1、2021高考英语词汇串记与阅读训练（六十一）Part 1 词汇精炼初级词汇LexicographyLexicography provides at its best a joyful sense of busyness with language，One is immersed in the details of language as in no other field. Sometimes the details are so overwhelming and （end）they sap the spirit and depress the mind，Often at the end of
2、 a hard days work one realizes with dismay the meager stack of finished work one has （accomplish） has an immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole ，As I hope the readers of this work will come to understand dictionaries do not sprint into being ，People must plan them collect information and
3、write them.， （Write） takes time and it is often frustrating and even infuriating.，No other form of writing is at once so quixotic and so intensely practical.， Dictionary making does not require brilliance or originality of mind.， It does require high intelligence mastery of the craft and dedication
4、to hard work.，If one has produced a dictionary one has the （satisfy） of having produced a work of enduring value.Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整1 2 3 4 5 答案：1.endless 2. that 3.accomplished 4.Writing 5.satisfactionExercise
5、 3：全文翻译 答案： 词典编纂的绝妙之处是给人一种与语言打交道的快乐感。不像其他领域，编词典的人整天都钻在语言材料中。有时碰到的语言材料浩如烟海，令人耗神。往往一天辛苦工作下来，发觉所完成的薄薄几页草稿只是全部工作的九牛一毛，好不沮丧。正如我希望这部著作的读者会逐渐明白的那样，词典并非是一蹴而就的。必须先制定计划，收集材料，然后方能编写。编写词典不仅耗费时间，而且常让人受挫，甚至恼怒。没有其他的写作像编纂词典那样，既要有空想又要脚踏实地。词典编纂并不需要横渡的才华或独创的思维，但却要求很高的智力，对词典编纂的精通，和甘于吃苦的精神。一个人编写出一部词典，就会因它的长久价值而得到一份快慰。高级
6、词汇Pollution Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in he lives.Many scientists maintain that one of mans greatest （error） has been to equate growth with advancement. Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspic
7、ion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. The （ grow） population makes increasing demands on the worlds fixed supply of air water and land. This rise in population is （accompany） by the desire of more and more people for a better s
8、tandard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment. Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past th
9、e point of no return before he （full） appreciates the damage.Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整1 2 3 4 5 答案：1. which 2.errors 3. growing 4. accompanied 5. fullyExercise 3：全文翻译 答案：污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多
10、科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种兵贵神速。Part 2 阅读练习Olympic host cities are generally considered to be equippe
11、d with advanced technology and expensive facilities. Now, people can just go there for a little Olympic-level entertainment.Athens, Greece (1896 and 2004)Home to the first modern Olympic games in 1896, Athens history of the Olympic tradition dates back several thousand years. Every four years, the O
12、lympic torch is lit at the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens before beginning its long journey to the new host city. Visitors can walk through the Olympic Velodrome in the Olympic Sports Complex and step back in time at the 50,000-seat stadium.Barcelona, Spain(1992)These days Barcelona is among the worl
13、ds most visitable cities even without Olympic fame, but that isnt always the case. The telecommunications tower built for the games by Spanish architect Calatrava is also an iconic(图像的） device of the citys skyline, and its Olympics stadium- Montjuic Stadium is regularly used to host A-list musical p
14、erformances like The Rolling Stones, Madonna, and Beyonce.St Moritz, Switzerland(1924 and 1948)Appropriately, the town that invented Alpine tourism has hosted the Winter Olympics twice, and continues to make use of its many sports facilities-if you can afford to get there. Stay at the Kulm Hotel for
15、 the easiest access to the Kulm Country Club, where guests can skate on the same lake used by mid-century Olympians, or test your courage on the Olympia Bob Run, one of the few places where you can ride a full-speed Olympic bobsled(双人雪橇） on a run constructed entirely of ice.Sydney, Australia (2000)T
16、he turn-of-the-century Sydney Summer Olympics were named the Green Games by the International Olympic Committee (10C) and were designed to introduce a more environmentally conscious way of hosting the event. The structure that best shows Sydneys efforts to be an example of continuing Olympic develop
17、ment is the ANZ Stadium.1Where does the host city get the Olympic torch lit?AAt the Panathenaic Stadium.BAt the Olympic Sports Complex.CAt the Montjuic Stadium.DAt the ANZ Stadium.2Who will probably choose to visit St.Moritz?AThose fond of ice-sports.BThose fond of listening to opera.CThose interest
18、ed in popular music.DThose interested in Olympic history.3Whats special about Sydney Olympic Games?ATheir designers are from Spain.BThey are thought poorly of by the IOCCThey are hosted in an environmentally friendly way.DTheir design intention is proposed by Sydney authority.【答案】1A2A3C【解析】这是一篇说明文。短
19、文介绍了了几个奥运会举办城市：雅典、西班牙巴塞罗那、瑞士圣莫里茨、澳大利亚悉尼的各自的特色。1细节理解题。第二段“Every four years, the Olympic torch is lit at the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens”可知，每四年，奥运火炬在雅典的帕纳尼克体育场点燃。结合选项，故选A项。2细节理解题。第四段“the town that invented Alpine tourism has hosted the Winter Olympics twice”可知，圣莫里茨已经举办了两届冬奥会，以及“where guests can skat
20、e on the same lake used by mid-century Olympians”可知，在那里，游客能够在中世纪奥运会选手使用过得同一个湖上滑冰，因此，喜欢冰上运动的人可能会选择圣莫里茨。结合选项，故选A项。3细节理解题。最后一段“Sydney Summer Olympics were named the Green Games ”可知悉尼夏季奥运会被国际奥委会命名为绿色奥运会，以及“were designed to introduce a more environmentally conscious way of hosting the event”可知，它被设计成旨在引入一种更环保的主办方式，结合选项，故选C项。