1、2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（三十二）一：词组梳理1 落后,落伍 fall behind , 落后于时代behind the times2 the news , the truth , the fact , the idea后用that引导同位语从句3 信不信由你believe it or not , 坦率地说frankly speaking=to be frank4 属于 belong to (无进行时,无被动) The book belongs to me5 受益,获益于benefit from / benefit sb a lot6 最好做某事情 had better do st
2、h / had better not do sth7 It is better to do sth / It is better not to do sth8 not a bit=not at all 一点也不 , not a little=very非常9 一只眼失明be blind in one eye10 对厌烦be bored with=be tired of =be fed up with11 borrow sth from sb 从某人那里借进某物 , lend sth to sb向某人借出某物12 buy sth from sb 向某人买某物, buy sth for sb为某人买
3、了某物13 bread and butter, when and where , knife and fork , law and order,14 each man and (each) woman , every boy and (every)girl 以上词组做主语,谓语动词用单数15 违反法律break the law , 闯入break into , (战争,火灾的)爆发 break out16 机器坏了,精神垮了break down17 屏住呼吸catch /hold ones breath , 上气不接下气out of breath18 河上的桥the bridge over t
4、he river , 桌上的书the book on the desk19 bring sb up 抚养某人=raise sb, sb grow up某人长大成人20 count on 指望21 cut away 砍掉22 cut down 削减23 cut off 打断,中断24 cut out 删掉25 dedicate to 奉献26 depend on 依靠,依赖 27 die back 枯死28 die down 逐渐消失;止息29 die off 相继死去30 die out 消失;死绝31 difference in 在方面的差别 32 do something for/to 改
5、进,增强 33 doubt about 怀疑 34 due to 由于,因为 35 dwell on 利用 36 enter for 报名参加37 enter into 开始 (谈话,讨论)38 entertain a proposal 愿意考虑这建设 39 entertain an idea 抱着一种想法 40 even if 甚至,即使 41 even though (虽然,尽管)表让步42 ever since (自从之后,从此以后)表时间43 faithful to 忠心于 44 fall from 从落下45 far from 毫不,远非 46 favor of 喜欢 47 figu
6、re out 计算出 48 find out 查明 49 focus on 集中于,集中研究 50 followed by 接着是51 for all 尽管52 for example 举例来说 53 for instance 和 such as 都表示举例,前者常接句子,后者常接名词或名词短语54 for instance 例如 55 for the purpose of 为了目的56 for the sake of 为了起见 57 frankly speaking 坦白来说 58 freedom from 免于(的自由)59 from all appearances 从所能见到和所能知道的
7、情况判断二：习题训练（A） How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environmentsmostly for entertainment purposesis fair and respectful?Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats
8、. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos kee
9、p animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species name, diet, and natural range(分布区). The animals normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos dont usually take care of the animals natural needs.The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opp
10、ortunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusually self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated he
11、ad movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being se
12、nt back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Havent we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?Actually, we will save endangered speci
13、es only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals natural habitats.1In the state of zoochosis, animals _.Aremain in cagesBbehave strangelyCattack other animalsDenjoy moving around2What d
14、oes the author try to argue in the passage?AZoos are not worth the public support.BZoos fail in their attempt to save animals.CZoos should treat animals as human beings.DZoos use animals as a means of entertainment.3The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _.Apointing ou
15、t the faults in what zoos doBusing evidence he has collected at zoosCquestioning the way animals are protectedDdiscussing the advantages of natural habitats4Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _.Azoos have to keep animals in small cagesBmost animals in zoos are endange
16、red speciesCsome endangered animals are reproduced in zoosDits acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats（B）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, s
17、moke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a
18、 mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉
19、), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 9 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try. 答案及解析A【答案】BAAC【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者对动物园的看法，作者认为动物园的动物并不快乐，而且呼吁我们去支持那些
20、真正为保护野生动物栖息地的工作。1细节理解题。根据第四段“Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.”可知，另一项研究显示，大象花22%的时间重复头部运动或咬笼子的栅栏，熊则花30%的时间来回走动，这是不快乐和痛
21、苦的表现。由此可知，在动物精神病状态下，动物的行为很奇怪。故选B项。2细节理解题。根据最后一段“ Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals natural habitats.”可知，我们应该支持保护动物自然栖息地的团体，而不是支持动物园。由此可知，作者在文中试图论证 动物园不值得公众支持。故选A项。3推理判断题。根据第二段 However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than
22、protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.可知，然而，大多数动物园仍然是有趣的“东西”的“集合”，而不是保护性的栖息地。动物园告诉人们，让动物感到无聊、孤独和远离自然家园是可以接受的。根据第三段Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having le
23、arned anything meaningful about the animals natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty.动物园声称教育人们和拯救濒危物种，但游客离开动物园时却没有了解到动物的自然行为、智力或美丽。根据第四段The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusually self-destructive
24、behavior called zoochosis. 动物们被关在一起的空间很小，很少有运动的机会。这导致了一种异常的自我毁灭行为，称之为动物精神病。由此判断出，作者主要通过指出动物园的错误行为试图说服读者接受他的观点。故选A项。4推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out.可知，动物园经常谈论他们的圈养繁殖计划，因为他们不希望人们担心一个物种会灭绝。由此判断出，尽管他反对
25、动物园，但作者仍然同意一些濒危动物在动物园里繁殖。故选C项。 B【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。1. longer【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。2. to see 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。3.dying 【解析】考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。4.is 【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。医学报告
26、显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，要用第三人称单数。故填is。5.than 【解析】考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知此处填than。6.that或which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。7.causes 【解析】考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causes。8.strengthen 【解析】考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符合，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。9.energetic 【解析】考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据its可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。10.it或running 【解析】考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。