1、写作规范练2.应用文写作假定你是李华。请给你的美国笔友Paul写一封电子邮件，介绍中国春节习俗的变化。内容包括：1春节送礼习俗的变化；2今昔拜年形式的对比；3庆祝活动的变化。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_参考范文Dear Paul，Id like to tell you about some differences in the Spring Festival customs between the past and the present.While people used to send some festival necessities like wine a
2、nd meat to their relatives, they choose electrical products instead nowadays.People now make phone calls or send WeChat messages to express their New Year wishes.It proves to be more convenient than paying doortodoor visits.As for festivities, people used to celebrate the holiday by having drinks, w
3、earing new clothes and setting off fireworks and firecrackers.Today, people go for travells and have parties in order to avoid making noise or causing air pollution.Hoping that my introductions will be helpful to you.Yours，Li Hua.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Mark and his brother Jamie rang thei
4、r neighbour Mrs Gradys doorbell.“You know her better than I do, Mark.You do the talking.”“Hi, Mrs Grady，”said Mark when she opened the door.“Would you like us to shovel(铲除)the sidewalk and driveway？”Shoveling the snow was Jamies idea, a way to make enough money for a new video game that came out the
5、 next day.Mrs Grady touched her hand to her heart.“That would be wonderful, boys.The work is too much for me.”“It will cost 10 dollars，”Jamie said.“If thats OK，”Mark said.“Oh dear，”Mrs Grady sounded a little disappointed.“I havent been able to get to the bank.I can offer homemade cookies, but I gues
6、s thats not what you had in mind.”Mark was going to say that Mrs Grady could pay them another time, but Jamie cut him off.“Well come back later.”It still snowed heavily.As they walked through the snow out of Mrs Gradys driveway, Mark glanced over his shoulder.Mrs Grady stood at her window, watching
7、them.Mark suddenly thought of how she helped him last summer.She didnt look like a strong person whod come to rescue last summer when Mr Dunns collie(牧羊犬)Goldie got away from her backyard.Goldie had just wanted to play, but Mark didnt feel comfortable around big dogs.And Goldie had boxed him in betw
8、een the wooden fence and the cedar hedge(雪松树篱)Mark tried to call for his dad, but his tongue seemed locked behind his teeth.注意：1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；2至少使用5个短文中标有下画线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下画线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：Then Mrs Gradys front door had flown open._ _Paragraph 2：And now Mrs Grady n
9、eeded Mark as much as hed needed her last summer. _【写作指导】文章主线已知线索：Mark和Jamie想通过给Grady夫人除雪赚外快Grady夫人身上没有现金但是愿意提供饼干孩子们拒绝了Mark突然想起了Grady夫人以前帮助过他的事可续写线索：Para 1Mark被一条狗困在篱笆和雪松树篱之间Grady夫人出现了安慰Mark并赶走狗Para 2Mark开始为Grady夫人除雪Jamie的态度他们的认识续写词汇：已给提示词汇：Mark，Jamie，Mrs Grady，shovel(铲除)，driveway，video game，snow，he
10、lp，strong，call for续写可能用到的词汇：comforted，dashed，rushed，ran参考范文Then Mrs Gradys front door had flown open“Hold on, MarkIm coming！” Her apron had flapped in the wind like a banner(横幅)as she strode(大步走)across the street clutching a kitchen broom.As soon as Goldie had turned her head, Mrs Grady had slipped
11、between Mark and the dog.She wasnt much taller than Mark, but she stood firm as a rock in front of him as she flung her arm out towards Mr Dunns house.Then shed swept her broom to hurry the dog along.At last, Mrs Grady helped me and let the dog go away.And now Mrs Grady needed Mark as much as hed ne
12、eded her last summerHe smiled and waved at Mrs Grady, then thrust his shovel deep into the snow.“Hey！” Jamie shouted.“What are you doing？” Mark couldnt explain why he helped Mrs Grady.“I like Mrs Gradys cookies，”he said and scooped up another shovelful.“But itll take you all day，”his brother groaned
13、.“Well never get that game.” Mark shrugged and kept digging.He heard Jamies annoyed sign and then, surprisingly, the bite of Jamies shovel against the snowMark grinned.Jamine had known all along it was the right thing to do.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Nearly 1 billion of the worlds people do not h
14、ave enough supply of water, and most of these people are in the worlds developing nations.The lack of enough water services is the cause of many diseases and illnesses in developing nations.Increased demand and great use of water caused by population increases often create the need for extra water t
15、reatment because water in new source areas tends to be of lower quality.Water services would be improved if the construction of the facilities(设施)were not so costly.Water pollution in developing nations is sometimes caused by the overuse of fertilizers and a general lack of pollution prevention laws
16、.Access to good waste water treatment facilities in these countries is very limited.As a result, water bodies in developing nations are often open for human and animal waste products.Besides, the waste chemicals of factories are also poured into these water bodies.In developing nations, floods accou
17、nt for about 40 percent of all deaths caused by natural disasters.For example, 3.7 million people were killed in the 1931 flood on Chinas Yangtze River.However, floods also carry sediments(沉积)and nutrients into flood plains.This natural process is important for agricultural production.Programmes for
18、 flood management should consider and seek to balance these harmful and beneficial aspects of floods.Throughout developing countries, deforestation(森林砍伐)is being caused by a combination of overpopulation, improper land use practices and lack of environmental laws.Soil erosion(侵蚀)is a natural process
19、, but deforestation and other human activities have led to a great increase in the average levels of sediment carried in the worlds rivers.Excess sediment in rivers can damage ecosystems and fisheries, affecting the people who directly depend on them._参考范文The lack of water services in developing cou
20、ntries, which causes many diseases, could be improved if its cheaper to construct relevant facilities.(要点1)Water pollution in developing countries is a great threat to water resources.(要点 2)In addition, to deal with floods in developing countries, proper flood management programmes are in great need.(要点3) Deforestation also does great harm to water resources.(要点4)