1、单元语法：直接引语和间接引语 请求和命令学习目标：掌握直接引语和间接引语的用法。重点语法解说：1. 当祈使句作直接引语表示要求和命令时，变间接引语时常采用 tell/order/command sb.to sth.的形式。“Hurry up,”he said. He told me to hurry up.He said to them,“Dont go out.” He ordered them not to go out.注意：若直接引语中祈使句是否定形式, 变间接引语时,不定式符号to 前要加 not或never。2.当祈使句作直接变间接引语表示请求时，变间接引语时常采用request/
2、beg/ ask sb. to do sth.的形式。祈使句中的please 在间接引语中必须省去。“Please dont be late,”he said.-He asked me not to be late.He said,“Sit down,please.”-He asked me to sit down.3.有些疑问句并非提出询问，而是表示请求或祈求，这种问句变间接引语时常采用ask/beg/request sb.to do sth.结构。He asked.“Can you give me a lift?”-He asked me to give him a lift.“Would
3、 you (please) help me with my English ?”he asked.-He asked me to help him with his English.4. 有些表建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变间接引语时，可以用suggest, insist, offer等动词加以转述，此时要注意这些词的固定搭配。例如：He said, “Lets go to the museum.”-He suggested that we (should) go to the museum.He advised me to take a rest first.“What about having
4、 a drink ?” he said.-He suggested having a drink.5.直接变间接引语是感叹句时，间接引语可以用what 或how引导，也可以用that引导。例如：She said,”What a lovely day it is!”She said what a lovely day it was.( 或 She said that it was a lovely day.)总结：将一个祈使句由直接引语变成间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to 的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上 tell, ask,order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，在不定的前
5、面加 not或 never。预习自测题一、将下列直接引语变为间接引语（每空一词）。1. “Stand up!” John said to his son.John _ _ _ _ stand up. 2. “Dont answer the questions at once,” Mr. Li said to the students. Mr. Li told the students _ _ _ the questions at once.3. She said to me, “Please have a rest.”She _ _ _ have a rest. 4. “Why dont yo
6、u take a walk after supper?” he asked.He _ _ _ take a walk after supper.5. Mike said, “Lets go fishing.”Mike suggested _ fishing.Mike suggested that _ _ _ fishing.6. The girl said, “What nice people they are!”The girl said what nice people _ _.课堂检测题一、将下列直接引语变为间接引语。1.“Do some shopping for me ,please,
7、” he said to her _ 2.Mar said to me “Dont forget to answer that letter”_3.“Dont touch anything in the lab.”The teacher said to us. _4.He said, “If the boy refuses to help, tell his father.”_5.“Make sure the door is shut, ” said he. _当堂训练题I.翻译句子1.他告诉孩子们不要发出噪音。_2.他问我是否可以借给10 元钱。_3他让贝蒂去关窗户。_4她建议今晚召开一次会
8、议。_5她嘱咐山姆站在原地别动。_课后练习题语法填空English is a language 61. _ (speak) all around the world. There are more than 42 countries 62. _ the majority (大多数) of the people speak English. Most native speakers of English 63. _ (find) in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa
9、, Ireland and New Zealand. In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue. 64. _ equal number of people learn English as a second language. These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family, but the language of the government, scho
10、ols, newspapers and TV is English. However, the number of people who learn English as a foreign language 65. _ (be) more than 750 million. Most people learn English for five or six years at high school.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most 66. _ (wide) spoken and used in
11、the world. It is the working language of most international organizations. Foreign staff in China are not requested 67. _ (learn) Chinese. Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students can talk with them 68. _ (use) English. English is also the language of global culture, such as popular music and the Internet. You can listen to English songs 69. _ the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet. With so many people communicating in English every day, 70. _ will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.