1、山东省泰安肥城市2021届高考英语适应性训练试题（一）（含解析）注意事项:1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANew events and changes of junior gol
2、f competition calendarNew eventsNotah Begay Junior Golf National ChampionshipWhat does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah Begay Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event br
3、oadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.Barbasol Junior ChampionshipBeginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior C
4、hampionship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club in Nicholasville, Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tours Barbasol Championshi
5、p in July.Changed eventsThunderbird International JuniorThe dates of the AJGAs Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However
6、, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.Gator InvitationalJunior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-lev
7、el experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson in Jackson, Mississippi.1. Wh
8、ich event can be watched on TV?A. Notah Begay Junior Golf National Championship.B. Barbasol Junior Championship.C. Thunderbird International Junior.D. Gator Invitational.2. When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?A. At the end of May.B. From April 9 to 12.C. Between June 29 and July
9、 2.D. From March 13 to 15.3. What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?A. The award given to the winnerB. The place where it is played.C. The required age of the players.D. The number of rounds it has.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了充满新事件和变化的少年高尔夫比赛日程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Notah Begay Ju
10、nior Golf National Championship中的 “A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah Begay Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel.” Notah Begay青少年高尔夫全国锦标赛将为参加者提供一个非凡的机会:由高尔夫频道转播的赛事。由此可知Notah Begay Junior Golf National Championship能在电视上观看。故选A。【2题
11、详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Thunderbird International Junior中的“However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, ” 然而，今年的比赛第一次安排在不同的日期，从4月9日到12日.由此可知Thunderbird International Junior在4月9日到12日进行。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Gator Invitational中的“Because of that, the Gator Invitati
12、onal, as a junior boys event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year.” 正因为如此，Gator邀请赛，作为一项初级男孩赛事，做出了一个重大决定，在今年增加一轮比赛，成为一项54-hole赛事，由此可知，Gator Invitational比赛的数量发生了变化。故选D。【点睛】应用文多是细节理解题。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然
13、后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题2题干中的Thunderbird International Junior，再如小题3题干中的Gator Invitational，定位回到原文中，可以帮助快速找出答案。BIn an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.Sabahattin Ylmaz was at home one chilly day. After a rain shower
14、had passed, he noticed something landed on the sill (窗台) outside his windowa cold and wet pigeon. The animal was trembling and soaked; it clearly didnt have the chance to seek shelter before the rain began. Feeling for the poor pigeon, Ylmaz thought of a way to dry him off.Rather than pick him up an
15、d take him inside to warm up, Ylmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Ylmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pige
16、on. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.Ylmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird. He said he had just opened his window when he saw the pigeon around the corner of the sill. He described it as wet and “about to
17、freeze” from the cold and rainy weather.After fifteen minutes, Ylmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily. However, the bird remained wet still. “I saw that it was still there so I warmed it up again, after the pigeon recovered again, and after eating a good amount of seed, it flew away,”
18、Ylmaz recalled.He also didnt know that he was being recorded at the time and that the video was shared online. He simply did it out of the kindness of his heart. “The pigeon is a living creature and deserved to continue living, that is why I did it,” he said.4. What is the text mainly about?A. An on
19、line video about a pigeon became a hit.B. A man warmed up a wet and cold pigeon.C. A man invented a creative way to help birds.D. A man lives in harmony with a pigeon.5. What was the birds reaction to Sabahattin Ylmazs behavior?A. It was scared and flew away.B. It was annoyed and refused his help.C.
20、 It was ready to accept his assistance.D. It was happy to settle in his home.6. What can we see from the video?A. A man was filming Ylmazs kindness.B. A pigeon was jumping back and forth when dried off.C. Ylmaz was warming a pigeon in a novel way.D. Yilmaz was stretching his arms to catch a pigeon.7
21、. Which of the following words can best describe Sabahattin Ylmaz?A. Indifferent but creative.B. Patient and ambitious.C. Talented but careless.D. Sympathetic and warm-hearted.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子Sabahattin Ylmaz被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一
22、段“In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.”（为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个人暖了一只又湿又冷的鸽子。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the video, Ylmaz can be seen leaning out of his window.
23、 He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.”（在视频中，可以看到Ylmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对Sabahattin Ylmaz的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ra
24、ther than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Ylmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Ylmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the ho
25、t air can reach the pigeon.”（Ylmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到Ylmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到Ylmaz正在用一种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Ylmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird.（
26、Ylmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句“Ylmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird.（Ylmaz告诉媒体，他花了大约15分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句“After fifteen minutes, Ylmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily.（十五分钟后，Ylmaz给了鸽子食，他吃得很开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心的”最能描述Sabahattin Ylmaz。故选D。CThe
27、 idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.Theyve discovered that adding millions of discarded face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of th
28、e road, while preventing billions of them from landfills. Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road.The new material is a mixture of about 2% tor
29、n masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings. This recycled material was found in the study to be ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. Paving a kilometer of two-way road with the
30、RCA and three million face masks would result in a change of 93 tons of waste from landfills.The final product then is more resistant to wear than asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, provided there was a method for collecting masks. The research team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $2
31、6 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining raw materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill.The widespread application would be ideal for large infrastructure (基础设施) projects. For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed
32、 repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.Its said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to gi
33、ve their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.8. What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in paragraph 2?A. Recycled.B. Produced.C. Mixed.D. Abandoned.9. What is the new material used to pave ways made of?A. 2% torn masks, concrete and tons of trash.B. Polypropylene plastic
34、and building materials.C. Single-use surgical masks and recycled concrete aggregate.D. Waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.10. Why are numbers mentioned in paragraph 5?A. To tell us what the team has found.B. To prove this material is cost-effective in paving roads.C. To expla
35、in repairing roads costs a lot of materials.D. To praise the hard work the team has done.11. What can we learn from the text?A. The material used to pave roads is made of masks.B. Generally speaking, it requires two layers to create roadways.C. It remains to be tested whether the solution is practic
36、al.D. The damaged roads in Washington were repaired with the RCA.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了疫情大流行期间每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨尔本的一组研究人员计划将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去，不过该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Theyve discovered that adding millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actu
37、ally lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills.”可知，他们发现，将数百万个口罩添加到铺路混合料中，实际上可以降低道路成本，同时防止数十亿个口罩被填埋。根据第一段的“The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may h
38、ave the solution.”可知，疫情大流行期间每周有数十亿人戴着口罩的想法肯定会敲响警钟，但墨尔本的一组研究人员可能有解决方案。将上下文结合起来可知，解决方案是将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去。由此可知，划线单词意为“被遗弃的”。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increas
39、ed the flexibility and durability of the road. ”可知，仅一公里的道路就需要300万个口罩，而用于制造一次性手术口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韧性和耐用性。再根据第三段的“The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.”可知，这种新材料是约2破损
40、口罩与再生混凝土骨料（RCA）的混合物，后者是从废弃混凝土和被毁建筑物中的其他矿物中获得的。由此可知，铺路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨料组成的。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 1
41、0 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.”可知，例如，就美国未解决的维修而言，华盛顿的道路是美国第11糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和口罩的混合物来修复华盛顿州受损的道路，它将重复使用近100亿个口罩，从而使美国的垃圾掩埋场减少数亿吨的垃圾填埋。由此可知，第5段中提到的数字是为证明这种材料在铺路时具有成本效益。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Its said that the team is looking for private indust
42、ry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”可知，据说，该团队正在寻找愿意为其塑料口罩道路提供大规模测试机会的私营行业合作伙伴或政府。由此可知，该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。故选C。DBuying clothes for a special event, hiding the price tickets and returning them to the store the next day has for years been
43、 the method of economical shoppers. Today people are doing it just for social media.A survey conducted by the credit card company Barclaycard revealed that nearly one in ten UK shoppers admits to buying clothing only to post photos on social media for likes. After the “outfit (装束) of the day” makes
44、it online, they return it to the store. According to Barclaycard, the “try before you buy” policy of online retailers (零售商) where people pay for clothing they order online after they try it on at home could be contributing to this rising trend.But the rise of social media has meant that everyone, no
45、t just superstars, expects to build and maintain a personal brand. Since were documenting our lives and posting them online for public judgment, getting caught in the same outfits more than once should be avoided. And the cost of all those outfits of the day adds up, which makes returning a popular
46、way.There are brands that tailor clothes specifically for social media shoppers, like Fashion Nova. “These are clothes made for social media: meant to be worn once, photographed and abandoned,” Allison P. Davis wrote in her report about the brand. Another favorite of the social media age is Rent the
47、 Runway, which lets customers rent designer clothing for a fee.Some, however, are moving in the opposite direction. Groups promoting “work uniforms” have increased greatly in recent years, aiming to free women from “the annoyance of clothing decisions”. The concept of the “capsule wardrobe” (胶囊衣柜),
48、which calls for purchasing a small number of high-quality pieces instead of lots of trendy throwaway clothes, is also making a comeback.12. What does the survey by Barclaycard indicate?A. Some Britons send outfits back after shoots.B. Britons try on clothes before online purchases.C Britons follow t
49、he fashion stars closely.D. Some Britons over-order and return clothes.13. Whats Fashion Novas special service?A. Renting chargeable designer clothes.B. Offering customers single-use clothes.C. Creating unique shopping experiences.D. Helping shoppers improve their clothing style.14. Whats the idea b
50、ehind the “capsule wardrobe”?A. Better fewer, but better.B. Less addition, but more enjoyment.C. Less uniform and more freedom.D. More choices and less annoyance.15. Whats the purpose of the author to write the text?A. To compare different wearing trends.B. To criticize the “try before you buy” poli
51、cy.C. To advocate buying high-quality clothes.D. To introduce Britains new wearing trend.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述的是，在英国一种新的穿衣潮流出现，即一些人为了维护在社交媒体上的形象，经常购买衣服，穿上拍照后就退货。本文介绍了这种潮流出现的原因，服装品牌对应的措施，以及与之相反的穿衣趋势。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“A survey conducted by the credit card company Barclaycard
52、revealed that nearly one in ten UK shoppers admits to buying clothing only to post photos on social media for likes. outfit (装束) of the day makes it online, they return it to the store. (巴克莱信用卡公司开展的一项调查显示，近十分之一的英国购物者承认自己买衣服只是为了把照片发到社交媒体上获得点赞。当天的服装在网上完成后，他们会把衣服退回商店。)”可知，一些英国人在拍摄后把衣服送回去。故选A项。【13题详解】细节
53、理解题。根据第四段中“There are brands that tailor clothes specifically for social media shoppers, like Fashion Nova.(有些品牌专门为社交媒体购物者定制服装，比如Fashion Nova。)”以及Allison P. Davis所写“These are clothes made for social media: meant to be worn once, photographed and abandoned.(这些衣服是为社交媒体设计的：穿一次、拍照和丢弃。)”可知，Fashion Nova的特别
54、服务是为顾客提供一次性衣服。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The concept of the capsule wardrobe, which calls for purchasing a small number of high-quality pieces instead of lots of trendy throwaway clothes, is also making a comeback.(胶囊衣橱的概念也正在回归，胶囊衣橱指的是购买少量高品质的衣服，而不是大量购买流行的一次性衣服。)”可知，胶囊衣橱”背后的理念是越少越好。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。
55、通读全文可知，本文主要讲述是，在英国一种新的穿衣潮流出现，一些人为了维护在社交媒体上的形象，经常购买衣服，穿上拍照后就退货。本文介绍了这种潮流出现的原因，服装品牌对应的措施，以及另外的穿衣趋势。所以，本文的写作目的是向读者客观地介绍英国新的穿衣潮流。故选D项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Simplify Your Home Cleaning RoutineThere are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods a
56、re those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals. _16_ . Armed with these, youll soon be looking for reasons to clean.1 Keep stuff dryWetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curta
57、in open when not in use to allow for airflow. _17_ . If you have dirty rags or dish cloths, hang them to dry between laundry loads.2. _18_You know how you move your face around in a mirror, using different angles to get a clear look? The same logic applies to cleaning. Use a flashlight to shine on s
58、urfaces, floors, and comers in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.3. Put tools everywhereA subtle yet effective trick: If there are cleaning brushes, rags, and solutions in every room or at least on every floor of the house, youll tend to jump into a job when it needs to be done： _19_
59、 .4. Never skip these two tasksIf you make your bed every morning, youll start the day with a small sense of accomplishment and end it with a sense of satisfaction. _20_ . Melissa Maker, owner of Toronto-based company Clean My Space, describes it as “the bed of the kitchen”.A. Light the dirtB. Purch
60、ase a flashlightC. The same goes for the kitchen sinkD. Always run a fan or open a window when showering to let out steamE. Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthierF. With the proper tricks up your sleeve, youll always feel ready for the job .G. have to climb a flight
61、 of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文。文章介绍了几种打扫房子的方法，这些方法既省时又省力，同时避免使用有毒的清洁化学品。【16题详解】由上文“There are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals.”可
62、知，前文说的是打扫房子有很多方法，但最好的方法是那些节省时间和精力，同时避免有毒的清洁化学品。再根据空后的 “Armed with these, youll soon be looking for reasons to clean.”意思是有了这些，你很快就会寻找清洁的原因。空处应该是为打扫房子提供方便而又健康的建议。E 选项“Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthier”说“以下是一些简单的技巧，可以使任务更轻松，更健康。”符合语境，故选 E。【17题详解】由小标题Keep stuff dry
63、可知讲的如何保持物品干燥。由文中“Wetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to allow for airflow.”（当保持浴室和厨房清洁时，由于它会吸收细菌，因此潮湿是大敌。不使用时，请保持淋浴门或窗帘打开，以确保空气流通。）主要讲了具体的保持干燥的方法，D选项“淋浴时务必运转风扇或打开窗户以释放蒸汽”。与上文相一致
64、，故选 D。【18题详解】根据“Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed”可知，这一段的建议是用手电照亮地面、地板和角落，找出你可能错过的灰尘，A选项“照亮灰尘”，与下文一致，最适合作段落标题，故选 A。【19题详解】由标题Put tools everywhere可知是工具无处不在。由文中“If there are cleaning brushes, rags, and solutions in every roo
65、m or at least on every floor of the house, youll tend to jump into a job when it needs to be done.”（如果每个房间或至少每层楼都有清洁刷、抹布和清洁剂，你就会在需要做的时候立马投入工作。）可知，本段的建议是把工具放在家里的每个地方，接着介绍了这样做的好处，因此接下来反过来说如果拿工具不方便，就不会随手打扫卫生。G选项“have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it”（必须爬楼梯才能获得正
66、确的工具，你可能会忽略它）与上文相照应，故选 G。【20题详解】由前文“If you make your bed every morning, youll start the day with a small sense of accomplishment and end it with a sense of satisfaction.”（如果你每天早晨都整理床铺，那么你会以一种小的成就感开始新的一天，并以一种满足感来结束一天。）可知整理床铺使自己有成就感。由下文 describes it as “the bed of the kitchen”，这里提到的另一项任务应该是厨房里的设施。C项“厨
67、房水槽也是如此。”与上文一致。故选 C。第二部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Jade lives in Australia, a country famous for kangaroos, but not for snow. Yet at 12, she _21_ to ski at the North Pole.Despite the lack of authentic training space, Jade still built her _22_ at t
68、he gym. She ran with giant tyres attached to her waist to _23_ what it was like to _24_ a sled across ice. By the age of 14, Jade was _25_.The far north is not a blank carpet of soft snow, but Jade _26_ the tough conditions. Even though every part of her body was _27_, she never thought of giving up
69、. In April, 2016, Jade made _28_, becoming the youngest person to ski to the North Pole.When talking about her _29_, she stated that every human body is _30_, whether you are a man or a woman. But when the talk was _31_ online, some Internet bullies (霸凌者) wrote mean _32_ like “Make me a sandwich”, t
70、o make her feel small.To prove womens place is far beyond the _33_, Jade and her team pushed on to the South Pole and made it. Holding a plate with a sandwich, Jade _34_ had her photo taken and posted online. She dared the bullies, “I made you a sandwich. Now _35_ 37 days and 600 km to the South Pol
71、e, and you can eat it.”21. A. managedB. decidedC. offeredD. afforded22. A. careerB. confidenceC. strengthD. team23. A. tellB. feelC. rememberD. share24. A. pullB. stretchC. pushD. carry25. A. matureB. determinedC. availableD. ready26. A. bravedB. improvedC. predictedD. identified27. A. workingB. ref
72、usingC. bleedingD. aching28. A. progressB. promisesC. historyD. efforts29. A. hobbyB. adventureC. advantageD. award30. A. complexB. beautifulC. amazingD. valuable31. A. deliveredB. postedC. declaredD. remarked32. A. commentsB. suggestionsC. concernsD. greetings33. A. gymB. fieldC. kitchenD. office34
73、. A. unwillinglyB. casuallyC. secretlyD. proudly35. A. skiB. walkC. runD. cycle【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jade在12岁时决定滑雪去北极，经过两年的训练，她做好了准备并且创造了历史，成为滑雪到北极最年轻的人。而在面对网上霸凌者刻薄的言论时，她和她的团队前往南极并成功了，证明了女性的地位不仅仅只是在厨房里。【21题
74、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而在12岁时，她决定滑雪去北极。A. managed管理；B. decided决定；C. offered提议；D. afforded买得起。根据后文“to ski at the North Pole.”结合下文她去北极滑雪，可知Jade决定滑雪去北极，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管缺乏真正的训练空间，Jade还是在健身房锻炼了自己的力量。A. career事业；B. confidence自信；C. strength力量；D. team队伍。根据后文“She ran with giant tyr
75、es attached to her waist to”可知Jade锻炼的是自己的力量。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跑着，腰上系着巨大的轮胎，想感受一下拉雪橇穿越冰面的感觉。A. tell告诉；B. feel感觉；C. remember记得；D. share分享。根据后文“what it was like toa sled across ice”可知腰上系着巨大的轮胎，是为了感受拉雪橇穿越冰面的感觉。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跑着，腰上系着巨大的轮胎，想感受一下拉雪橇穿越冰面的感觉。A. pull拉；B. stretch舒展；C. push推动；D.
76、carry搬运。根据后文“a sled across ice”可知指拉雪橇穿越冰面，pull符合语境。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：14岁的时候，Jade已经准备好了。A. mature成熟的；B. determined坚决的；C. available可获得的；D. ready准备好的。结合后文描述冰天雪地的环境，可知Jade已经准备好滑雪去北极了。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：遥远的北方不是一片柔软的白地毯，但Jade勇敢面对艰难的条件。A. braved勇敢面对；B. improved改善；C. predicted预测；D. identified识别。根据
77、后文“the tough conditions”结合but表示转折，说明虽然条件艰苦，但是Jade还是勇敢面对了。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她身体的每个部位都在疼痛，但她从未想过放弃。A. working工作；B. refusing拒绝；C. bleeding流血；D. aching疼痛。结合上文“Even though every part of her body was”以及上一段中提到感受拉雪橇穿过冰面，可推知Jade的身体遭受了艰苦锻炼，每个部位都在疼痛。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年4月，Jade创造了历史，成为滑雪到北极最年轻的人。
78、A. progress进步；B. promises诺言；C. history历史；D. efforts努力。根据后文“becoming the youngest person to ski to the North Pole.”可知Jade成为滑雪到北极最年轻的人，创造了历史。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当谈到她的冒险时，她说每个人的身体都是惊人的，无论你是男人还是女人。A. hobby爱好；B. adventure冒险；C. advantage优势；D. award奖励。结合上文“becoming the youngest person to ski to the Nort
79、h Pole.”可知Jade成为滑雪到北极最年轻的人，这是她的一次冒险。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当谈到她的冒险时，她说每个人的身体都是惊人的，无论你是男人还是女人。A. complex复杂的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. amazing令人惊异的；D. valuable宝贵的。根据上文Jade虽然在艰苦的条件中身体每个部位都在疼痛，但她还是成功滑雪到了北极，可见她意识到每个人的身体都是惊人的，无论男女。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当这段谈话被放到网上后，一些网络霸凌者发布了“给我做个三明治”这样刻薄的评论，来让她觉得自己很渺小。A. deli
80、vered递送；B. posted发布；C. declared断言；D. remarked评论。根据后文“Make me a sandwich”以及主语“some Internet bullies”可知此处指网上霸凌者发布的一些刻薄的评论。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当这段谈话被放到网上后，一些网络霸凌者写了“给我做个三明治”这样刻薄的评论，来让她觉得自己很渺小。A. comments评论；B. suggestions建议；C. concerns关心；D. greetings问候。根据后文“like “Make me a sandwich”可知一些网络霸凌者写了“给我做个三
81、明治”这样刻薄的评论，comments符合语境。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了证明女性的地位不仅仅只是在厨房，Jade和她的团队前往南极并成功了。A. gym健身房；B. field领域；C. kitchen厨房；D. office办公室。根据上文“Make me a sandwich”可知这些霸凌者说做三明治是想说女性应该待在厨房做饭，而Jade用自己的行动证明了女性的地位远远超过了在厨房做饭。故选C。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jade 拿着一个装着三明治的盘子，自豪地拍了张照片传到网上。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. casually随便地；C.
82、 secretly秘密地；D. proudly自豪地。根据上文“Jade and her team pushed on to the South Pole and made it”可知Jade和她的团队前往南极并成功了，因此此刻她很自豪。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向那些霸凌者挑战，“我给你做了个三明治。现在滑雪37天，600公里到南极，你就可以吃了。”A. ski滑雪；B. walk散步；C. run奔跑；D. cycle循环。呼应上文“to ski at the North Pole.”指滑雪去南极。故选A。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文
83、，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Drinking coffee could activate the bodys fat-fighting defenses, which is a _36_ (discover) that could have a potential effect in the battle against obesity and diabetes. In a study, researchers said that coffee may help stimulate our brown fat reserves, _37_ plays a key rol
84、e in how quickly we can burn calories.There are two forms of fat cells, brown cells and white cells, and each _38_ (play) a different role in our body. While brown cells help generate heat, white cells take responsibility _39_ the storage of fat or energy.“Brown fat works _40_ (different) from other
85、 fat in your body and produces heat by _41_ (burn) sugar and fat, often in response to cold,” said Professor Michael Symonds. “Increasing _42_ (it) activity improves blood sugar control, and the extra calories burnt help with weight loss. However, until now, no one has found an _43_ (accept) way to
86、stimulate its activity in humans.“We are now trying to find out _44_ theres another component helping with the activation of brown fat, besides caffeine.” Symonds said, “Once we have confirmed which component is responsible for this, it could potentially be used as part of a weight-management method
87、 or regulation program _45_ (help) prevent diabetes.”【答案】36. discovery 37. which 38. plays 39. for 40. differently 41. burning 42. its 43. acceptable 44. if/whether 45. to help【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究：喝咖啡可以激活身体的抗脂肪防御系统，咖啡可能有助于刺激身体里的棕色脂肪储备，从而促进卡路里的燃烧。这一发现可能对对抗肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：喝咖啡可以激活身体
88、的抗脂肪防御系统，这一发现可能对对抗肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用。根据空前不定冠词“a”可知，所填空应是名词。“discover”，动词，意为“发现”，其名词形式为“discovery(发现)”，可数名词，由冠词a可知应用其单数形式。故填discovery。【37题详解】考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：在一项研究中，研究人员表示，咖啡可能有助于刺激我们棕色脂肪储备，而棕色脂肪对我们燃烧卡路里的速度起着关键作用。分析可知，“_2_ plays a key role in how quickly we can burn calories”为非限制性定语从句，修饰之前名词“brown fat(棕色脂肪)
89、”，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【38题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：脂肪细胞有两种形式，棕色细胞和白色细胞，它们在我们的身体中扮演着不同的角色。分析可知，所填动词应是句子“each _3_ (play) a different role in our body”中的谓语动词，结合前文动词“are”可知，应是一般现在时，主语“each”为第三人称单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。【39题详解】考查介词和固定短语。句意：棕色细胞帮助产生热量，而白色细胞负责储存脂肪或能量。“take responsibility for sth”，固定短语，意为“对负
90、责”。故填for。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：“棕色脂肪的工作原理不同于你体内的其他脂肪，它通过燃烧糖和脂肪来产生热量，通常是对寒冷的反应，”迈克尔西蒙兹教授说。分析可知，所填空应是副词作状语修饰谓语动词“works”。“different”，形容词，意为“不同的”，其副词形式为“differently(不同地)”。故填differently。【41题详解】考查动名词。句意：“棕色脂肪的工作原理不同于你体内的其他脂肪，它通过燃烧糖和脂肪来产生热量，通常是对寒冷的反应，”迈克尔西蒙兹教授说。分析可知，空前“by”为介词，意为“凭借；通过”，所填空应是动名词作宾语。“by doing sth”，
91、意为“通过做某事的方式”。故填burning。【42题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：增加它的活动可以改善血糖控制，燃烧的额外热量有助于减肥。分析可知，空后“activity(活动)”为名词，所填空应是形容词性物主代词作其定语。故填its。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，到目前为止，还没有人找到一种可接受的方法来刺激它在人体中的活动。分析可知，空后“way”为名词，所填空应是形容词作其定语。“accept”，动词，意为“接受”，其形容词形式为“acceptable(可接受的)”。故填acceptable。【44题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：“我们现在正试图找出除了咖啡因之外，是否还
92、有其他成分有助于激活棕色脂肪。”分析可知，“_9 _ theres another component helping with the activation of brown fat, besides caffeine”为之前动词短语“find out”的宾语从句。从句中句子结构完整，结合动词短语“find out”意为“查明；弄清楚”含义，从句应表达“是否”含义，应用if/whether引导从句。故填if/whether。【45题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：西蒙兹说：“一旦我们确定了是哪一种成分导致了这种情况，它就有可能被用作体重管理方法或控制计划的一部分，以帮助预防糖尿病。”分析可知，句
93、子已有谓语“could be used”，所填动词应是目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to help。第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。北京冬奥组委会正在招募志愿者，其职责为接待各国运动员及宣传中国文化，组委会要求志愿者能够熟练运用英语，请你用英文写一封申请信。内容包括：1.申请原因；2.你的优势；3.相关经历。注意：1. 词数不少于 100；2. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Sir/Madame,I have learned that volunteers for Beijing Winter Olympic Ga
94、mes are needed.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Sir/Madame,I have learned that volunteers for Beijing Winter Olympic Games are needed. Im writing to apply for this position.As a Beijinger, I think it is a privilege and duty for me to offer the best voluntary service to our foreign guests and meanwhile
95、 promote Chinese culture.I believe Im qualified for the job. I have a good command of English and Im confident in giving players guidance and help as required. Whats more, I have an extensive knowledge of winter sports, which will prove helpful in communicating with players. In addition, I have been
96、 involved in several international exchange programs, and enjoyed spreading our culture to foreigners.I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your time and consideration.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英文写一封申请信，申请成为北京冬奥会志愿者。【详解】1.词汇积累提供：provideoffer促
97、进：boostpromote大量的：massiveextensive另外：in addition=besides2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：I believe Im qualified for the job. I have a good command of English and Im confident in giving players guidance and help as required.拓展句：I believe Im qualified for the job because I have a good command of English and Im confident
98、 in giving players guidance and help as required.【点睛】高分句型1 I have learned that volunteers for Beijing Winter Olympic Games are needed. (运用了that引导宾语从句)高分句型2 Whats more, I have an extensive knowledge of winter sports, which will prove helpful in communicating with players.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)第二节 （满分25
99、 分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In my thirty-year teaching profession one of the best teachers I have ever known is Mr Rowe. I was lucky enough to teach fourth grade together with him.Mr. Rowe had endless patience and understanding and I learned so much from watching him. He could perfor
100、m miracles, like the one he performed with Steven, one of the unhappiest kids I had ever seen. Steven couldnt stand school. He didnt like being picked last for kickball. He didnt like the kids who raised their hands and knew all the answers, and most importantly, he didnt like himself.The first day
101、he walked into Mr. Rowes classroom, he ignored the other students, looking angry and annoyed, and slid into his chair, knocking a couple of textbooks onto the floor.Mr. Rowe walked over to him and touched Stevens shoulder, but Steven pulled away. Nevertheless, Mr. Rowe welcomed him:“Hi, Steven. Im h
102、appy you are in my class. We are gonna have a great year.” Steven looked around the room as if Mr. Rowe must be mistaken. No teacher in his right mind would want Steven to be part of his classroom. So, while Mr. Rowe seemed cheerful and relaxed that day of school, it seemed like Steven was angry and
103、 confused.That day after classes, Mr. Rowe chose Steven to pitch (投球) the kickball during the break. “Hey, Steven,” Mr. Rowe commented, “You are good at pitching. Let me show you my secret trick.” Mr. Rowe taught Steven one of the tricks that not a single kid could perform. Steven learned fast and d
104、id quite well! Everyone cheered for him!After the kickball, Steven sat as close to Mr. Rowe in classes as he could. When a question was asked, Steven lit up; when he knew the answer, he raised his hand; when he answered the question, his voice shook. However, he got the answer right! He said, with M
105、r. Rowe, his days of the fourth grade promised wonderful. It was obvious that Steven grew to love Mr. Rowe more and more with each passing day.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右：2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school._Many years later, Mr. Rowe an
106、d I were surprised when a handsome young man walked into our classroom, dressed in the army uniform._【答案】Paragraph 1：Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school. All the teachers filled the sidewalk, waving goodbye to the kids. But on that particular day,
107、Steven walked slowly to the bus, his head down, tears in his eyes. He boarded the bus reluctantly, hesitated, and then ran back off the bus to hug Mr. Rowe. “I dont want to leave you.” He sobbed. With red-rimmed eyes, Mr. Rowe comforted him, “I will miss you, too.”Paragraph 2：Many years later, Mr. R
108、owe and I were surprised when a handsome young man walked into our classroom, dressed in the army uniform. The young man stood tall and proud. It was Steven! Mr. Rowe and I couldnt believe our eyes. He saluted and hugged Mr. Rowe tightly! “I have come back to school today just to say thanks to you!”
109、 It is my hope that every teacher is blessed with such a wonderful experience of a former student coming back to say, simply to say a very simple THANKS.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mr. Rowe老师对学困生Steven的关心。刚开始Steven表示不接受，但是Mr. Rowe老师耐心地教育他，最后Steven学习进步，并在多年后回校感谢Mr. Rowe老师的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“那一年时间过得很快，不
110、知不觉中，已经是上学的最后一天了。”可知，第一段可描写毕业告别的一系列活动尤其是Mr. Rowe老师和Steven之间的互动。由第二段首句内容“多年以后，当一个穿着军装的英俊年轻人走进我们的教室时，Mr. Rowe老师和我都很惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写Steven回学校看望Mr. Rowe老师的活动和表达了感谢之情。2.续写线索：上学的最后一天师生告别Steven恋恋不舍Steven与老师道别Steven返校老师惊讶Steven感谢老师3.词汇激活跟某人说再见：wave goodbye to sb./say goodbye to sb.坐上车：board the bus/get on the bus返回：run back/return/get back情绪类：不情愿地：reluctantly/unwillingly惊讶的：surprised/astonished/amazed【点睛】高分句型1. All the teachers filled the sidewalk, waving goodbye to the kids.(运用了现在分词作状语)高分句型2. I have come back to school today just to say thanks to you!(使用了动词不定式作目的状语)