1、莱芜一中20-21学年度上学期高三第二次质量检测英语试题本试卷共10页。总分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的级部、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5mm中性笔将答案写在答题卡对应题目的规定区域。答在答题卡的规定区域之外或本试卷上无效。3考试结束后只需将答题卡交回。第I 卷第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的
2、A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标注在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What has happened to the cup with little hearts?A. It has been lost.B. It has been damaged.C. It has been given to the man.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Have you seen my favorite cup? The one with little hearts on it. I th
3、ink Ive lost it.M: Sorry, I meant to tell you that I broke it last week while washing it. But I got you this one to replace it.W: I love it!2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What did the man ask the woman to do?A. Sew some clothes.B. Clean up the floors.C. Pay more attention next time.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Mindy, I fo
4、und a needle on the floor. I almost stepped on it. You should be more careful.W: It wasnt me, Ben. It was my mother. She came over to help with the childrens clothes. But Ill sweep the floor right now to make sure there arent any more.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How many classes does the girl have on Monda
5、y?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I have dance class first thing, and then music straight after lunch.W: Lucky you. For me, its a busy Monday. I have double classes of math and then geography.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the woman advise the man to run?A. To catch the postman.B. To borrow s
6、ome stamps.C. To reach the post office before closing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Do you have any stamps I can borrow? I want to send this straight away.W: Im afraid I dont. But if you run, you might just catch the post office.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is across from the new clothing store?A. A bank.B. A movie
7、theater.C. A bookstore.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I was in that new clothing store next to the bank and they had some shirts that would really suit you.W: Is it opposite the cinema? What did the place use to be before the clothing store opened?M: Yeah, it was a bookstore before.第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
8、所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. How does the man feel?A. Confident.B. Tired.C. Confused.7. Which country was the man born in?A. Japan.B. China.C. Australia.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】【原文】M: Excuse me, can you help
9、me? I cant understand part of this form.W: Certainly, sir. What part are you having problems with?M: Part 3A. Im not quite sure what its asking. Ive read it several times but it does not make any sense. W: That part of the form is only for foreign travelers.M: Technically, I am. Im originally from J
10、apan, but then I was raised in Australia before coming to China.W: Where do you live now?M: I live in Hong Kong.W: You are well traveled.M: I am, but sometimes these forms still confuse me.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Tutor and
11、student.C. Mother and son.9. What subject is the boy struggling with?A. Math.B. English.C. Geography.10. What activity is related to the womans job?A. Testing.B. Writing.C. Teaching.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B【解析】【原文】W: Malcolm, have you finished your homework yet?M: Not yet, I need dads help with one of th
12、e questions. W: Well, maybe I can help?M: Thanks, but dad knows more about algebra than you.W: I am just as capable as your father. We both went to university.M: But dad uses it all the time in his job. You write a lot in your job, so I come to you when I need help with my English tests.W: Thats ver
13、y smart, but sometimes your father wont be able to help you. So if you need it, Im here. Im also good at geography.M: OK then. Can you tell me the answer to this one?W: No, but I can show you how to find the answer yourself.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Where are the speakers probably?A. In
14、 a store.B. In a gallery.C. In the mans apartment.12. What color is the womans colored wall?A. Purple.B. Cream.C. Orange.13. Where is the wallpaper located?A. Under the brushes.B. Next to the sheets.C. Across from the paint.【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C【解析】【原文】M: Excuse me, can you tell me where the paint s
15、ection is?W: Its straight down there.M: Thank you. Were going to paint my apartment.W: Oh, I love decorating. What color are you going for?M: Maybe something in cream or white. We might sell it soon, so we want it to look airy.W: A lot of people these days have one wall in a bright or distinct color
16、 to make it stand out. I have a purple one in my bedroom.M: I did see one at a friends house. He had painted one side of his living room orange. It looked very smart. Im just not sure I could do as good a job. Im not an artist.W: Well, we have all the tools you need next to the paint, like brushes a
17、nd sheets to keep your furniture clean. Or if you want a challenge, the wallpaper is on the opposite side. M: Youve been most helpful.W: If you need anything else, just let me know.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A missing pet.B. A late package.C.
18、 A wrong food order.15. Who is Tommy?A. The womans son.B. The womans pet.C. The womans boss.16. What is wrong with the delivery drivers?A. They are ill.B. They are out for lunch.C. They have left the company.17. What will the woman get the money for according to the man?A. Her lost item.B. Delivery
19、costs.C. Her time spent on the phone.【答案】14. B 15. B 16. A 17. C【解析】【原文】W: I have been on hold for half an hour trying to find out where my delivery is!M: I apologize, Mrs. Smith. This is not the level of service we usually offer.W: Then what is the problem? Its a present for my little Tommy. Its hi
20、s birthday tomorrow. I picked some dog food for him. Why havent I received his present yet?M: We had to use a delivery service instead of our own drivers.W: Why?M: I shouldnt really say.W: I demand an explanation, or I want to speak to your boss.M: Our drivers all eat from the same restaurant at lun
21、ch. They have all got food poisoning. W: Well, Im sorry to hear that. I hope they are OK.M: Me, too. Because you are such a loyal customer, I would like to offer you a full refund for the item.W: I guess that would be acceptable. Hold on, theres someone at my door.M: Hello, Mrs. Smith?W: That was yo
22、ur driver. It arrived! Thank you so much.M: Im glad it all worked out fine. We would still like to offer you a refund, for the length of the call.W: Thank you. That would be lovely.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18. Why does the nursery offer the plans?A. To keep children safe.B. To make children
23、healthy.C. To help children find their way.19. When are the teachers on duty?A. 8:00 p.m. on Monday.B. 7:00 a.m. on Thursday.C. 9:00 a.m. on Saturday.20. To whom is the speaker mainly talking?A. Children at the nursery.B. New teachers.C. Childrens parents.【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C【解析】【原文】There is anothe
24、r thing to point out about safety before we start todays nursery tour. The safety of your children is, of course, our main concern and we are constantly working to improve it in any possible way. We also try to make sure that your children enjoy their time at nursery and benefit from it as much as p
25、ossible. The nursery offers two plans to ensure you know that your children are safe. The Bus Trip plan is to make sure that children get where they need to go after nursery with a teacher on duty to protect them, whether they are going straight home or somewhere else. The In-School plan gives you p
26、eace of mind when the children are being taught. A careful record is kept of where children are in the building so that we can locate them quickly at any time. You are provided with a number, so you can call the nursery between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on the weekdays. Requirements can also be made b
27、y text and email. All in all, we are trying our best to make sure your children are safe while they are attending the nursery.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWelcome！We look forward to welcoming you this summer.Below you will find a list of forms for st
28、udents accepted to our 2019 Salisbury Summer School.Please review the documents and fill out and return any applicable forms, Should you wish to spend overnight in the area when you drop off your child,please make arrangements well in advance as summer is a busy time of year in Conriecticuts northwe
29、st corner.(A.list of area hotels is found here.)Both the elective course enrollment(登记)and the questionnaire are very important because we will be unable to design your childs academic schedule without them.We would also like to draw your attention to the form regarding students leaving on weekends
30、during summer school.Accepted Student Forms(ASFs ):Elective Enrollment Questionnaire Weekend Permission Travel Form Pharmacy(用药)FormE& R Laundry Registration FormThe Salisbury School Health Center works with Magnus Health which is a secure and easy-to-use website for online submission and storage of
31、 your childs medical information.You must access your childs Magnus Health account in order to get and submit the required health forms before registration( Access the Pharmacy Form here). Health forms must be completed and submitted to Magnus Health by June 15, if not, summer school classes and act
32、ivities may not be accessible to your kid.For questions regarding Salisbury School required health forms or your Magnus Health account,please email healthcentersalisburyschool.org.Alternatively,you may call the health Center at 860-435-5748.21. What should they do if parents want to spend one night
33、in the area?A. Complete all the forms.B. Book a room as early as possible.C. Apply to Magnus HealthD. Tell the summer school in advance.22. Which form should parents fill in if their kids leave on weekends during summer school?A. Elective Enrollment.B. Questionnaire.C. Weekend Permission.D. Travel F
34、orm.23. What may cause students to miss some classes and activities?A. Incomplete health forms.B. Not returning ASFs by June 15.C. Failing to register ahead of time.D. Loss of Magnus Health account.【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文（告示）。本文的主要内容是告知2019年Salisbury暑期学校录取学生需要的表格。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Sho
35、uld you wish to spend overnight in the area when you drop off your child, please make arrangements well in advance如果您想在送孩子时在此过夜，请提前做好安排，由此可知，如果父母想在这住一晚的话，他们需要尽可能早地预定房间，故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的We would also like to draw your attention to the form regarding students leaving on weekends during summer sc
36、hool. 我们还想提请您注意关于暑期学校学生周末离校的表格。由此可知，如果孩子在暑期学校的周末离开，家长应该填写“周末许可”，故选C。23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Health forms must be completed and submitted to Magnus Health by June 15, if not, summer school classes and activities may not be accessible to your kid. 健康表格必须在6月15日前完成并提交给马格努斯健康中心，否则，您的孩子可能无法参加暑期学校的课程和活动。由此可知，如果
37、不能完成健康表格会导致学生错失一些课程和活动。故选A。【点睛】做细节题时，用题干直接在文章中进行定位，与题干意思相符的原文或是在原文附近就是答案的位置。如第3题，根据题干What may cause students to miss some classes and activities?可定位在原文的最后一段的Health forms must be completed and submitted to Magnus Health by June 15, if not, summer school classes and activities may not be accessible to
38、 your kid.既是答案所在。BWith fewer races to take part in, and one more year to wait, Chinese sprinter Xie Zhenye is committed to staying patient and focused as he tries to achieve his Olympic dream.No matter what the future holds, Xies expectation for the Tokyo Games remains the same-to become the first C
39、hinese national to reach a hat-trick of sprint finals, in the 100m, 200m and 4100m events.“With the postponement of the Olympic Games, I need to be more patient and focused and make good use of this additional year to get better prepared for the Games,” said the 27-year-old who is currently training
40、 at Beijing Sport University.Xie trained with his national teammates in the United States for four months during the winter. According to his original plan, he was due to take part in a series of outdoor races in Europe and the US to tune up for the Tokyo Games. That was until the COVID-19 pandemic
41、changed everything.Xie flew to Chinas coastal city of Qinhuangdao, Hebei province, at the end of March, and after a 28-day quarantine, returned to Beijing to start his lockdown training session.“Although most of the competitions have been canceled or postponed, I can still compete in some virtual ev
42、ents and testing events organized by the national team,” Xie said.“I am working closely with my coach and sticking to our new preparation plan. Our aim is to maintain my good form until the Tokyo games next year.”Xie enjoyed a successful season in 2019, setting a new Asian record of 19.88 at the Dia
43、mond League London meeting. Later, at the world championships in Doha，the 2010 Youth Olympic champion became the first Chinese to reach the mens 200m final.Xie has already met the Olympic entry standard for the 100m and 200m in Tokyo, while the Chinese relay team has also booked a berth in the 4100m
44、. Now, Xie wants to make more history in the finals of all three events in tokyo next summer.“I have the confidence to pursue that. I will try my best and leave no regrets in Tokyo,” he said.24. Whats the main idea of the text?A. The pandemic has postponed the Tokyo Games.B. Xie is aiming for his Ol
45、ympic dream through hard training.C. Xie has achieved great success in his sports life.D. The pandemic has caused great pressure to athletes.25. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “tune up” in paragraph 4 ?A. make up.B. long.C. leave.D. prepare.26. What did Xie do in Qinhu
46、angdao?A. He had a pleasant holiday with his team.B. He participated in the outdoor races.C He had a quarantine for about a month.D. He started his training session.27. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph probably refer to?A. Keeping good playing condition.B. Meeting the Olymp
47、ic entry standard.C. Setting a new record of the mens 200m.D. Winning the finals of all three events.【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国短跑运动员谢振业决心保持耐心和专注，努力实现自己的奥运梦想的故事。文章介绍了谢为参加明年冬奥会所做的一些努力以及他之前所取得的一些成就。【24题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“With fewer races to take part in, and one more year to wait, Chi
48、nese sprinter Xie Zhenye is committed to staying patient and focused as he tries to achieve his Olympic dream.(由于参赛的比赛越来越少，再等一年，中国短跑运动员谢震业决心保持耐心和专注，努力实现自己的奥运梦想)”结合文章主要介绍了中国短跑运动员谢振业决心保持耐心和专注，努力实现自己的奥运梦想的故事。文章介绍了谢为参加明年冬奥会所做的一些努力以及他之前所取得的一些成就。可知，这篇文章的主旨是谢震业的目标是通过艰苦训练实现他的奥运梦想。故选B。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Ac
49、cording to his original plan, he was due to take part in a series of outdoor races in Europe and the US to”以及后文“for the Tokyo Games”可知，谢最初的计划是他将在欧洲和美国参加一系列户外比赛，为东京奥运会做准备。故划线部分意思为“准备”。A. make up.编造；B. long.渴望；C. leave.离开；D. prepare.准备。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Xie flew to Chinas coastal city of Qinhuang
50、dao, Hebei province, at the end of March, and after a 28-day quarantine, returned to Beijing to start his lockdown training session.(谢于3月底飞往中国沿海城市河北省秦皇岛，在经过28天的隔离期后，返回北京开始他的禁闭训练)”可知，谢在秦皇岛接受了大约一个月的隔离。故选C。【27题详解】词句猜测题。根据上一段中“Now, Xie wants to make more history in the finals of all three events in toky
51、o next summer.(现在，谢希望在明年夏天的东京奥运会上，在这三个项目的决赛中创造更多的历史)”可知，划线词所在句的意思是，谢有信心在三个项目的决赛中获胜。即that指的是“在三个项目的决赛中获胜”。故选D。C“Join our exciting wildlife watching tours and experience the holiday of a lifetime!” Eco-wildlife tours like this are becoming more and more popular with tourists. The opportunity to see wh
52、ales and dolphins swimming in their natural habitat is so much better than seeing these great mammals in zoos and aquariums. As your boat edges out into the blue water, a group of dolphins come to greet you and swim around the boat, jumping playfully around you. In some places, tour companies even e
53、ncourage tourists to go swimming with the dolphins. These intelligent mammals seem to enjoy our company and interact with us. But is it possible that this kind of human activity putting their survival at risk?A recent study has shown that the behavior of whales and dolphins changes greatly when they
54、 are close to boats. Interpreting the boats as a possible danger, they start to breathe more to breathe more quickly. The boats drive them away from the places where they feed and interrupt their routine of resting and taking care of their young. All of these factors could have a very negative effec
55、t on their general health. Another factor that should be taken into account is the effect of human attention on the animals. As they become more used to interacting with humans, they become less afraid of them. There have been several cases of tour boats running into dolphins or whales and causing t
56、heir deaths. As dolphins live within close communities, events like these cause a lot of stress.Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them. We could do by keeping a minimum distance between the animals and the boats, and by limiting the number of boats out o
57、n the water at one time. Most importantly, instead of interrupting these animals routines, we should try to adapt to them. In this way, we could learn to exist in harmony with these wild animals and ensure our continued co-existence on the planet that we shall share.28. Why are Eco-wildlife tours in
58、creasingly popular?A. Because they are widely advertised.B. Because tourists can visit wild animals in nature.C. Because wild animals enjoy our company.D. Because visitors do not disturb wild animals.29. Whats the authors attitude towards Eco-wildlife tours?A. Interested.B. Supportive.C. Critical.D.
59、 Confused.30. What can we learn from the recent study?A. The visiting boats excite whales and dolphins.B. Boats drive young whales and dolphins away from their parents.C. Humans attention benefits whales and dolphins a lot.D. Getting too close to wild animals may cause trouble to them.31. What is su
60、ggested to stay in harmony with wild animals according to the text?A. Making less interaction with them.B. Keeping a minimum distance between boats.C. Banning boats entering their habitat.D. Making them adapt to our daily routine.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A【解析】本文是说明文。游客可以观看大自然中的野生动物导致了生态野生动物旅游越来越受欢迎
61、，但研究表明人类与野生动物近距离接触，会影响它们的生活和健康，甚至对它们造成伤害。作者认为要想与野生动物和谐相处，就要减少与它们的互动。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Eco-wildlife tours like this are becoming more and more popular with tourists. The opportunity to see whales and dolphins swimming in their natural habitat is so much better than seeing these great mammals in zoo
62、s and aquariums.”(生态野生动物旅游越来越受到游客的欢迎。看到鲸鱼和海豚在它们的自然栖息地游泳的机会比在动物园和水族馆看到这些大的哺乳动物要好得多。)可知生态野生动物旅游越来越受欢迎是因为游客可以观看大自然中的野生动物，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them. We could do by keeping a minimum distance between the animals and the bo
63、ats, and by limiting the number of boats out on the water at one time.”(也许保护这些动物最好的方法是减少我们与它们的互动。我们可以通过保持动物和船只之间的最小距离，以及限制一次出海的船只数量来做到这一点。)可知作者认为要减少和野生动物的互动，少打扰它们的生活。由此可见作者对生态野生动物旅游持批评的态度，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“A recent study has shown that the behavior of whales and dolphins changes greatly when t
64、hey are close to boats. Interpreting the boats as a possible danger, they start to breathe more to breathe more quickly. The boats drive them away from the places where they feed and interrupt their routine of resting and taking care of their young. All of these factors could have a very negative ef
65、fect on their general health. ”(最近的一项研究表明，当鲸鱼和海豚靠近船只时，它们的行为会发生很大的变化。把这些船解释为一种可能的危险，他们开始更多地呼吸以更快地呼吸。小船把它们赶出它们觅食的地方，打断它们休息和照顾幼崽的日常生活。所有这些因素都可能对他们的总体健康产生非常负面的影响。)和“Another factor that should be taken into account is the effect of human attention on the animals. As they become more used to interacting w
66、ith humans, they become less afraid of them. There have been several cases of tour boats running into dolphins or whales and causing their deaths. As dolphins live within close communities, events like these cause a lot of stress.”（ 另一个需要考虑的因素是人类注意力对动物的影响。当它们越来越习惯于与人类交流时，它们就不再那么害怕他们了。已经有几起旅游船撞上海豚鲸鱼并
67、导致它们死亡的案例。由于海豚生活在紧密的群体中，像这样的事件会造成很大的压力。）可知太接近野生动物可能会给它们带来麻烦，影响它们的生活和健康，甚至对它们造成伤害。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them. Most importantly, instead of interrupting these animals routines, we should try to adapt to them. In this way
68、, we could learn to exist in harmony with these wild animals and ensure our continued co-existence on the planet that we shall share.”(也许保护这些动物最好的方法是减少与它们的互动。最重要的是，与其打断这些动物的日常生活，我们还不如试着去适应它们。这样，我们才能学会与这些野生动物和谐相处，确保我们在这个我们将共享的星球上继续共存。)可知要想与野生动物和谐相处，就要减少与它们的互动。故选A。DFor grown-ups, an afternoon snooze (
69、打盹) is often easier said than done. But many of us have probably experienced just how simple it can be to catch some sleep in a gently rocking hammock (吊床). By examining brain waves in sleeping adults, researchers reported in the June 21 issue of Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, that they
70、now have evidence to explain why that is.“It is a common belief that rocking causes sleep: we fall asleep in a rocking chair soon and, since ancient times, we cradle our babies to sleep,” said Sophie Schwartz of the University of Geneva. “Yet, how this works had remained a mystery. The goal of our s
71、tudy was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the brain level.”Schwartz, Michel Mhlethaler, and their colleagues Laurence Bayer and Irina Constantinescu asked twelve adult volunteers to nap on a custommade bed or “experimen
72、tal hammock” that could either remain still or rock gently. All participants were good sleepers who didnt typically nap and did not suffer from excessive sleepiness during the day. Each participant took two 45minute afternoon naps, one with the bed still and one with the bed in motion, while their b
73、rain activity was monitored.“We observed a faster transition to sleep in each and every subject in the swinging condition,” Mhlethaler said. “Surprisingly, we also observed a dramatic boosting of certain types of sleeprelated brain waves.”More specifically, rocking increased the length of stage N2 s
74、leep, a form of nonrapid eye movement sleep that normally occupies about half of a good nights sleep. The rocking bed also had a lasting effect on brain activity, increasing slow brain waves and bursts of activity known as sleep spindles (纺锤体).Schwartz and Mhlethaler say the next step is to find out
75、 whether rocking can improve longer periods of sleep and to find out whether it may be useful for the treatment of sleep disorders, such as insomnia (失眠).32. What does the June 21 issue of Current Biology tell us according to Paragraph 1?A. It is more difficult for grownups to fall asleep.B. People
76、today like to sleep in a rocking hammock.C. Many people nowadays suffer from excessive sleepiness.D. There comes the evidence for why rocking benefits peoples sleep.33. What can we learn from Sophie Schwartzs words?A. Her team aimed to answer two questions.B. The study is going to benefit babies a l
77、ot.C. The study had been kept secret before being finished.D. People used to believe rocking was bad for sleep.34. What finding was beyond the researchers expectation?A. The rocking seemed to improve participants sleep quality.B. All the participants fell asleep faster in the swinging condition.C. S
78、ome participants couldnt fall asleep in the swinging condition.D. Participants had a tendency to sleep excessively in the swinging bed.35. What is the best title?A. Take a Snooze Easier Said than DoneB. Want a Faster Sleep? Change Your Sleeping HabitsC. Need a Nap? Find Yourself a HammockD. Suffer f
79、rom Sleep Disorder? New Treatment Found【答案】32. D 33. A 34. A 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项研究，通过研究成年人睡觉时的大脑波纹，发现成年人在轻轻摇晃的状态下更容易入睡。【32题详解】细节理解题。由第一段By examining brain waves in sleeping adults, researchers reported in the June 21 issue of Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, that they now have ev
80、idence to explain why that is.(通过对睡眠中的成年人脑电波的研究，他们现在有了解释这一现象的证据。)可知，当代生物学为摇晃改善睡眠提供了证据。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。由第二段 Yet, how this works had remained a mystery. The goal of our study was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the bra
81、in level.(然而，它是如何工作的仍然是一个谜。我们研究的目的包括两部分：测试摇晃是否真的能改善睡眠，以及了解这在大脑层面是如何起作用的。)可知，他的团队以回答这两个问题为目标。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“We observed a faster transition to sleep in each and every subject in the swinging condition, ” Mhlethaler said. “Surprisingly, we also observed a dramatic boosting of certain types of
82、sleeprelated brain waves. ” (Mhlethaler说:“我们观察到，在摇摆状态下，每个人都能更快地进入睡眠状态。令人惊讶的是，我们还观察到与睡眠相关的某些脑电波明显增强。”)可知，让研究者感到惊讶的是摇晃似乎确实提高了参与者的睡眠质量。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。由文章开头For grown-ups, an afternoon snooze (打盹) is often easier said than done. But many of us have probably experienced just how simple it can be to cat
83、ch some sleep in a gently rocking hammock (吊床).(对成年人来说，一个下午打盹往往是说起来容易做起来难。但是我们中的许多人很可能经历过在轻轻摇晃的吊床上睡一会儿是多么简单。)及结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是一项研究发现成年人在轻轻摇晃的状态下更容易入睡。C“需要小睡一下吗？给自己找个吊床。”符合文章主旨。故选C项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。以本文第2小题为例，本题运用定位法：由第二段 Yet, how thi
84、s works had remained a mystery. The goal of our study was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the brain level.然而，它是如何工作的仍然是一个谜。我们研究的目的包括两部分:测试摇晃是否真的能改善睡眠，以及了解这在大脑层面是如何起作用的。可知，他的团队以回答这两个问题为目标。故选A项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
85、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever seen a rushing car without a driver?_36_ Companies like Google and Tesla have been designing and testing these cars.So how do they work? The cars have sensors all around which can detect other cars and obstacles in the road. Sensors on the wheel
86、s also help when parking, so the car knows how far it is from the kerb (马路牙子) or other parked cars. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems are used so the car knows how to get to your destination. _37_.Sound like your idea of heaven? Sitting back, looking out of the windows
87、 and even watching a film or reading a book while “driving” would be possible with this new technology. _38_ They would drive more safely than people and they have quicker reaction time in case of an emergency._39_ For example, computers would have difficulties making ethical (伦理的) decisions: if a c
88、hild ran into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or swerve(突然转向) and potentially kill the cars passengers?Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, saving money for everyone, many people would be put out of a job by the dawn o
89、f driverless cars. _40_ Im not convinced Id want a driverless car - but its only a matter of time before theyll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads.A. All you have to do is type in the address!B. There would also be many legal decisions to be made.C. However, there are many drawbacks
90、 of driverless cars.D. Driverless cars have many advantages as well as disadvantages.E. It sounds crazy, but driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you.F. In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans.G. Bus, taxi, train and tram drivers as well as driving instruct
91、ors would be made unnecessary.【答案】36. E 37. A 38. F 39. C 40. G【解析】本文是一篇说明文，说明了无人驾驶汽车的优缺点，并预测了它即将被广泛使用的趋势。【36题详解】根据上一句中的关键词“a rushing car without a driver（无人驾驶的疾驰汽车）”及空后一句中的“these cars”可知，此处的cars指的是无人驾驶的汽车。E选项“It sounds crazy, but driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you.”中的It指代空前的“a rush
92、ing car without a driver”，且转折连词but后的内容引出下文，表示Google，Tesla这样的公司正在设计和测试这样的汽车，符合语境。故选E项。【37题详解】根据前文“and satellite navigation systems are used so the car knows how to get to your destination. ”表示无人驾驶汽车通过使用卫星导航系统确定目的地，A选项“All you have to do is type in the address!（你所要做的就是输入地址）”描述如何操作到达目的地，与前文逻辑紧密，意思相符。故选
93、A项。【38题详解】空前“Sitting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film or reading a book while “driving” would be possible with this new technology. ”说明乘客在乘坐时的享受，而空后表示无人驾驶技术在安全性和处理应急问题时的优势。F选项“In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans.（此外，计算机通常是比人类更有效率的驾驶员）”说明了无
94、人驾驶更有优势的原因，引起下文，符合逻辑。故选F项。【39题详解】空处为本段的总起句。根据空后一句“For example, computers would have difficulties making ethical decisions（例如，计算机很难做出道德决策）”可知，本段说明了无人驾驶汽车的缺点。C选项“However, there are many drawbacks of driverless cars.（然而，无人驾驶汽车也有很多缺点）”作为总起句，符合逻辑。故选C项。【40题详解】空前“ many people would be put out of a job by t
95、he dawn of driverless cars. ”表示许多司机会因为无人驾驶汽车而失业。G选项“Bus, taxi, train and tram drivers as well as driving instructors would be made unnecessary.（公共汽车、出租车、火车和有轨电车司机以及驾驶教练将不再需要）”是对前一句的具体说明，符合逻辑。故选G项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An 11-year old
96、boy from Nigeria impressed the world with an online video of his ballet(芭蕾) dancing in the rain. Then something _41_ followed.Madu is one of 12 students of a dance school. Daniel, the school founder, is teaching children for free and hopes to “change some commonly held _42_ about ballet.”Gracefully
97、spinning(旋转) among a group of girl dancers, Madu _43_.While his mom wanted him to become a priest (牧师), the boy pushes himself hard to be what he _44_ to be.“I love dancing and it gives me a great feeling. People think ballet is only for girls, but I want people to _45_ that a boy could do the same,
98、” Madu said.The video of Madu _46_ his ballet skills in the downpour got _47_ from millions, including Mrs. Harvey, director from a top US dance school, who decided to _48_. She _49_ Madu with a full scholarship to her school and offered Daniel an online course for free to _50_ his teaching.Both Mad
99、u and his teacher went _51_ at the surprise! “Sorry for disappointing mom. I love the _52_ but not the prayer and Ill never give it up,” the boy _53_._54_, when you nourish(滋养) your dream with love and _55_, opportunities will find their own way .41. A. strangeB. amazingC. interestingD. humorous42.
100、A. ruleB. choiceC. hopeD. belief43. A. stands outB. looks outC. cheers upD. turns up44. A. pretendsB. desiresC. happensD. fails45. A. permitB. wonderC. seeD. explore46. A. teachingB. buildingC. correctingD. showing47. A. responsesB. adviceC. smilesD. agreements48. A. contactB. admitC. findD. help49.
101、 A. answeredB. attractedC. providedD. relaxed50. A. betterB. startC. quitD. pay51. A. teacherB. wildC. coldD. drunk52. A. teacherB. videoC. stageD. chance53. A. hesitatedB. regrettedC. laughedD. interrupted54. A. InterestinglyB. ClearlyC. SpeciallyD. Occasionally55. A. prideB. curiosityC. moneyD. de
102、votion【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一名来自尼日利亚的11岁男孩在网上发布了一段他在雨中跳芭蕾舞的视频，给世界留下了深刻的印象，也带来了意想不到的收获。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来，令人惊奇的事情发生了。A. strange奇怪的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. interesting有趣的；D. humorous幽默的。根据后文内容可知，视频发布之后惊奇的事情发生了。故选
103、B。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校创始人Daniel正在免费教孩子们芭蕾，他希望“改变人们对芭蕾一些普遍看法”。A. rule规则；B. choice选择；C. hope希望；D. belief信念；看法。根据“Daniel, the school founder, is teaching children for free”可知，Daniel希望改变人们对芭蕾的看法。故选D。【43题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Madu在一群跳舞的女孩中优雅地旋转着，脱颖而出。A. stands out突出；B. looks out当心；C. cheers up高兴起来；D. turns u
104、p出现。根据“Gracefully spinning(旋转) among a group of girl dancers”可知，Madu在一群跳舞者中非常突出。故选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的母亲希望他成为一名牧师，但男孩努力让自己成为他想成为的人。A. pretends假装；B. desires希望；要求；C. happens发生；D. fails失败。desire to希望。男孩Madu努力让自己成为自己所希望的人。故选B。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们认为芭蕾只适合女孩，但我想让人们看到，男孩也可以学。A. permit允许；B. wonder想知道；C
105、. see看见；D. explore探索。根据“a boy could do the same,” Madu said.”可知，Madu想让人们看到男孩也可以跳芭蕾。故选C。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Madu在倾盆大雨中表演芭蕾舞技巧的视频收到了数百万人的回复，其中包括美国一所顶级舞蹈学校的校长Harvey夫人，她决定提供帮助。A. teaching教；B. building建造；C. correcting更正；D. showing展示，表演。根据“his ballet skills in the downpour got 7from millions,”这里指男孩Madu在大雨中
106、表演芭蕾舞。故选D。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Madu在倾盆大雨中表演芭蕾舞技巧的视频收到了数百万人的回复，其中包括美国一所顶级舞蹈学校的校长Harvey夫人，她决定提供帮助。A. responses回应；B. advice建议；C. smiles微笑；D. agreements同意。根据“An 11-year old boy from Nigeria impressed the world with an online video of his ballet dancing in the rain.”可知，因为该视频是在网上发布的，所以收到了数百万人的回复。故选A。【48题详解】
107、考查动词词义辨析。句意：Madu在倾盆大雨中表演芭蕾舞技巧的视频收到了数百万人的回复，其中包括美国一所顶级舞蹈学校的校长Harvey夫人，她决定提供帮助。A. contact联系；B. admit承认；C. find发现；D. help帮助。根据“She _9_ Madu with a full scholarship to her school and offered Daniel an online course for free to _10_ his teaching.”可知，Harvey夫人决定提供帮助。故选D。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为Madu提供了学校的全额奖学金
108、，并为Daniel提供了免费的在线课程，以提高他的教学质量。A. answered回答；B. attracted吸引；C. provided提供；D. relaxed放松。根据“Madu with a full scholarship to her school”可知，Harvey夫人为Madu提供了全额奖学金。provide sb. with sth.提供某人某物。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为Madu提供了学校的全额奖学金，并为Daniel提供了免费的在线课程，以提高他的教学质量。A. better改善；B. start开始；C. quit放弃；D. pay支付。根据“
109、offered Daniel an online course for free”可知，提供Daniel免费的在线课程的目的是为了改善他的教学质量。故选A。【51题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：Madu和他的老师都沉醉在惊讶中。A. teacher老师；B. wild野外的；C. cold寒冷的；D. drunk陶醉的。因为这些是意想不到的收获，所以Madu和他的老师都沉醉在惊讶中。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“对不起，让妈妈失望了。我喜欢舞台，但不喜欢祈祷，我永远不会放弃它。”男孩笑着说。A. teacher老师；B. video视频；C. stage舞台；D. c
110、hance机会。根据“but not the prayer”可知，Madu并不想当牧师，他喜欢舞台。故选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“对不起，让妈妈失望了。我喜欢舞台，但不喜欢祈祷，我永远不会放弃它。”男孩笑着说。A. hesitated犹豫；B. regretted遗憾；C. laughed大笑；D. interrupted打断。这里指男孩Madu笑着说。故选C。【54题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，当你用爱和奉献来滋养你的梦想时，你就会获得很多机会。A. Interestingly有趣地；B. Clearly清楚地；C. Specially清楚地；D. Occasion
111、ally偶尔地。根据“when you nourish(滋养) your dream with love and _15_, opportunities will find their own way .”可知，这是显然易见的事情。故选B。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，当你用爱和奉献来滋养你的梦想时，你就会获得很多机会。A. pride自豪；B. curiosity好奇；C. money金钱；D. devotion奉献。根据“love”可知，这里指用爱和奉献来滋养自己的梦想。故选D。第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Natural resources are th
112、ings _56_ exist in nature and can be used by people. Some natural resources are renewable, like trees. When one tree is cut down, we can plant a new tree to replace it. Others, _57_, are not renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. Once it is used, it is _58_. (go)Although we all know that ou
113、r natural resources are limited, we often waste them in our daily life. Paper, bottles and cans _59_ (throw) away carelessly; food is wasted just because of its poor taste; clothes are rejected _60_ (simple) due to their old fashion. These valuable natural resources will run out before long _61_ bet
114、ter use is made of them.Actually, everyone can make contributions (贡献) to _62_ (protect) our natural resources. For example, _63_riding a bicycle or walking instead of driving, we can save lots of petrol. Water is a very important natural resource because we all need _64_ to stay alive. We can make
115、wise_65_ (choose) to save water, like reusing the water that has been used to wash vegetables to water flowers.【答案】56. which / that 57. however 58. gone 59. are thrown 60. simply 61. unless 62. protecting 63. by 64. it 65. Choices【解析】本文是说明文。讲述了自然资源不是取之不竭，用之不尽的东西，每个人都应该做出贡献保护自然资源。【56题详解】考查连词。句意：自然资源是
116、自然界中存在的，可以被人使用的东西。分析句子可知，空格引导定语从句用来修饰things。things是物，从句中作主语，用关系代词which和that均可，故填which/that。【57题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，其他的就不可再生，就像从地上挖出来的煤炭一样。前文说到“Some natural resources are renewable, like trees.”，而本句“Others, are not renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. ”句子结构完整，和上文构成转折关系，应填表示“然而”的单词。本空又有逗号隔开，故填how
117、ever。【58题详解】考查动词。句意：一旦被用掉，它就永远消失。is是系动词，接形容词作表语，gone“用完的；消失的”符合句意，故填gone。【59题详解】考查动词。句意：纸，瓶和罐被粗心地丢弃。“Paper, bottles and cans”是自己不会扔，被扔的东西，主语Paper, bottles and cans与谓语动词throw是被动关系，且描述现在的事实用一般现在时，故填are thrown。【60题详解】考查副词。句意：衣服仅仅因为不时尚就被拒绝。“simple”修饰的是“due to”，应用副词形式作状语。故填simply。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：这些有价值的自然资
118、源将在不久之后耗尽，除非更好地利用它们。本空前后构成条件关系，结合前后关系和句意，故填unless。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：其实每个人都可以为保护自然资源做出贡献。固定搭配contributions to doing sth为做出贡献，介词to后接动名词作宾语，故填protecting。【63题详解】考察介词。句意：骑自行车或行走而不是驾驶，我们可以节省大量汽油。by作介词时有通过、靠的意思，也有乘交通工具的意思，如：by bus乘公交。故填by。【64题详解】考查代词。句意：水是一个非常重要的自然资源，因为我们都需要它保持活力。本空应填Water，但是前半句有Water，不能重复
119、，所以用代词表示，water是不可数名词，用it替代。故填it。【65题详解】考查动词。句意：我们可以做出明智的选择来节约用水，比如重新利用已经用来洗蔬菜水的花朵。wise是形容词，睿智的，修饰名词，作宾语，所以本空应填名词,且根据句意，用复数，故填choices。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66. 假设你是李华，上周日上午，你们班同学到学校附近的公园组织了一次环保活动。请给校报写一篇报道介绍此次活动，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容（如清理垃圾，树立标牌，宣传演讲等）；3.你的看法。注意：1.词数：100词左右。2.可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯。【答案】On
120、the morning of last Sunday, our class organized all activity in the nearby park, aiming to raise our awareness of environmental protection.On arriving there, we were divided into three groups. The first group collected the rubbish, such as the waste paper, cigarette ends, plastic bags and so on. The
121、 second group set up several boards to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees. The last group gave a speech to the visitors on the danger of “white pollution” and the importance of protecting the environment.I think it is very important for us to protect the environment. For the s
122、ake of peoples health and happiness measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution and everyone should make a contribution to it.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生写一篇报道，介绍学校最近组织的一次环保活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：记叙文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总分法要求：1.活动目的；2.活动内容（如清理垃圾，树立标牌，宣传演讲等）；3.你的看法。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）aim to; be
123、divided into; such as; set up; give a speech; protect the environment; for the sake of第三步：连词成句1. On the morning of last Sunday, our class organized all activity in the nearby park, aiming to raise our awareness of environmental protection.2. On arriving there, we were divided into three groups.3. Th
124、e first group collected the rubbish, such as the waste paper, cigarette ends, plastic bags and so on.4. The second group set up several boards to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees.5. The last group gave a speech to the visitors on the danger of “white pollution” and the impor
125、tance of protecting the environment.6. I think it is very important for us to protect the environment.7. For the sake of peoples health and happiness, measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution and everyone should make a contribution to it.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.
126、表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考）3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 On the morning of last Sunday, our class organized all activity in the nearby park, aiming t
127、o raise our awareness of environmental protection. (运用了现在分词作状语)高分句型2 I think it is very important for us to protect the environment. (运用了it作形式主语)第二节（满分25分）67. 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。YoghurtIt was a rough week. The price of oil skyrocketed as the temperature dropped sharp
128、ly in Maine. We were looking at a high of eight degrees that week, and I had missed three days of work so my paycheck was going to be lower than normal. I was stressed, to say the least. I shopped strategically, looking for every possible way to cut pennies so I could buy groceries and keep the hous
129、e warm. My eight-year-old son didnt understand when I told him we were struggling that week. He wanted a special kind of yoghurt, but I didnt have the extra three dollars to buy it for him. It was the kind of yoghurt with a cartoon kid riding a skateboard on the front of the box, and a mere two spoo
130、nfuls in each cup. It was the kind of product that wastes a parents money and makes me hate advertising. I felt guilty as a parent when those big eyes looked at me with confusion, as if to say, “Its just yoghurt. Whats the big deal? ” So I found a way. I put something back as single mothers often do
131、. He got his yoghurt. On the way driving back from the grocery store, I noticed a homeless man holding a sign by the side of the road. My heart hurt, and I tried not to look at him. I watched people stay away from him on the street and walk by without even meeting his eyes. My son didnt seem to care
132、 much, either. I looked at the man closely then bare hands grasping a piece of cardboard, snot (鼻涕)frozen to his face, a worn-out jacket. And there I was struggling because I had to buy oil and groceries. But I decided to help him. I pulled over to the man and handed him a five-dollar bill. Seeing t
133、his my son became confused and surprised. _On that day, my son performed an act that most adults wouldnt have done_【答案】Seeing this, my son became confused and surprised. “Mum, why are you so generous to this stranger while so mean to me when I asked for a yoghurt? ” I explained that if we were blind
134、 to the poor mans situation he would be freezing. He didnt have a home or food to eat after all. We could spare five dollars even if we were financially stressed. Finally my son nodded and fixed his eyes on his yoghurt.On that day, my son performed an act that most adults wouldnt have done. He took
135、his yoghurt and handed it to the man outside his window. Even if it was a matter of a few spoonfuls of yoghurt, it was all he had, and he gave it to someone who needed it more than he wanted it. He showed me that I am doing well as a mother. There are always blessings to count if we open our eyes, a
136、nd we always have the opportunity to be a blessing to someone else.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续写。【详解】通读短文可知，由于物价以及自己工作的原因，本周在经济上对于作者来说是艰难的一周，作者和儿子在杂货店里购物，为了让儿子能买到他想买的酸奶。作者不得不放回去一些已经购买的商品。从杂货店开车回来的路上，作者注意到一个无家可归的人在路边举着一个牌子，尽管作者经济困难，还是给了这个无家可归的人5美元，短文续写由此展开。第一段开头：看到这些，作者的儿子感到困惑和惊讶。所以短文要续写儿子与作者之间的对话，以此介绍作者为什么要慷慨地给这
137、个无家可归的人5美元，而对于儿子买酸奶时却对儿子如此刻薄。第二段开头：那天，儿子做了一件大多数成年人不会做的事。所以短文要续写，儿子将自己心爱的酸奶递给窗外的无家可归的人，以及作者的感悟。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: even if 引导的让步状语从句和who引导的定语从句Even if it was a matter of a few spoonfuls of yoghurt, it was all he had, and he gave it to someone who needed it more than he wanted it.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。