1、1boast v(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)boaster n自夸者boastful adj.自夸的boastfully adv.自夸地；浮夸地2religion n宗教religious adj.宗教的religiously adv.虔诚地3heaven n天国heavenly adj.天国的4strong adj.强壮的strongly adv.强有力地strength n力量strengthen v加强1peak n山峰；高峰，顶点adj.高峰时期的，巅峰状态的v.达到最高峰，达到最高值The climbers made camp halfway up the peak.n.山
2、峰Mary is at the peak of her career.n.高峰Its always crowded at peak times.adj.最繁忙的/高峰时期的When something peaks, it reaches its highest value or its highest level.v.达到最高峰2coverage n覆盖范围；新闻报道；(保险公司的)保险Immunization coverage against fatal diseases has increased to 99% in some countries.覆盖范围The incident has
3、received wide coverage in the press.新闻报道Some young Americans lack effective or affordable insurance coverage.保险Words and Phrases知识要点1look up向上看；查找；好转(教材原句P26)If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks.如果你抬头观看，你会看到壁画和其他的艺术作品例He turned his face to look up at the sky in a carefree man
4、ner.他仰首望着天，做出一副无忧无虑的神情。知识拓展look up to尊敬look into调查look through浏览look down upon/on轻视，瞧不起look forward to doing盼望做某事即学即练单句语法填空I looked your address up in the personnel file.He has promised to look into the matter.We shouldnt look down upon the disabled.Look through newspapers every day and you can know
5、 more latest information.I now look forward to going back to work as soon as possible.知识要点2vary vi.变化；不同vt.变更；改变(教材原句P26)The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.敦煌壁画的主题从宗教故事到日常生活的场景各不相同。例The heights of these plants vary from 8cm to 20cm.这些植物的高度从8厘米到
6、20厘米不等。知识拓展(1)vary with随而变化vary from不同于vary in在方面不同/有差异vary from.to.由到不等/不同(2)variety n.变化；多样性；种类a variety ofvarieties of各种各样的(3)various adj.各种各样的；不同的(4)variously adv.以各种方式；不同地名师点津a variety of/varieties of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the variety of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The school library provi
7、des a variety of original works，hoping they will meet the needs of different students.Changes in price normally vary with changes of supply and need.Though Lucy and Lily are twins，they vary in character.The variety of foods at the restaurant is (be)limited，but the amount of each dish is fairly large
8、.I like reading very much，especially the story books, varying from ancient stories to modern stories (从古代故事到现代故事)小片段填空America is regarded as a melting pot，where exist a variety of ethnic and cultural groups with various customs.Sometimes peoples customs can vary with time.(vary)知识要点3(教材原句P27)Dating
9、from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝清楚地向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。(1)date from起源于；追溯到例Jane likes collecting stamps very much.In fact, her interest in it can date from her schooldays.简非常喜欢
10、集邮。事实上，她的这个兴趣可以追溯到她的学生时代。知识拓展(1)date fromdate back to起源于；追溯到(2)set a date for确定的日期have a date with sb.与某人约会out of date过时的up to date现代的；最新的名师点津date from和date back to这两个短语，通常使用一般现在时，没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The old town dates(date) back to the late seventeenth century.The fact is t
11、hat your passport has been out of date，so you cant use it.Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to date with modern technology.This city dating back to Roman times(追溯到罗马时期的)attracted many visitors.(2)hidden adj.秘密的；隐秘的；隐藏的例She felt sure the letter had some hidden meaning.她确
12、信那封信中有言外之意。知识拓展(1)hide sth.from sb.向某人隐瞒某事hide sth.in/under/behind.把某物藏在里面/下面/后面(2)hiding n.躲藏；隐藏名师点津hiding和hidden作定语时意思不同：a hiding place“一个藏身处”；a hidden place“一个秘密/隐秘的地方”即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Generally, the artist has a secret message hidden(hide)within his works.My mother put the beautiful basket safely
13、in some hiding(hide)place I couldnt find.Maybe there is something that she is trying to hide from me(她设法对我隐瞒)小片段填空The little girl had much difficulty hiding the truth from her parents，so she found a hiding place in the trees to keep herself hidden from them.(hide)知识要点4(教材原句P27)However，the reason why
14、 the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains a mystery.然而，藏经洞被尘封那么多年的原因依然是个谜。(1)reason n原因；理由 v推理；推论例I cant think of any reason why he should do that.我想不出来他为什么非要那样做。知识拓展(1)the reason why.is that.表示“的原因是”， 其中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。the reason that/which.表示“的原因”， that/which引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主
15、语或宾语。the reason that.表示“的原因”， that后接同位语从句，解释其内容。the reason for的原因(2)reason with和理论(或讲理)(3)reasonable合情合理的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The reason why we choose this movie is that it represents the development of our beloved country.Thats the reason why more and more people are interested in the Tang Dynasty(为什么越来越
16、多的人对唐代感兴趣)(2)remain v仍然是，保持不变v.剩余，遗留，继续存在；逗留，不离去；仍需去做(或说、处理)例Some data in the report show that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives.这份报告中的一些数据显示，阅读仍然占据着许多孩子生活的一大部分。知识拓展(1)remainn./adj./ed/ing/介词短语等There remains/remain.还有remain to be done尚待，有待It remains to be seen.尚不确定(it是形式主语)(2)remain
17、ing adj.剩下的，剩余的；还需处理的remains npl.残余物，剩饭菜；遗迹；遗骸即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子There remains (remain)a certain doubt among people as to the practical value of the project.It remains to be seen (see)whether the operation is successful or not.They are cleaning up the remains (remain) of their picnic.The remaining(rema
18、in) twenty patients were transferred to another hospital.Much remains to be done(有待于去做)Very little of the house remained(这所房子所剩无几) after the fire.知识要点5bring.to life使复苏；(使)变得生动；(使)变得有趣(教材原句P27)This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.本世纪通过“一带一路”倡议，
19、丝绸之路重获生机。 例The cold, hard cruelty of two young men is vividly brought to life in this true story.这个真实的故事把两个年轻人的冷酷残忍刻画得入木三分。知识拓展bring about引起；导致(事故、变化等)bring back使某物恢复；使回忆起某事bring down使降低；使倒下bring in引入；赚得；挣得bring out使显现出；取出；阐明；出版即学即练单句语法填空The sale of the house only brought in about $45，000.A new coll
20、ection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.An old milk box I saw in the countryside brought back my childhood memories.Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.知识要点6(教材原句P27)Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural
21、 exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.鉴于本次博览会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家文化交流和相互协作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。(1)given adj.已经安排好的；规定的；指定的；所述的；特定的prep.考虑到；鉴于例Given his age, hes remarkably active.考虑到他的年龄，他已是相当活跃的了。知识拓展(1)be given to sth./to doing sth.经常做；
22、习惯于(2)give back归还；使恢复give in (to)屈服；让步；交上give off发出(气味、光、热)；散发give out分发；用完；耗尽；发布give up放弃；认输give way to给让路/让步；被代替即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The burning rubbish gave off poisonous gas，which is harmful to our health.They wouldnt give out any information(透露任何消息)Hes given to going for long walks on his own(独自长距离散步
23、)(2)strengthen v加强；增强；巩固例The publication of Great Expectations，which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.远大前程的出版得到了广泛评论和高度赞扬，巩固了狄更斯作为一名一流小说家的地位。知识拓展(1)strengths and weaknesses优势和劣势build up ones strength增强体质have the strength to do sth.有做某事的力量
24、with all ones strength竭尽全力(2)strength n.体力，力气；长处，优势；力量；毅力strong adj.强壮的；坚强的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen(strength) your leg muscles，avoid hills and get good running shoes.Every morning Im working out to build up my strength(增强体质)小片段填空We s
25、trongly feel that many factors determine whether we can succeed in our life and careers，including a strong body and a good personality.Knowing our strength is also very important.But the most important is to strengthen the ties with the people around us.(strength)Sentence Patterns重点句式1介词短语置于句首的倒装句式(
26、教材原句P27)In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries.在一个密封的洞里，也就是闻名的“藏经洞”里，珍藏了数以万计的手稿、绘画、经卷，还有丝质刺绣。句式分析：本句的正常语序是：Thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries were hidden
27、in a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave.例1Out of the yard came running a big dog, which barked fiercely.院子里跑出一条大狗，叫得很凶。例2Into the dark house walked my sister，who was quite surprised when we shouted Happy Birthday.我妹妹走进了黑暗的房间，当我们喊生日快乐时，她很惊讶。知识拓展(1)out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there
28、等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。(2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。(3)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也用完全倒装，即“形容词/分词系动词主语”结构。(4)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。名师点津(1)此类用法中的谓语动词一般为be动词或lie，come，go，stand等动词，且句子的主语为名词。(2)如果句子的主语为人称代词，不用倒装语序。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Between France and Spain is (be)another mountain rangethe
29、 Pyrenees.Gone are(be)the days when we used foreign oil.他跑得快得能跟上自行车。So fast is he running that he can keep up with the bike在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西。Among the goods are books，exercisebooks, pens and some other things重点句式2so.that 引导的结果状语从句(教材原句P27)The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast r
30、ange of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few.这些卷轴如此详细，向我们清楚地描述了进出敦煌的大量货物，比如：陶器、药物、香水和水果，这里仅举几例。句式分析：本句是so.that.引导的结果状语从句。例1It is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.天太冷了，你不能外出，除非穿上厚厚的衣服。
31、例2There was so much noise outside that we couldnt concentrate on our study.外面嘈杂声很大，以致我们不能全神贯注地学习。知识拓展引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that，so.that.，such.that.。在非正式语体中，由so.that.，such.that.引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构：名师点津当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，用以强调形容词和副词。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him
32、.So bright was the moon (在如此明亮的月光下)that the flowers were bright as by day.它是一只小狗，它不能够跑得快。It is such a little dog that it cant run fast.他挣这么少的钱，不能养活一家人。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.重点句式3倍数表达方法(教材原句P27)In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as pro
33、sperous as it used to be.到了明代，随着贸易路线的变迁，敦煌不再像以前那样繁荣了。句式分析：本句是用了as.as 的结构表达倍数。例1That is to say，there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。例2The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。知识拓展常见表示“倍数”的句型：(1)倍数asmany/muchn.as(2)倍数asadj./adv.as(3)倍数形容词比较级/副词比较级than(4)倍数the size/l
34、ength/height/depth/widthof名师点津表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词times”表达。此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语。即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换It is wise to have as many good friends as we can.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage .Their school has expanded into a big one，which
35、is three times as big as the previous one.As far as I know，the country is three times as large as that one.As far as I know，the country is three times larger than that oneAs far as I know，the country is three times the size of that oneThanks to this ancient library，we now know that goods arrived in
36、Dunhuang from as far away as Northeast Europe，and that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe.分析本句为复合句，know 的后面接了两个宾语从句第一个是that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as Northeast Europe，第二个是that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe，中间用and 连接。译文多亏有
37、了这个古老的图书馆，我们知道了，到达敦煌的货物远至欧洲东北部，从敦煌出口的货物穿过亚洲和欧洲。教材高考1.Today，Dunhuang is a worldclass tourist destination boasting sites with UNESCOprotected heritage status.(2019全国卷)He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀)about themselves.2.The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty；these image
38、s are full of life，reflecting the confidence and optimism of people from that time.(2019全国卷)But that changed when a system of hightech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below.3.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and stren
39、gthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.(2019全国卷)The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships，jumpstart interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work.单句语法填空1Now let me tell y
40、ou a story dating from 1976.2The man boasted about/of his collection of stamps.3Some people received religious(religion) education when they were young.4What a heavenly (heaven)day it was yesterday!5A babys face varied (vary)from time to time .6I felt the book laid beside the door had some hidden (h
41、ide)meaning.7He found it very astonishing (astonish)that she doesnt like the gift.8Given his age，he knows considerably much.9The new principle brought our school to life again.10The leaders position in the party has strengthened (strengthen) over time.短语填空cover an area of.；vary from.to.；bring.to lif
42、e；thanks to；in detail；tourist destination；get a better view；a stones throw；move on; be carved out of1The age of the kids varies from 5 to 10.2He lives only a stones throw from here.3It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.4Could you explain it in detail?5These ancient Roman sights bring history
43、 to life6Today our tourist destination is the countryside of south China.7To get a better view of the stage，our seats were changed.8The reserve covers an area of 1，140 square kilometers.9On the cross is to be a dove carved out of ice.10Whats wrong with his wanting to sell his land and move on?.课文语法填
44、空Dunhuang is a centre of cultural and mercial(commerce)exchange and a worldclass tourist destination，2.boasting(boast)sites with UNESCOprotected heritage status.Mogao Grottoes 3.were carved(carve)out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.We can see the elements from Ancient Greece，India and Iran
45、on statues.The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories 4. to scenes of everyday life，of 5. which Apsara is unique to Dunhuang.Apsaras painted during the Tang Dynasty are a reflection of peoples 6.confidence(confident)of life.As for Library Cave，discovered inside 7.were (be)many manuscripts，paintings and scrolls.In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed，8.so Dunhuang faded little by little.9.Fortunately(fortunate)，Dunhuang 10.has become (become)a global crossroads once again since it hosted the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.