mother left quickly.答案：glancing8How did _ come about that the prisoner escaped from the prison?答案：it9The condition was left untreated, eventually _ (result) in blindness.答案：resulting10You should eat a little _ if you dont like the food.答案：even.单句改错1Whether he can c
84、ontinue to work in the company depends whether he can grasp the chance._答案：depends后加on/upon2It was last summer when I graduated from the university._答案：whenthat3I dont subscribe to the view which girls are slower than boys in middle school._答案：whichthat4These policies have resulted from many elderly
85、 and disabled people suffering hardship._答案：fromin5Even you are busy with your work, you should look after the child._答案：Even后加if/though能力题阅读理解AAbout 5,000 children die each day because of preventable diseases such as cholera and dysentery (痢疾), which spread when people use unclean water for drinkin
86、g or cooking. A lack of water for personal health leads to the spread of totally preventable diseases like trachoma, which has blinded some six million people.Water troubles also trap many lowincome families in a cycle of poverty and poor education and the poorest suffer most from lack of access to
87、water. People who spend much of their time on ill health, caring for sick children, or collecting water at a distance averaging 3.75 miles a day dont have educational and economic chances to better their lives.Agriculture is called the lions share of freshwater worldwide, using some 70 percent, and
88、industrial use needs another 22 percent. Water areas have no political borders and nations dont always work together to share common resources, so water can be a frequent source of international problems as well.Daybyday demand keeps growing, further needing water sources, from great rivers to groun
89、dwater. “Were going deeper into debt on our groundwater use，” Postel said, “and that has great effects on global water safety. The rate of groundwater use has doubled since 1960.”Some of Earths groundwater is fossil water created when Earths climate was far different. Today such water is as limited
90、as petrol. “But were pumping much of them out faster than ever，” Postel explained. “Mans growing thirst also causes a major problem about water and our ecosystems. And that also creates a cost to us, to our sons and to our grandsons, not just to nature.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文阐释了水资源短缺的现象及其影响。1What does the
91、 author mainly discuss in the passage?AWater shortage has been the most serious challenge.BSo many children die of polluted water every day.CDiseases should be properly controlled and treated.DWasting water leads to the unrest of the world.答案：A主旨大意题。本文讲述了目前在全世界范围内，水资源短缺给人们的健康、生活、经济等带来的问题，水资源短缺是人类面临的
92、一个重大的挑战。2Why is agriculture called the lions share of freshwater?ABecause agriculture is much stronger than industry.BBecause more people live on the agricultural produce.CBecause agriculture uses about twothirds of freshwater.DBecause nations dont always work together to save water.答案：C细节理解题。依据第三段中
93、的“Agriculture ., using some 70 percent, and industrial use needs another 22 percent.”可知，世界上的淡水大约有三分之二被农业生产耗用，即农业消耗大量的淡水资源。3According to what Postel said we can know _.Agroundwater is rich for us to useBthere is no need to dig deep for groundwaterCwe are using our next generations waterDwe should use
94、 river water instead of groundwater答案：C细节理解题。依据第四、五段中Postel的话，尤其是第五段中的“And that also creates a cost to us, to our sons and to our grandsons, not just to nature.”可知，我们正在消耗我们子孙的水资源。4What can we infer from the passage?AWe shouldnt use water from rivers.BWe should protect our ecosystems.CWater should be
95、 distributed equally.DLaws should be passed for groundwater.答案：B推理判断题。由文章尾段的“Mans growing thirst also causes a major problem about water and our ecosystems.”可推知，我们要保护我们赖以生存的生态系统。1trap vt. 使陷入困境 2.border n. 边界；国界3limited adj. 有限的1a lack of 缺少；缺乏 2.care for 照顾；喜欢3go deep into debt 负债累累B(2019河北省邢台市高三第一
96、次月考)The Shiants, remote, cliffedged islands off the coast of Scotland are home to 350,000 seabirds. This is the starting point for National Geographic contributor Adam Nicolsons new book, The Seabirds Cry. Celebrating 10 species in detail, he describes the unbelievable recovery of seabirds and the m
97、any adaptations that have enabled them to survive and navigate the oceans, while sounding a loud call for their conservation among severely falling numbers.Speaking from his home in Sussex, England, Nicolson explains why guillemot (海雀) colonies are information exchange centers; how new research is s
98、howing that those longdistance travelers, the shearwaters, “smell” their way across the globe; and what we can do to support seabird populations.National Geographic has just kicked_off Year of the Bird with a cover story by Jonathan Franzen titled “Why Birds Matter”. The beginning of Year of the Bir
99、d is beneficial to birds. Nicolson said, “Ill ask you the same questionwhy? For me, these seabirds are symbols of uniqueness. There is so much on the land where the rest of the living world seems to be controlled by us, but when you go to seabird colonies, there is this pumping, loud and raging uniq
100、ueness. Its a glance of the untouched world.”“The reason why its untouched is that, until recently, we have not controlled the oceans that the seabirds depend on. More of them have survived in greater numbers than most other creatures in the developed world, where huge amounts of the animal kingdom
101、have been removed by us. And so one reason these birds matter is that they are symbols of what the world might be if we hadnt done so much damage to it，” he added.“Seabirds also tend to disappear; theyre not reliably of our world, due to their migration and habits of life. Very deep in our conscious
102、ness is a sense that they are ambassadors from another world. And witnessing and feeling that is, I think, one of the great enlargers of life，” Nicolson explained.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是介绍了Adam Nicolson关于海鸟的研究成果及其新书The Seabirds Cry。Adam Nicolson在书中描述了这些鸟类的现状并呼吁人们加强对鸟类的保护。5What is the book The Seabirds C
103、ry mainly about?ASeabirds on an island and threats they face.BThe extinction of seabirds.CThe importance of seabirds.DSeabirds in the authors hometown.答案：A推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容及关键词“recovery of seabirds”“adaptations”“survive”“severely falling numbers”并结合书名海鸟的哭泣可知，Adam Nicolson的书主要是关于这座海岛上10种海鸟的情况及它们面临的威胁，故
104、选A。6What can we learn from Nicolsons speech?AThe wisdom of seabirds.BWays to protect seabirds.CMigration routes of seabirds.DThe harder situation of seabirds.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ . and what we can do to support seabird populations”可知，Nicolson所讲到的内容包含我们保护海鸟的方法，故选B。7What does the underlined phrase “kick
105、ed off” in Paragraph 3 mean?AWatched out for. BCut across.CExpressed. DStarted.答案：D词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“The beginning of Year of the Bird is .”可知，kicked off应与beginning意思相近，意为“开始；启动”，故选D。8Which is a lucky thing for seabirds in Nicolsons view?AThe sea is too large to be polluted.BThe sea isnt entirely g
106、overned by humans.CThe seabirds are able to fit the environment.DThe seabirds are living in the developed world.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The reason why its untouched is that, until recently, we have not controlled the oceans that the seabirds depend on.”可知，人类还没有完全控制海鸟的栖息地海洋，这是Nicolson觉得海鸟幸运的地方，故选B。1navigate vt. 驾驶，操纵2consciousness n. 意识；自觉性enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事- 33 - 版权所有高考资源网