1、All nature is but art，unknown to thee.Pope所有的自然都是艺术，这是你所不知道的。波普Nature is not governed except by obeying her.Bacon自然不可驾驭，除非顺从她。培根Deviation from nature is deviation from happiness.Samuel Johnson对自然的背离就是对欢乐的背离。塞缪尔约翰逊Our motto，as you know，is “Live according to Nature”Seneca如你所知，我们的格言是“遵照自然去生活”。塞涅卡The in
2、timacy between man and Nature began with the birth of man on the earth，and becomes each century more intelligent and farreaching.To Nature，therefore，we turn as to the oldest aim and most influential teacher of our race；from one point of view，once our taskmaster，now our servant；from another point of
3、view，our constant friend，instructor and inspirer.Have you ever noticed that，in the summer，when your sweat dries it will leave marks on your Tshirt? The marks are tiny bits of salt.If you go to the seaside，you will know that seawater does the same to your clothes，because it also has a lot of salt in
4、it.Water evaporates (蒸发) from the surface of the sea but the salt remains.Have you ever thought about whether the seas will keep getting saltier? The answer is no.The oceans have stayed at about 3.5 percent saltcontent for hundreds of millions of years.It maintains a constant level of salt in differ
5、ent ways.The outer hard crust of Earth is made up of a dozen or so hard plates that drift (漂流) on extremely hot，soft rock like floating islands on a seAThe heat within Earth is not the same everywhere and the plates move due to the heat.When an ocean plate bumps into a land plate，the less dense land
6、 plate floats over the ocean one.The ocean floor gets pushed under，and its salty rocks，along with shells and bones，are lost deep within Earth.So，thats why the seas are salty but dont get any saltier.探究发现1Find out what are the marks on your Tshirt?Tiny bits of salt.2Find out if the salt in the seas c
7、an evaporate?No.3Find out if the heat within Earth is the same?No.SectionTopic Talk & Lesson 1.匹配词义A单词匹配()1.droughtAn.评论；意见()mentBn.边缘()3.landscapeCn.面积；长度；范围；程度()4.climateDn.讲座，讲课；演讲()5.lectureEvi.& vt.逃离；逃避()6.escape Fn.风景，景色()7.edge Gn.气候()8.extent Hn.干旱，旱灾答案15HAFGD68EBCB短语匹配()1.turn ones back on
8、A在边缘；某事快要 发生(尤指不好的事)()2.all at onceB对置之不理，对撒手不管()3.on the edge ofC突然()e to ones mindD朝着方向()5.in the direction ofE某人想起答案15BCAED.默写单词1volcanic adj.火山的；由火山作用引起的2wildlife n.野生动植物，野生生物3living adj.活的，活着的4insect n.昆虫5million n.百万6title n.题目，标题7file n.档案，卷宗8soul n.灵魂9poetry n.诗歌；作诗的艺术10equal adj.相等的；相同的.语境填
9、词survive；climate；disaster；escape；comment；drought；equal；wildlife；million；landscape1The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster2The crops died during the drought3She made helpful comments on my work.4Our unique natural landscape is so worthwhile to visit.5There is no solution to the qu
10、estion of climate change without forestry.6What would you do if you won a million dollars?7In the eyes of the scientists，all things are equal8Of the six people injured in the crash，only two survived9He escaped from prison this morning.10The island offers such a wide variety of scenery and wildlife.语
11、法填空之派生词1The eruption(erupt) of the volcano makes many people lose their lives.2In the spring the place is crowded(crowd) with skiers.3It is shocking(shock) that they involved children in the crime.4If cancers are spotted early，theres a high chance of survival(survive)5Im frightened(frighten) of walk
12、ing home alone in the dark.6I hate travelling by air because I get horribly(horrible) airsick.7The letter wasnt addressed to me but I opened it out of curiosity(curious)8In hospital shell be under observation(observe) all the time.1One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands wher
13、e we often risked going and got more fish than others.有一天，我和我的两个兄弟从岛上回来，我们经常冒险去那里捕比别人更多的鱼。2The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。3It may appear strange，but at that moment，when we were on the edge of the whirlpool，I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.这可能看起来很
14、奇怪，但在那一刻，当我们位于漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。4Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape.没有再等，我跳进海里尽力逃跑。5As you can see，the reason why Im here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.如你所见，我之所以能够在这里讲这个故事，是因为我做了正确的决定。词语助读terrible adj.可怕的soul n灵魂single adj.简单的；单一的risk v冒险 n冒险risk doing冒
15、险做某事at risk处在风险中at the risk of冒风险all at once突然be covered with 被覆盖cry out大声喊出frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的in the direction of朝着的方向hopeless adj.绝望的as if似乎；好像on the edge of. 在边缘calm adj.镇静的；沉着的amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的over adv.结束(的)at great speed以极快的速度barrel n桶after a while过了一会curious adj.好奇的be curious about对好奇
16、curiosity n好奇；好奇心out of curiosity出于好奇observation n观察；观察结果observe v观察；庆祝；遵守rapidly adv.快速地equal adj.相等的；相同的extent n面积；长度tube n圆管，管子tie vt.系；拴；绑escape v逃跑；逃避decision n决定pull v拉；拖；拽in the end最后；终于pick sb.up接某人recognise vt.认出；辨出原文呈现A SEA STORYAbout three years ago，something terrible happened to me.That
17、was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.You think I am a very old manbut I am not.It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.A
18、ll at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm.A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the seAMy elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoestrom！” The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
19、1 I knew what he meant by that one word well enough.1the moment引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”。With the wind and waves，we were going in the direction of the whirlpool.We were hopeless.Nothing could save us.I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.We went round and round，nearer and nearer to th
20、e horrible edge of the whirlpool.It may appear strange，but at that moment，when we were on the edge of the whirlpool，I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way，and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.Suddenly，we went
21、over the edge.I thought my life was over.But moment after moment passed，and I was still safe.The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpooltrees and barrels.After a while，I became curious
22、 about the whirlpool itself.I then made three important observations.The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell；the second，between two objects of equal extent，round objects fell down less rapidly；and the third，between two objects of the same size，objects shaped like a tube fell
23、down more slowly.So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother understand，but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape.As you can see，the reason why Im here to tell the story is that I made the right decisio
24、n2 Some time after I left the boat，with my brother in it，it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool.Soon after that，the whirlpool became less wild.Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer，and the moon was shining.I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the oth
25、er fishermen were.In the end，a boat picked me up.I was very tired.The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me.When I told them my story，they did not believe it.Now I have told you，and I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did.2why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason；t
26、hat引导表语从句。译文参考海上故事大约三年前，我遭遇了一件可怕的事情。就在那一天，在短短六个小时里，我的身心受到重创，你认为我是一个很老的人但我不是。那件事让我在不到一天的时间里，头发从黑变白了。有一天，我和我的两个兄弟从岛上回来，我们经常冒险去那里捕比别人更多的鱼。突然，天空乌云密布，刹那间，我们就被卷入了可怕的风暴中。一个巨浪覆盖了我们的船，我弟弟掉进了海里。我哥哥把嘴贴近我的耳朵，喊出“莫斯肯漩涡！”我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。我很清楚他说的那个词是什么意思。伴随着风浪，我们朝着漩涡的方向前进。我们感到绝望。什么也救不了我们。我觉得恶心，像是在梦中从山顶上掉下来一样。我们转啊转，离漩
27、涡可怕的边缘越来越近。这可能看起来很奇怪，但在那一刻，当我们位于漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。我开始想，以这样的方式死去是一件多么神奇的事啊，能够看到大自然的力量是多么美妙啊。突然，我们越过了边缘。我以为我的生命结束了。但时间一刻又一刻过去了，我仍然安然无恙。船在巨大的漩涡里，我们以极快的速度兜圈子。我清楚地看到漩涡里还有别的东西树和桶。过了一会儿，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。然后我做了三个重要的观察。第一，物体越大，下降速度越快；第二，在两个同等面积的物体之间，圆形物体下降得更慢；第三，在两个同样大小的物体之间，像管子一样的物体下降得更慢。所以我把自己绑在一个木桶上帮助我漂浮。我
28、努力使我哥哥明白这一点，但他太害怕了，留在了沉重的木船里。没有再等，我跳进海里尽力逃跑。如你所见，我之所以能够在这里讲这个故事，是因为我做了正确的决定。在我离开船一段时间之后，我的哥哥还在船上，和小船一起被拉进了漩涡的底部。不久之后，漩涡变得不那么狂野了。这时天空晴朗，风平静下来，月亮也闪耀着。我仍然被拴在木桶上，海浪很快把我带到其他渔民所在的地方。最后，一条船上的人把我救了起来。我很疲惫。渔民们是我的老朋友，但他们没能认出我来。当我告诉他们我的故事时，他们根本不相信。现在我已经把故事告诉你了，我不指望你能相信我，像那些渔民一样。速读P30P31教材课文，完成下列任务。.阅读判断判断下列句子提
29、供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。1The author of the text was very old when the storm happened.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.2When the storm happened，there were three persons in the boat.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.3The authors elder brother first realised what happened to them.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.4The a
30、uthor was calm first when the storm happened.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.5The author realised that round objects fell down rapidly.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.答案15BAABB.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。Ahow wonderful it was to see the power of natureBwhere the other fishermen wereCwhere we often risked
31、 going and got more fish than othersDWhen I told them my storyEwhen we were on the edge of the whirlpool1One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands _2It may appear strange，but at that moment，_，I felt calmer.3I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way，and _4
32、I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area _5_，they did not believe it.答案15CEABD.表格填空FeelingsWhat happenedFrightenedWhen we came back from the islands 1.where we often risked going，the sky was covered with 2.dark cloudsA huge wave covered our boat and 3.my younger brothe
33、r fell into the seA4.HopelessThe wind and 5.waves made us go in the direction of the whirlpool.We were hopeless and I felt sick.CalmI felt 6.calmer when the boat was on the edge of the whirlpool.When the boat was on the inside of the whirlpool，I made three 7.observationsI tied myself to 8.a barrel a
34、nd tried to make my brother understand it，but he was too 9.frightened.Tired The waves carried me away and 10.a boat picked me up.细读P30P31教材课文，完成下列任务.主旨匹配()1.ParA1 AThe process of the storyteller fighting against the “Moskoestrom”()2.Paras.24BThe storyteller survived the “Moskoestrom”()3.ParA5CSometh
35、ing terrible happened to the storyteller three years ago.答案13CAB.单项选择1What made the storytellers hair change from black to white?AMedicine.BSorrow.CSomething terrible.DThe old age.2Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe moment the storyteller heard the word “Moskoestrom”，he too
36、k it for granted.BWhen they were on the edge of the whirlpool，the storyteller felt calmer than when they were moving towards it.CThe storyteller didnt see any other object in the whirlpool clearly.DThe storyteller made four important observations.3Why didnt the storytellers elder brother do the same
37、?AHe was too frightened.BHe thought it was dangerous to do so.CHe had no time to do so.DHe wouldnt leave the boat.4What can we learn from the last paragraph?AThe storyteller made the right decision and he survived.BSoon after the storytellers brother was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool，the w
38、hirlpool became more wild.CWhen the storyteller was saved，the fishermen recognised him.DThe fishermen believed the storytellers story.5Who didnt save the storyteller?AThe barrel.BThe storyteller himself.CSome fishermen.DThe storytellers brother.答案15CBAAD.读后续写微技能A阅读教材课文中含有描述个人心情的语句1The moment I heard
39、 the word I became very frightened.2We were hopeless.3I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.B判断下列句子是否为描述个人心情的语句1.but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.(是)2Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape.(不是)3The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable
40、to recognise me.(不是)1erupt vi.爆发，喷发eruption n爆发2crowd n人群；一伙人；群众 v挤满；使拥挤；涌上(心头) crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的3shock v使震惊；使惊愕 n震惊；惊愕；令人震惊的事；休克shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的，令人惊愕的4survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存survivor n幸存者；幸免者survival n幸存，幸免5frighten v使害怕，使受惊frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的frightening adj.令人害怕的6horror n震惊
41、；恐惧；厌恶horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的horribly adv.可怕地；吓人地；令人恐惧地7curious adj.好奇的curiosity n好奇，好奇心8observe vt.观察；庆祝；遵守observation n观察，观察结果1equal adj.(大小、数量、价值等)相同的；平等的；同等的；(力气、勇气、能力等)相当的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物v.(大小、数量、价值等)与相等，等于；比得上；敌得过；导致；结果为Research and teaching are of equal importance.同等的Men also share the equa
42、l right to chase fashion.平等的I hope that he proves equal to the job.能胜任的She treats the people who work for her as her equals.同等的人This achievement is unlikely ever to be equaled.比得上2pick up拾起，捡起；学会；结识；用车接；好转；恢复；收听；购买He has picked up slowly since he came out of hospital.恢复I was able to pick you up on t
43、he short wave radio.收听到Ill pick you up at the school gate.用车接He picked up the book from the floor.拾起，捡起The children have picked up the local accent.学会Words and Phrases知识要点1come to ones mind 某人想起(教材P28) What comes to your mind when you see the word “nature”？当你看到单词“nature”时，你想到了什么？例1I think I shall te
44、ll you a little story which just came to my mind.我想，我可以告诉各位一个我刚想到的小故事。例2Seeing the photo，the wonderful time they spent together came to his mind.看到相片，他便想起了他们一起度过的美好时光。造句但是错过比赛的想法从来没在我脑海中出现。Yet the thought of missing the game/match never even came to my mind.知识拓展keep/bear in mind.记住absence/out of min
45、d心不在焉find ones mind on把注意力集中在即学即练单句语法填空We should all keep in mind the concept of “We” and practice it.Repeated failures have driven him out of his mind.知识要点2comment n评论；意见vt.& vi.发表意见，评论例1You really cant comment until you know the fact.你真的不能在知道事实之前进行评论。例2Theres been no comment so far from the police
46、 about the allegations.到目前为止还没有来自警方对那些指控的任何解释。造句他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。He made his comments at a news conference in Amsterdam.知识拓展(1)comment on/upon对作出评价(2)comment n.评价make comments on/upon对作出评价no comment无可奉告即学即练单句语法填空He did not comment on what I said.He made no comment on our proposal.They asked for c
47、omments on the new plan.知识要点3shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信n.震惊(教材P29)The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature.这两个学生被关于自然的演讲震惊了。例1The news of my promotion came as a shock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。例2It shocks you when something like that happens.发生那样的事情，你会难以置信。造句救援人员被眼前的景象惊呆了。Relief workers were shocked by wh
48、at they saw.知识拓展(1)to ones shock令某人震惊的是It shocks sb.to do sth.令某人害怕/震惊的是(2)shocked adj.震惊的be shocked at对震惊(3)shocking adj.令人震惊的即学即练单句语法填空/同义句转换To my shock，such an attack should happen in this school.I am sorry for having asked him.I was shocked(shock) at his refusal.I was shocked at seeing her smoki
49、ng.I was shocked to see(see) her smoking.小片段填空To my shock，he refused my offer.When I met him again，I was shocked at his situation.It is shocking that he lost all his possessions in such a short time.知识要点4survive vi.幸存；生存下来vt.幸免于；从中生还(教材P30) A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.一个渔民正试图从风暴中幸存下来。例1
50、My people have survived 400 years of slavery.我的民族从400年的奴隶制中挺了过来。例2All the trees planted last year have survived.去年栽的树全都活了。造句他在事故中没受伤，真是(不幸中的)大幸！He was very lucky to have survived the accident unhurt! 知识拓展(1)survive sth.在中幸免于难，挺过survive (from sth.)(从中)存活下来/留存下来survive(on sth.)(靠)存活survive as sth.作为继续
51、存在survive sb.by.years 比某人多活了年(2)survivor n.幸存者survival n.幸存，幸免即学即练单句语法填空Harry survived his wife by three months.A plane crashed yesterday，and there were no survivors (survive)Amys only chance of survival(survive) was a liver transplant.小片段填空I thought there would be little chance of survival，but luck
52、ily，I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.知识要点5frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的(教材P31) The moment I heard the word I became very frightened我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。例1She was frightened that the plane would crash.她害怕飞机会坠毁。例2Miriam was too frightened to tell her family wh
53、at had happened.米丽娅姆太害怕了以至于不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。造句她担心玻璃会破碎。She was frightened that the glass would break.知识拓展(1)frightened adj.感到害怕的be frightened at.(听到)吓了一跳be frightened of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事(2)frightening adj.令人惊恐的；骇人的(3)frighten v.使惊恐，使害怕frighten sb.into/out of doing sth.吓得某人做/不做某事即学即练单句语法填空They frightened
54、the old lady into signing(sign) the paper.Dont be frightened(frighten) of making mistakes when you speak English.名师点津由过去分词或现在分词转化来的形容词，是分词形容词。这些词已失去了动词的性质，大多数可被副词very或too修饰，有的还有比较级和最高级，故称为分词形容词。v.ing形式，意为“令人的”，多用于指事物；v.ed形式，意为“感到的”，多用于指人。知识要点6calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 v使平衡(教材P31).I felt calmer than when we w
55、ere moving towards it.我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。例1It is important to keep calm in an emergency.情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。例2Have some tea；itll calm your nerves.喝点茶吧，这会使你紧张的神经松弛下来。造句镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.知识拓展(1)keep/remain calm保持冷静(2)calm down平静下来calm oneself down使某人自己镇静下来(3)calmly
56、adv.平静地calmness n.平静即学即练单句语法填空He is terribly excited.We must try to calm him downThe television announcer read the news calmly(calm)Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm yourself(you) down.明辨异同calm“镇静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或者人的心情不激动。quiet“安静的；宁静的”，指无声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼或焦虑。still“不动的；静止的”，指无动作或运动的状态。silent“寂静的；沉默的
57、，无语的”，指没有声音或不讲话。小片段填空When facing danger，one should keep calm；when someone else is asleep，one should keep quiet；in class，one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions.知识要点7curious adj.好奇的；好打听的(教材P31) After a while，I became curious about the whirlpool itself.过了一会儿，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。例1Everyone was c
58、urious about why Mark was leaving.马克为什么要离去，大家都感到好奇。例2He is such a curious boy，always asking questions.他是个如此好奇的男孩，总是爱问问题。造句人们聚拢过来，很想知道发生了什么事情。People gathered round，curious to know what is happening.知识拓展(1)be curious about对感到好奇be curious to do sth.渴望做某事be curious that.对感到好奇(2)curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲from/o
59、ut of curiosity出于好奇meet/satisfy ones curiosity满足某人的好奇心with curiositycuriously奇怪地；好奇地即学即练单句语法填空As a little boy，he was curious about the origin of mankind.Hes curious to know (know) what she said.Curiosity(curious) drove him into the cave to see what happened.知识要点8recognise vt.辨认出；承认；认可(教材P31) The fis
60、hermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me.渔民们是我的老朋友，但他们没能认出我来。例1I had already recognised the voice.我早已听出了这个声音。例2When I went there，one of my real brothers recognised me.当我前往那里时，我的一个亲生兄弟认出了我。造句谁也没意识到形势有多么紧急。Nobody recognised how urgent the situation was.知识拓展(1)recognise sb./sth.a
61、s.承认是be recognised as.被公认为recognise that.承认；意识到(2)recognition n.认识；认出beyond recognition认不出来即学即练单句语法填空Everyone recognised him as the lawful heir.It was recognised(recognise) that this solution could only be temporary.At last，her fathers work has received popular recognition(recognise)知识要点9turn ones b
62、ack (on sb./sth.)对置之不理，对撒手不管(教材P102) .and finally turned its back on us.最后对我们撒手不管。例1Did you really turn your back on his invitation? 你真的拒绝了他的邀请吗？例2He turned his back on me and refused to lend me any money when I lost my job.当我失业的时候，他根本不肯帮忙，一分钱都不愿意借给我。造句每次我向你求助你都不理不睬，为什么？Every time I ask you for help
63、，you turn your back on me.Why? 知识拓展turn against背叛turn around翻身，翻转，扭转turn down关小，调低(声音)；拒绝turn in交出，上交turn off关掉，关闭turn on打开，开启turn to向求助；转向turn up调大；出现，露面turn out结果是，生产，制造turn over翻身，翻阅，打翻，翻转即学即练单句语法填空She didnt answer，and turned her back on him.They turn to you because they trust you.Her name consta
64、ntly turns up in art circles.At first，they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be.小片段填空The party was almost over，but Jane still didnt turn up.Tom was very disappointed.He didnt know why Jane didnt turn down his invitation if she didnt want to come.He turned over the bottles on the ta
65、ble，and the rest guests left the hall in shock.Tom turned off all the lights in the hall.No one could imagine how upset he was!Sentence Patterns重点句式1the moment引导的状语从句(教材P31) The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。句式分析：句中the moment相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。例1The moment I got home my
66、 father went out.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。例2The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope.我一看到他我就知道没有希望了。造句我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。The moment I closed my eyes I fell asleep.知识拓展类似的用法还有：(1)every time，each time，the first time(2)the instant，the minute(3)immediately，directly即学即练单句语法填空The moment I see the general manager，I
67、will tell(tell) him about the coming meeting.The first time they referred to the young pianist，I thought(think) he was a man without name.I came immediately(immediate) I heard the news.重点句式2how引导的感叹句(教材P31) I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way，.我开始想，以这样的方式死去是一件多么神奇的事啊例1Ho
68、w beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！例2How strange a feeling it was!这是一种多么奇怪的感觉啊！造句他们多么愚蠢啊！他们相信那个人说的话。How foolish they were! They believed what the man said.知识拓展(1)How形容词/副词主语谓语！How形容词a/an可数名词单数主语谓语！How主语谓语！(2)Whata/an形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！What形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！What形容词不可数名词主语谓语！即学即练单句语法填空What lovely weather w
69、e are having these days!How carefully the students are listening!What fine weather it is today! 重点句式3the more.，the more.越，越(教材P31) The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell.第一，物体越大，下降速度越快句式分析：第一个“the比较级”是条件状语从句，第二个“the比较级”是主句。如果第二个“the比较级”用一般将来时，则第一个“the比较级”通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例1The
70、higher the ground is，the thinner the air becomes.离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。例2The hungrier they became，the harder they worked.他们越饿，就越努力工作。造句战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.知识拓展(1)这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。两个“the比较级”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开。当意思很明白时
71、，两句常采用省略形式。(2)the moren.，the moren.即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The more we do for the people，the happier (happy) we will feel.The more she learns，the more she wants to learn她越学越想学。The more English you practise，the better your English will be.你练习英语越多，你的英语就越好。教材高考1.A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.(2019天津卷
72、)If a predator can eat several species，it can survive the extinction(灭绝)of one of them.2.Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape.(2019天津卷)Yet，now that Im growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex，I find myself needing a way to escape.单句语法填空1What go
73、od children they are!2The busier he is，the happier(happy) he feels.3It is recognised(recognise) that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us.4Liz picked up the blue envelope and turned it over curiously(curious)5I know it must be a frightening(frighten) experience for you.6They may hate what he d
74、oes but their survival(survive) depends on him.7I need your help；please dont turn your back on me.8Everyone in the street was shocked(shock) when they heard the news.9She accidentally stepped on his foot on a crowded(crowd) train.10We have not seen the letter，so we can hardly comment on it.短语填空after
75、 a while；in the face of；in the end；turn ones back on；adapt from；in the direction of1In the end，we all decided to organize a concert for Easter.2I turned to my father for help，but he turned his back on me.3We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.4They wandered off in the directio
76、n of the nearest store.5His music is difficult to listen to，but after a while it starts to grow on you.6This text is adapted from a story in Chinese literature.课文语法填空About three years ago，the storyteller experienced a horrible storm，1.which had broken his body and soul.One day，he was out fishing aro
77、und some islands with his two brothers when the sky 2.was covered(cover) with clouds.They were in a terrible storm in less than a minute.His 3.younger(young) brother fell into the seAHe and his elder brother were pushed 4.in the direction of the whirlpool and went round and round it.The storyteller
78、felt sick，as if he was falling from 5.a mountain top in a dream.It may appear strange，but at that moment，when they were on the edge of the whirlpool，he felt calmer than when they were moving towards it.After a while，he made three important 6.observations(observe).7.Based(base) on what he had found，h
79、e tied 8.himself (he)to a barrel，which helped him to float.Although he tried to make his elder brother understand that he should do the same，his brother was too 9.frightened(frighten) and stayed in the heavy boat.10.Finally(final)，the storyteller was saved.关系副词引导定语从句观察例句1There are occasions when one
80、 must yield.2Beijing is the place where I was born.3Is this the reason why he refused our offer?归纳用法当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有when，where和why。一、关系副词when1when引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time，day，hour，month，year，在从句中作时间状语。2when既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。3关系副词when常可用“介词which”来代替。Ill never forget
81、the days when we stayed in the countryside.我永远忘不了我们在乡下待过的日子。(when引导限制性定语从句，可用 on which代替)Do you still remember the time when we met our old friend John?你还记得我们遇见我们的老朋友约翰的时候吗？(when引导限制性定语从句，可用 at which 代替)In the old days，when our country was not so strong，peasants lived a hard life.在过去，我们的国家还没有这么富强的时候
82、，农民们过着苦日子。(when引导非限制性定语从句，可用in which 代替)即学即练1单句语法填空Between the two parts of the concert is an interval，when the audience can buy icecream.The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.二、关系副词where1where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place，room，house，spot，school，country等，在从句中作地点
83、状语。They went into the hall where the meeting was being held.他们走进正在开会的大厅。2where可以引导非限制性定语从句。Opposite is St.Pauls Church，where you can hear some lovely music.对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。3关系副词where常可用“介词关系代词”构成的表示地点的介词短语代替。Japan is the place where (in which) earthquakes frequently happen.日本是地震频发的地方。The o
84、ffice where (at which) he works is not far from here.他工作的办公室离这儿不远。名师点津where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定语从句)他使自己陷入了一种危险的
85、情况，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。When you read the book，youd better make a mark where you have questions.(状语从句)当你读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。即学即练2单句语法填空They have reached the point where they split up.He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.三、关系副词why1why引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如 reason，excus
86、e，explanation，在从句中作原因状语。2关系副词 why 常可用“介词forwhich”来代替。名师点津why不能引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，先行词是 reason，关系副词在定语从句中作状语时，应该用 for which 引导。The reason why he was absent sounds reasonable.他缺席的原因听起来很合理。(why引导限制性定语从句，可用for which代替)Can you believe his reason why he didnt attend the meeting yesterday?你能相信他昨天没来开会的理由吗
87、？(why引导限制性定语从句，可用 for which 代替)即学即练3单句语法填空The reason why he resigned is known to us.Thats the reason why she spoke.单句语法填空1Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.2I often have the case where I cant recognise my friends voice on the phone.3Some pictures of the riv
88、er brought the days back to the old when they swam in it.4In a sports team each player has a clear role，and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.5Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.短文语法填空This is the vill
89、age 1.where I was brought up，2.which is surrounded by trees and mountains.I still remember the days 3.when I played with my little friends.We often went to a nearby river，4.where we caught fish.But we usually went home late.Thats the reason 5.why I often was scolded by my parents.Although there were only three hundred people there，the people enjoyed 6.themselves(them) and got along well 7.with each other.They worked in the field，8.where a variety of crops were planted.The only school was 9.located(locate) in the centre of the village，10.from which many students graduated.