1、课时作业(九)Unit 3Section Developing ideas & Presenting ideas阅读理解AThere is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and go
2、od memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our families often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of
3、 cultural identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make trad
4、itional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavour can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to mak
5、e small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavours that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.We should not only embrace our heritage (传统) through our cultures food, but also become more informed about other cultures by t
6、rying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window on culture, and it should be treated as such.1Whats the function of food mentioned in the text?ATo help motivate homesickness.
7、BTo show cultural identity.CTo reflect a countrys history.DTo show a communitys superiority.2What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe specific traditional food.BThe national culture.CA traditional expression of food.DThe oldfashioned taste.3Why do some immigrants have to chang
8、e the original dishes in their restaurants?ATo attach cultural importance to their dishes.BTo announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.CTo make the dishes popular among customers.DTo present their own food culture in a new way.4Whats the authors attitude towards different food cultures ?
9、ANegative. BBalanced.CUnfair. DUnchangeable.Chrysanthemums (菊花) are to the fall what tulips(郁金香) are to the spring.In ancient China chrysanthemums (or mums for short) were first planted thousands of years ago. People chose the chrysanthemum as their flower for October, a symbol of the rest and ease
10、that followed the seasons final harvest. Then they symbolized a scholar in retirement (退隐) and were one of the four noble (高贵的) plants along with bamboo, the plum blossom (梅) and the orchid (兰) .The Japanese hold the chrysanthemum as a symbol of the sun. They consider the orderly unfolding of its pe
11、tals (花瓣) to be a symbol of perfection. They also think that a single chrysanthemum petal placed at the bottom of a wine glass encourages a long and healthy life. The Japanese even have a National Chrysanthemum Day on September 9 known as the Festival of Happiness.In the United States during colonia
12、l times mums grew so popular that they now reign as “the Queen of the Fall Flowers”. Mums remain the most widely grown pot plant in the country and the largest commercially produced flowers. Chrysanthemums generally represent cheerfulness and rest. So they are welcomed throughout the British Isles a
13、nd North America for any occasion such as football games and parties.In other countries such as Italy, Belgium and Austria, however, their association with the dead makes chrysanthemums acceptable only for funerals and graves.5Why did people in ancient China choose the chrysanthemum as their flower
14、for October?ABecause it is a symbol of having a month of celebration.BBecause it is a symbol of having relaxation after the hard work in the harvest season.CBecause it is a symbol of loving this kind of flower during this month.DBecause it is a symbol of having another good harvest the next year.6Th
15、e Japanese consider the chrysanthemum as a symbol of the sun because _.Apeople like the flower just as they like the sun Bthe flower with its nice petals represents a symbol of perfectionCpeople find the flower having no perfect petals when it is unfoldingDthe flower unfolds its petals orderly just
16、like the sun7Mums are loved not only in the United States but in the British Isles as they stand for _.Acheerfulness and restBhappiness and joyCwealth and healthDluck and chance8In some European countries people use chrysanthemums to express their feeling of _.Aregret BcoldCsorrow DagreementCHow the
17、 languages of the world appeared is largely a mystery. Considering that it might have taken thousands of years, it is attractive to see how deaf people can create novel sign languages spontaneously. Interestingly, children played an important role in the development of these novel languages. However
18、, how exactly this happened has not been documented.In a series of studies, researchers attempted to recreate exactly this process. Children were invited to stay in two different rooms and an online connection was set up between them. After a brief familiarisation with the setup, the researchers sne
19、akily (偷偷地) turned off the sound and watched as the children found new ways of communicating that go beyond spoken language.The childrens task was to describe an image with different themes in a coordination game. With concrete thinglike a hammer or a forkchildren quickly found a solution by imitati
20、ng the matching action, for example, eating, in a gesture. But the researchers repeatedly challenged the children with new, more abstract pictures. In the course of the study, the images to be described became more and more complex, which was also reflected in the gestures that the children produced
21、. In order to communicate, the children invented separate gestures and began to combine themthus creating a kind of small local grammar.How does a language come into being? Based on the present study, the following steps appear reasonable: First, people create reference to actions and objects throug
22、h signs that resemble things. The precondition for this is a common ground of experience between interaction partners. Partners also coordinate (协调) by imitating each other so that they use the same signs for the same things. The signs thus gain interpersonal and eventually conventional meaning. Ove
23、r time, the relationships between the signs and things become more abstract and the meaning of the individual signs becomes more specific. Grammatical structures are gradually introduced when there is a need to communicate complex facts. However, the most remarkable aspect of the current studies is
24、that these processes can be observed under controlled circumstances and within 30 minutes.9How did the researchers carry out the experiment?ABy making the communication in total silence.BBy inferring and copying the documented materials.CBy observing children communicating face to face.DBy listening
25、 secretly to the communication of children.10What should children do in the studies?AShow how to do different things with different tools.BTake several oral examinations on languages.CDescribe things to others without spoken languages.DName some abstract objects which they have never seen.11What is
26、the process of creating a language?ASignsAcceptedmeaninglnterpersonalmeaningLanguageBInterpersonal meaningAcceptedmeaningSignsLanguageCAccepted meaningInterpersonalmeaningSignsLanguageDSignsInterpersonalmeaningAcceptedmeaningLanguage12What is the text mainly about?AThe development of novel sign lang
27、uages.BThe formation of languages.CThe role children play in creating languages.DThe circumstances of languages coming into being.课时作业(九)阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，每一道菜都是了解文化的一扇窗户。1答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段中的It also operates as an expression of cultural identity.可知，食物是一种文化身份的表达。故选B项。2答案与解析：A词义
28、猜测题。根据第二段中的traditional food is an important part of culture以及It also operates as an expression of cultural identity.可知，it代指的是前面提到的传统的食物。故选A项。3答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的Additionally，immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries.以及cater
29、to a wider range of customers可知，移民们改进他们餐馆里原有的菜肴是为了迎合更多来自不同国家的顾客。故选C项。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为我们应该通过传统食物来欣然接受我们的文化传统，通过品尝其他的食物来了解其他文化。所以作者对于食物文化的态度是客观公正的。故选B项。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了菊花在不同国家具有的象征意义。5答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段中的People chose the chrysanthemum as their flower for October, a symbol of the rest a
30、nd ease that followed the seasons final harvest.可知古代中国人将菊花选作十月之花，因为它象征着在丰收季节辛苦劳作结束后的休息和悠闲，故选B项。6答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的The Japanese hold the chrysanthemum as a symbol of the sun. They consider the orderly unfolding of its petals(花瓣)to be a symbol of perfection.可知日本人认为菊花象征着太阳，因为他们把菊花花瓣整齐有序地绽放看作是完美的象征。故选
31、B项。7答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段中的Chrysanthemums generally represent cheerfulness and rest. So they are welcomed throughout the British Isles and North America for any occasion such as football games and parties.可知在大不列颠岛和北美，菊花在任何场合比如足球比赛和聚会上都很受欢迎，因为它们象征着快乐和休息。故选A项。8答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知在意大利、比利时和奥地利等国家，菊花被用在与死
32、者有关的葬礼和墓地的场合中，而用在葬礼和墓地这种场合的花一般是为了表达悲伤，故选C项。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。语言是如何出现的在很大程度上仍是一个谜。本文主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列的实验，试图弄清楚语言是如何产生的。9答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段中的After a brief familiarisation with the setup, the researchers sneakily (偷偷地) turned off the sound and watched as the children found new ways of communicating that go
33、beyond spoken language.可知，研究人员是通过让孩子在完全没有声音的情况下进行交流来开展实验的。故选A项。10答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第二段内容及第三段中的The childrens task was to describe an image with different themes in a coordination game.可知，孩子在实验中的任务是在不用口头语言的情况下向他人描述事物。故选C项。11答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段中的First, people create reference to actions and objects through
34、 signs that resemble things. The precondition for this is a common ground of experience between interaction partners. Partners also coordinate (协调) by imitating each other so that they use the same signs for the same things. The signs thus gain interpersonal and eventually conventional meaning.可知，孩子们先用不同手势表达自己的意思，然后相互模仿，最后大家都使用固定手势表达特定的意思，从而形成语言。故选D项。12答案与解析：B主旨大意题。语言是如何出现的在很大程度上是一个谜。本文主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列的实验，试图弄清楚语言是如何产生的。故选B项。