1、科普知识类一（2014年安徽省合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测）EScientists in UK have grown a living human brain. The team at Aston University created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system.They believe it could help find a cure for worse mental conditions like Parkinsons disease. Professor Michael Coleman is lead
2、ing the research program. He explained, We are aiming to be able to study the human brain at the most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells have to be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works. The experiment involves changing cells
3、from a cancer tumour (肿瘤）and making them behave like brain cells.Although far from finished, researchers hope the false brain cells will give them a greater understanding of how real brains work. This, in turn, could significantly further research into conditions which affect the brain. Neil Hunt, c
4、hief leader of the research group, said, It is still very early days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆).The technique could also provide a way to carry on animal test and is being supported by the Humane Research Trust (HRT). The scientists pre
5、dict that over the next ten years a million people will develop dementia. Professor Coleman believes their findings could change this. He said，We hope our research will provide scientists with a new and highly relational human experimental model to help them understand the brain better and develop n
6、ew drugs to control the related disease. However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research.72. UK scientists grow a living human brain in order to _.A. study the structure of human brain B. make use of living human cell system C. discover ho
7、w human brain really works D. separate cells from a cancer tumour73. According to Neil Hunt, research into brain cells _.A. will get finished as early as possibleB. will make people discover dementiaC. will affect the brain growth in many waysD. will help to treat some diseases in nerve system74. Fr
8、om the last paragraph，we can know that _A. the technique provided by HRT is immatureB. animal tests are no longer allowed by lawC. a million people suffer from brain diseasesD. the research program lacks financial support75. The text is intended to _.A. tell us about a breakthrough in medical resear
9、chB. introduce a research program in humans brainC. introduce the progress of drugs for dementiaD. tell us about health problem in nerve system【考点】考察科普类短文【文章大意】本文介绍了英国科学家对人类大脑进行的一项研究，希望能够了解人类大脑的工作原理，为了一些精神疾病找到解决方法。72. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段2,3行We are aiming to be able to study the human brain at th
10、e most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells have to be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works.可知这个研究的目的在于研究人类的大脑是如何工作的。故C正确。73. 【答案】D 【试题解析】推理题。根据第三段最后2行Neil Hunt, chief leader of the research group, said, It is still very early
11、days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆).可知这样的研究会让我们发现一种有用的工具来研究痴呆这样的疾病。说明D项的说法是正确的。74. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章最后一句However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research可知这个研究的最大的问题就是缺少资金。故D正确。7
12、5. 【答案】B 【试题解析】目的意图题。根据文章第一段Scientists in UK have grown a living human brain. The team at Aston University created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system可知本文介绍了英国科学家进行的一项对人类的大脑的研究计划。故B正确。【长难句解析】However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which wi
13、ll slow our research.【翻译】然呢荣，现在最大的挑战是我们的资金短缺，这会减缓我们的研究。【分析】本句中含有一个that引导的表语从句that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research，that在句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已。另外句中还有一个非限制性定语从句which will slow our research，which指代前面缺少资金这件事情，在句中做主语。二（2014届河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测）CScientists have been puzzled by the
14、phenomenon that migrating birds fly not just in groups all the time, but in V formations and they have tried to figure out what benefit birds get from this particular formation. Now, a research group from University of London may have found the answer migrating birds fly in a V to save energy, accor
15、ding to a study published in the journal Nature.When a bird flaps(振翅) its wings, it stirs the air around it and causes it to move indifferent directions. Scientist found in the study that the air creates an upward-moving wave at the tips of the wings, which means that if a bird flies around the wing
16、tips of another bird, it can get a boost（抬高） from the rising air and therefore use less energy to stay in the air.Apart form the free ride strategy, scientists were also surprised to observe that migrating birds timed their wing beats and adjusted their positions in a very precise way to maximize th
17、e lifting effect while avoiding areas where the air move downward.Theyre able to sense whats going on from the bird in front, where this good air is coming from and now how to position themselves perfectly in it, lead researcher Steven Portugal told BBC.In fact, the V formation has long thought to h
18、elp birds fly more efficiently(效率搞地). A previous study showed that birds heart rates went down when they were flying together in a V formation. Jet fighters were also found to be able reduce their energy use by up to 18% by staying near the wingtips of other jet fighters. Both of these findings led
19、scientists to suspect that the V formation had an efficiency purpose, but until now they still lack proof.For scientists, the new study provides an insight into an interesting natural phenomenon. But it could mean even more for aircraft companies helping them understand how they can imitate that wit
20、h their plane formations to save fuel, said Portugal.28. What is the authors purpose in writing this article?A. To explain how birds benefit from migration.B. To introduce how migrating birds find their way.C. To tell some applications of migrating birds V formations.D. To report new findings about
21、migrating birds V formations.29. According to the recent study, when birds migrate .A. they dont change their lead birds during the whole journeyB. they fly in V formations to protect themselves against enemiesC. they form the shape of a V to make best use of the lifting effectD. the air they stir a
22、round makes it hard for the birds behind to fly fast30. What is the significance of the new study according to this article?A. It might inspire aircraft companies to think of ways to improve efficiency.B. It has proved that the V formation can improve in efficiency in many fields,C. It has led scien
23、tists to discover that birds heart rates go down when they fly in a V.D. It shows that the best formation of jet fighters in battle should be a V formation.31. The underlined word imitate in the last paragraph most probably means .A. useB. copyC. changeD. learn【考点】考察科普知识类短文【文章大意】本文介绍的是一项新的研究，是关于候鸟使用
24、V字形飞行的原因。以此对我们的飞机制造有些启发作用。28. 【答案】 D 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章主题段第一段最后一句Now, a research group from University of London may have found the answer migrating birds fly in a V to save energy, according to a study published in the journal Nature.可知本文是对候鸟使用V字形飞行的原因的研究的新的发现。故D正确。29. 【答案】 C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段Apart for
25、m the free ride strategy, scientists were also surprised to observe that migrating birds timed their wing beats and adjusted their positions in a very precise way to maximize the lifting effect while avoiding areas where the air move downward.可知候鸟按照V字形飞行是为了更好地利用鸟儿拍打翅膀带来的lifting的影响，让飞行的效率更高。故C正确。30.
26、【答案】 A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后2行. But it could mean even more for aircraft companies helping them understand how they can imitate that with their plane formations to save fuel, said Portugal.可知飞机制造商可以利用这一研究结果来提高飞机飞行的效率。故A正确。31. 【答案】 B 【试题解析】猜测词义题。根据本句But it could mean even more for aircraft companies helpi
27、ng them understand how they can imitate that with their plane formations to save fuel, said Portugal.可知这一新发现能够帮助那些飞机制造商，更好地理解他们如何模仿鸟儿的这一飞行特点来改造飞机以节省燃料。该该词是指“模仿”，故B正确。【长难句解析】Scientists have been puzzled by the phenomenon that migrating birds fly not just in groups all the time, but in V formations an
28、d they have tried to figure out what benefit birds get from this particular formation.【翻译】科学家对于这一现象感觉很困惑，候鸟飞行的时候不仅仅是一直都是一群鸟儿一起飞而且是按照V字形在飞行。他们一直都想知道从这种特殊的飞行模式中鸟儿能够得到什么样的好处。【分析】本句中有一个同位语从句that migrating birds fly not just in groups all the time, but in V formations，对前面的名词the phenomenon进行解释说明，that在这个同位
29、语从句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已。同时动词figure后面还有一个由what引导的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中做主语。三（2014年山东日照市高三校际联合检测）EThe preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread，and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources
30、Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extentTo contain forest fires，fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂)that can be dropped from planes and helicoptersTo control the spread of a wildfirefirefighters usually
31、 create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across itControlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup，and clean up the fallen leaves，and thus，prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast areaRegular controlled burns can
32、also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性)，as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进)the growth of seeds of certain plant speciesApart from these，responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extentIn fact，we can reduce the number of wildfires dra
33、matically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent，besides causing severe damage to valuable treesWildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide，etc)，and therefore increase pollution and glo
34、bal warmingHowever, they are also an important part of the ecosystem，and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproductionBut large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem，which again highlights the importance of effective control and pre
35、vention of forest fires61What may be the best title for this passage?AControl and Prevention of Forest FiresBHow to Keep Ecological BalanceCEffects of Forest FiresDMethods of Fire Spread Control62Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to _Akeep close monitoring of forest firesBprevent
36、 the forest fire from occurringCprotect the animals thereDstop the wildfire from spreading63The government arranges some controlled burns to_Aburn the rubbish and keep the forest cleanBhelp keep ecological balance of natureCreduce fuel buildup and limit forest fires spreadDprovide reasonable conditi
37、ons for some plantsgrowth64A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because _.Aa new forest will appear soonBit promotes the development of some seedsCnature keeps its balance only by wildfiresDit makes the trees grow faster than before65The last paragraph tells us that _Athe greenhouse gas
38、es are caused mainly by wildfiresBwildfires have both positive and negative effectsCpeople should be aware of the necessity of wildfiresDall the valuable trees disappear owing to wildfires【考点】考察科普知识类短文【文章大意】森林火灾预防有助于减少损失，确保生态平衡。森林火灾的危害不言而喻，但控制的燃烧既有助于控制火灾损失，还有助于保持生物多样性。61. 【答案】A 【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一
39、段The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread，and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources可知文章从对林火的预防和发生后如何控制两方面做了介绍，所以A项最能全面概括文章内容。62. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节理解题。从文章第一段最后一句“control the
40、 spread of a wildfire, firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.”得知消防人员清除掉所有的可燃物是为了阻止火势的蔓延。故D正确。63. 【答案】C 【试题解析】 细节理解题。从第二段“and thus, prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area”得知政府这样做是为了阻止森林大火向其他地区的蔓延。故C正确。64. 【答案】B
41、 【试题解析】细节理解题。从第二段“controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity”以及最后一段“and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction”得知在某种程度上很多植物从大火中得到了一定的好处。故B 正确。65. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理归纳题。该段介绍了林火的危害：affect climate and weather，increase the level of greenho
42、use gases，cause extensive damage to the ecosystem等；但也有积极的一面：they are also an important part of the ecosystem。所以B项客观得对forest fires做了表述。【长难句解析】1.To contain forest fires，fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂)that can be dropped from planes and helicopters【翻译】为了控制森林火灾，防火部门经
43、常使用水火灾从飞机或者直升飞机上喷洒的化学物质大火抑制剂。【分析】本句中的不定式to contain forest fires在句中做目的状语，另外本句中有一个定语从句that can be dropped from planes and helicopters修饰前面的先行词chemical fire retardants。2. But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem，which again highlights the importance of effective control and preven
44、tion of forest fires【翻译】但是猛烈的野火会对生态系统带来更深层次的破坏，这又一次说明了控制与预防森林火灾的重要性。【分析】本句中的定语从句较为特殊，which指代前面一句话的内容，在后面的非限制性定语从句中做主语，是不能省略的。同时这里的which也不能换成that，因为that是不能引导非限制性定语从句的。四（2014届河南省豫东、豫北十所名校高三英语阶段性测试）B Caffeine not only gives us a daily jump start, but new research suggests it also can strengthen long-te
45、rm memory. According to the US Food and Drug Administration, nearly 90 percent of people worldwide consume about 200 milligrams of caffeine each day. That s equivalent to about one strong cup of coffee a day. Writing in Nature Neuroscience , Johns Hopkins University researchers say their findings sh
46、ow that caffeine strengthens certain memories for up t0 24 hours after being taken in. Weve always known that caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects (促智效果) , but its ,particular effects on strengthening memories and making them resistant to forgetting has never been examined in detail in humans, s
47、aid senior author of the paper Michael Yassa. We re- port for the first time a specific effect of caffeine on reducing forgetting over 24 hours. Conducting a double-blind trial, the researchers worked with a test group of people who didnt regularly consume caffeinated products. Five minutes after st
48、udying a series of images, the test subjects were given either a placebo(无效对照剂) or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet. To check the caffeine levels of their test subjects, the research team took saliva samples (唾液样品) from them before they took their tablets and again one, three and 24 hours after- ward
49、s. Both groups of test participants ( those who took the placebo and those who took the caffeine tablet) were tested the following day to see if they could recognize the images they d seen the previous day. The test included showing the test subjects another series of images that included some new i
50、mages , those that were shown the previous day, as well as other images that were similar, but not the same as those they had viewed earlier. The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new images as similar to
51、previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same. We also know that caffeine is associated with health and longevity(长寿) and may havesome protective effects from cognitive decline like Alzheimer s disease (阿尔茨海默症). said Yassa. 25. The purpose of the new research is A. to
52、 survey how much caffeine people consume a day B. to write the paper Nature Neuroscience C. to prove caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects D. to examine caffeine s memory-strengthening effects in detail 26. During the research ,the researchers did the following things EXCEPT A. giving the test su
53、bjects placebos or caffeine tablets B. checking the caffeine levels of the test subjects C. encouraging the test subjects to drink more coffee D. showing the test subjects series of images 27. How did the test subjects show the caffeine s memory-strengthening effects? A. By recognizing images they d
54、 seen the previous day. B. By taking the caffeine tablets instead of placebos. C. By identifying the new images as the same. D. By telling the differences between new images. 28. What will the next part of the text possibly talk about? A. Ways to achieve health and longevity. B. The effects caffeine
55、 has on health. .C. The treatment for Alzheimer s disease. D. The harmful effects of cognitive decline.【考点】考察科普知识类阅读【文章大意】本文主要叙述了一个实验来证明咖啡因对人的长期记忆的积极影响。25. 【答案】D 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段Conducting a double-blind trial, the researchers worked with a test group of people who didnt regularly consume caffeinat
56、ed products. Five minutes after studying a series of images, the test subjects were given either a placebo(无效对照剂) or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet. 可知这次试验只是为了检验咖啡因对于长期记忆的影响。故D正确。26. 【答案】C 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第二段the test subjects were given either a placebo(无效对照剂) or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet可知A是试验
57、内容。根据文章第4段To check the caffeine levels of their test subjects, the research team took saliva samples (唾液样品) from them before they took their tablets and again one, three and 24 hours after- wards.可知B是试验的内容。根据Both groups of test participants ( those who took the placebo and those who took the caffein
58、e tablet) were tested the following day to see if they could recognize the images they d seen the previous day.可知D项是试验内容。只有C项在文章里没有提及。27. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数第二段The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new
59、images as similar to previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same.可知研究人员主要是通过让参加试验的人来辨认之前给他们看见的照片来检验咖啡因对人的长期记忆的影响的。故A正确。28. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段第一行We also know that caffeine is associated with health and longevity(长寿)可知咖啡因对于人的健康也有影响，那么在下面一段一个展开讨论这个话题。故B正确。【长难句解析】
60、The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new images as similar to previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same.【翻译】研究人员分析被给含有咖啡因胶囊的那一组里更多的成员能够准确辨认与先前所给的相似形状的形象而不是错误地认为她们是一样地。【
61、分析】本句中动词found后面接的是宾语从句，宾语从句中含有定语从句who were given the caffeine tablets；介词短语rather than后面接动名词短语identifying them as the same。五（黑龙江省佳木斯市第一中学2014届高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试卷）om%CLosing weight comes with a lot of health benefitsincluding making your brain sharper.Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitiv
62、e functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, accor
63、ding to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memor
64、y and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin
65、 with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didnt lose
66、 weight dropped even further.The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that hes seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional wayeating
67、healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.28. There is less research on
68、overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _.A. believe overweight only affects our bodyB. have focused on ways to sharpen peoples mindC. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive abilityD. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions29. The result of
69、Gunstads study shows that _.A. losing weight has little effect on peoples memoryB. losing weight can improve peoples mental functions C. overweight people are likely to have psychology problems D. overweight peoples abilities of concentration differ greatly30. What is Gunstad planning to prove next
70、in his research?A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people.B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.C. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.D. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.31. Which of the following is the best title for the
71、 text?A. Body Weight and HealthB. Losing Weight by OperationC. Ways to Improve Mental FunctionsD. Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind【考点】考察科普类短文阅读 【文章大意】本文告诉我们减肥也会给我们带来很多的好处，也会让我们的大脑更为敏锐。并通过一个实验来证明这一点。28. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段2,3行. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning,
72、possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance.可知可能是因为人们不认为肥胖是认知功能缺陷的一个原因，所以才没有进行这样的研究。故C项说法正确。29. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段最后3行At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or abo
73、ve average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didnt lose weight dropped even further.可知那些减肥的人在后来的测试里提高了自己的成绩，都高于平均水平。而那些没有减肥的人的成绩却下降地更快。说明减肥可以提高人们的认知功能。故B正确。30. 【答案】D 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数3,4行, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional wayeati
74、ng healthier and getting more active可知吃得更为健康，同时行动上更为积极会让我们的精神更为健康。说明在接下来的文章中可能会讨论这个话题。故D正确。31. 【答案】D 【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主题段第一段Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefitsincluding making your brain sharper.可知减肥也会给我们带来很多的好处，也会让我们的大脑更为敏锐。故D正确。【长难句解析】Now that hes seen the positive effect that weight
75、 loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional wayeating healthier and getting more active.【翻译】既然他已经看见了减肥对于记忆力和注意力的积极影响，他说在下一个研究中他将研究那些那些使用传统方法减肥的人，传统方法也就是吃得更健康并且多锻炼。【分析】本句中的连词now that既然，引导的是一个原因状语从句，本从句中有一个定语从句that weight loss c
76、an have on memory and attention修饰前面的先行词effect；后面的主句中也有一个定语从句who choose to lose weight by the traditional wayeating healthier and getting more active.修饰先行词those。六（天津市河东区201 4年高三二模考试）C Sometime in the next century, the familiar early-newspaper on the front porch (门廊) will disappear. And instead of rea
77、ding your newspaper, it will read to you. Youll get up and turn on the computer newspaper just like switching on the TV An electronic voice will distribute stories about the latest events, guided by a program that selects the type of news you want. Youll even get to choose the kind of voice you want
78、 to hear. Want more information on this brief story? A simple touch makes the entire text appear. Save it in your own personal computer if you like. These are among the predictions from communication experts working on the newspapers of the future. Pictured as part of broader home-based media and en
79、tertainment systems, computer newspapers will unite print and broadcast reporting, and offer news and analysis with video images of news events. Most of the technology is available now, but convincing more people that they dont need to read a newspaper is the next step. But resistance to computer ne
80、wspapers may be stronger from within journalism. Since it is such a cultural change, it may be that the present generation of journalists and publishers will have to die off before the next generation realizes that the newspaper industry is no longer a newspaper industry. Technology is making the en
81、d of traditional newspapers unavoidable. Despite technological advances, it could take decades to replace newsprint with computer screens. It might take 30 t0 40 years to complete the changeover because people need to buy computers and because newspapers have established financial interests in the p
82、aper industry. 46. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of computer newspapers? A. They are cheaper than traditional newspapers. B. They are more convenient to read. C. You can choose the kind of voice you want to hear. D. You can easily save information for future use.47. Which of the followi
83、ng is a reason why it will take a long time to complete the changeover? A. The technology is impossible now. B. Computer newspaper s are too expensive. C . The popularization of computers needs a long time. D. Traditional newspapers are easier to read.48. It can be inferred that journalists are agai
84、nst computer newspapers because _ . A.they dont know how to use computers B. they think computer newspapers take too much time to read C. they think the new technology is bad D. they have been trained to write For traditional newspapers49. We can infer from the passage that A. all technological chan
85、ges are good B. new technologies dont always replace old ones C. new technologies will eventually replace old ones D. traditional newspapers are here to stay for another century50. What is the best title of the passage? A. Computer newspapers are well liked. B. Newspapers of the future will be on th
86、e computer. C. Newspapers are out of fashion. D. New communications technology.【考点】考察科普知识类阅读 【文章大意】本文主要叙述的是下个世纪的报纸的变化，由现在的纸质变成了未来的电脑屏幕。以及人们对于这一技术的态度。46. 【答案】A 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第二句And instead of reading your newspaper, it will read to you.可知未来的电脑报纸很方便。所以B正确。根据第4行Youll even get to choose the kind of voic
87、e you want to hear.可知C正确；根据5,6行Save it in your own personal computer if you like.可知D项正确。只有A项在文章里没有提及。47. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段Despite technological advances, it could take decades to replace newsprint with computer screens. 和because people need to buy computers and because newspapers have establi
88、shed financial interests in the paper industry.可知完成这个转变的主要困难是电脑的流行需要较长的时间。故C正确。48. 【答案】D 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段Since it is such a cultural change, it may be that the present generation of journalists and publishers will have to die off before the next generation realizes that the newspaper industry is no
89、 longer a newspaper industry. Technology is making the end of traditional newspapers unavoidable可知来自记者的抵制是因为现在的记者习惯于传统的报纸，对于新技术有抵触。故D正确。49. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段最后一句Technology is making the end of traditional newspapers unavoidable可知技术的革命是无法避免的。也就是说新技术最终将取代就技术。故C正确。50. 【答案】B 【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要叙述的是下个
90、世纪的报纸的变化，由现在的纸质变成了未来的电脑屏幕。以及人们对于这一技术的态度。故B正确。【长难句解析】Pictured as part of broader home-based media and entertainment systems, computer newspapers will unite print and broadcast reporting, and offer news and analysis with video images of news events.【翻译】作为家庭媒体娱乐系统的一部分，计算机报纸将把印刷和广播结合在一起使用视频图像来显示新闻和分析。【分
91、析】本句中的动词picture与主句主语computer newspapers构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语作定语。如果动词和名词构成主动关系就使用现在分词做定语。七（2014重庆一中高三下第三次月考）DScientists have long puzzled over how iguanas, a group of lizards(蜥蜴) mostly found in the Americas, came to live in the isolated Pacific islands of Fiji and Tonga. Some scientists used to supp
92、ose that they must have traveled there on a raft, a journey of around 5,000 miles from South America to the islands. There are documented cases of iguanas reaching remote Caribbean islands and the Galapagos Islands on floating logs. But new research in January by Brice Noonan and Jack Sites suggeste
93、d that iguanas may have simply walked to Fiji and Tonga when the islands were still a part of an ancient southern supercontinent. The ancient supercontinent was made up of present-day Africa, Australia, Antarctica and parts of Asia. If thats the case, the island species would need to be very old. Us
94、ing “molecular (分子) clock” analysis of living iguanas DNA, Noonan and Sites found that, sure enough, the lineage of iguanas has been around for more than 60 million yearseasily old enough to have been in the area when the islands were still connected by land bridges to Asia or Australia. Fossils (化石
95、) uncovered in Mongolia suggest that iguanid ancestors did once live in Asia. Though theres currently no fossil evidence of iguanas in Australia, that doesnt necessarily mean they were never there. “The fossil record of this continent is surprisingly poor and cannot be taken as evidence of true abse
96、nce,” the authors write. So if the iguanas simply walked to Fiji and Tonga from Asia or possibly Australia, why are they not also found on the rest of the Pacific islands? Noonan and Sites say fossil evidence suggests that iguana species did once inhabit other islands, but went extinct right around
97、the time when humans settled in those islands. But Fiji and Tonga have a much shorter history of human presence, which may have helped the iguanas living there to escape extinction. The researchers say that their study cant completely rule out the rafting theory, but it does make the land bridge the
98、ory “far more reasonable than previously thought.”48. What did some scientists previously believe about the iguanas? A.They were once discovered in America. B. They traveled by raft to Fiji and Tonga. C.They could survive in poor living conditions.D. They moved to Fiji and Tonga from Australia.49. A
99、ccording to Noonan and Sites, 60 million years ago _. A. the land of the world was a supercontinent B. Fiji and Tonga were connected to Asia or Australia C. Africa, Australia and America were a continent D. iguanas walked to Fiji and Tonga from Africa50. The underline word “lineage” in Paragraph 2 p
100、robably refers to _. A.conditions in which creatures can surviveB. the change in ancient plants and animals.C. the line of generations of an ancestor D. the habitat of a type of an ancient animal 51. What is the main topic of this passage? A. The life span of animals living on the ancient superconti
101、nent. B. The two islands being home to several iguana species in the Pacific region.C. The fossil evidence suggesting iguanas ancestors swimming to Fiji and Tonga D. By raft or by land how did iguanas reach the tiny Pacific islands?【考点】考察科普知识类阅读【文章大意】本文主要讲述了lizards在世界上很多地方都可以找到。尤其是在一些与世隔绝的太平洋里的岛屿之上。
102、文章中对于这个现象进行了研究，分析了多种可能性。48. 【答案】B 【试题解析】细节题。根据第一段2,3,4行Some scientists used to suppose that they must have traveled there on a raft, a journey of around 5,000 miles from South America to the islands.可知以前科学家认为蜥蜴是通过筏子等工具到达斐济和汤加的。故B正确。49. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段最后2行more than 60 million yearseasily old en
103、ough to have been in the area when the islands were still connected by land bridges to Asia or Australia.可知他们认为在6千万年前，蜥蜴居住的地方通过大陆桥和亚洲，澳大利亚是连接在一起的。故B正确。50. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据本句Noonan and Sites found that, sure enough, the lineage of iguanas has been around for more than 60 million yearseasily old eno
104、ugh to have been in the area when the islands were still connected by land bridges to Asia or Australia.可知他们认为蜥蜴从6千万年前一直存在了，就生存在通过大陆桥和亚洲或者澳大利亚相连接的地方。所以the lineage 指C项某一个动物的祖先的血统。故C正确。51. 【答案】D 【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了lizards在世界上很多地方都可以找到。尤其是在一些与世隔绝的太平洋里的岛屿之上。文章中对于这个现象进行了研究，分析了多种可能性。故D正确。【长难句解析】Scientists
105、 have long puzzled over how iguanas, a group of lizards(蜥蜴) mostly found in the Americas, came to live in the isolated Pacific islands of Fiji and Tonga.【翻译】很久以来科学家一直都很困惑一种通常在美洲被发现的蜥蜴如何来到与世隔绝的太平洋上的斐济和汤加岛上生活。【分析】本句中介词over的后面含有一个宾语从句how iguanas, a group of lizards(蜥蜴) mostly found in the Americas, came to live in the isolated Pacific islands of Fiji and Tonga.这个宾语从句里有一个过去分词短语mostly found in the Americas用来修饰前面的名词iguanas, a group of lizards。