1、Part 2 Of 210.rent,hire与employrent通常表示长期的“租借,出租”,其对象一般是房屋、土地、机器等。此外,rent还可用作名词,意为“租金”。We dont own our house;we rent it.我们自己没有房子,这是租来的。The rent for the apartment is 80 a month.那套公寓的租金为每月80美元。hire则表示短期或临时性的“租用,雇用,雇请”,其对象可以是人或物。Can I hire a car for three days?我能租辆车用3天吗？employ意为“雇用”,其对象通常是表示人的词语。它常常构成搭配
2、employ sb.,employ sb.as,employ sb.in sth.；此外,employ还可用来表示“利用(某人或某物)”,如时间,注意力等。The factory employs two hundred people.工厂雇用了200人。用rent,hire,employ的适当形式填空1.Many visitors _ bikes to travel around the small island.2.Whats the _ of this car?3.The company tried to _ this farmland for ten years.hirerentrent
3、用rent,hire,employ的适当形式填空4.She _ three persons to paint the fence for her.5.This company will _ more workers in the new year.hired/employedemploy11.defend,protect与guard这三个词都有“保护,使安全”之意,也都常用于defend/protect/guardagainst/from结构中。defend意为“保卫,捍卫”,指抵抗或防御外来的威胁、攻击；它还可表示在法庭上或理论上进行辩护。The people defended the to
4、wn against the foreign invaders.人民保卫城镇,抵抗外国侵略者。He had a good lawyer to defend him.他有一个好律师为他辩护。protect意为“保护”,指的是采取措施以保障某人或某物的安全,以免受到危险或损害、伤害等。He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激。guard意为“守卫,警戒,看守”,目的是维护安全,防备危险的发生。The gate is guarded by soldiers;you cant go w
5、ithout a pass.大门有兵守卫,你没有通行证过不去。用defend,protect,guard的适当形式填空1.Our armies are determined to _ our great motherland.2.We should do something practical to _the river from pollution.3.Two different soldiers _ the gate twenty-four hours every day.defendprotectguard12.concentrate vi.集中注意力；使集中concentrate on
6、/upon 把集中在上,专心致志于You must concentrate on your work.你必须专心于你的工作。I tried to concentrate my attention upon my chemical researches.我尽力专心于我的化学研究。I cant concentrate with that noise going on.到处是噪音,我不能集中精神。Fighting was concentrated around the towns to the north.战斗主要集中在北方的城镇。concentration n.专心,集中This book wil
7、l need all your concentration.读这本书需要你专心致志。13.warn vt.警告,告诫warn sb.of sth.提醒某人注意某事The newspaper warns the public of the danger of smoking.报纸提醒公众注意吸烟的危害。warn sb.against doing sth.=warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事The doctor warned the patient against smoking.The doctor warned the patient not to smoke.医生
8、告诫病人不要吸烟。warn+从句I have warned him that it is not allowed.我曾警告过他,这是不被允许的。warning adj.警告的,预告的；n.警戒He gave me a warning look.他向我使了一个警告的神色。He paid no attention to my warnings.他无视我的警告。1.我警告他们不要在这样薄的冰上溜冰。I _ go skating on such thin ice.2.他提醒我人群中有扒手。He _ there were pickpockets in the crowd.warned them not
9、towarned me that14.in favour of 支持,赞同All of us are in favour of the proposal that our school uniform should be made to our own taste.我们都赞成校服应依据我们的品位去做的提议。in favour(with)受欢迎,得到偏爱out of favour(with)不受欢迎,失宠ask sb.a favour请求某人帮个忙do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙Nowadays clothes from Korea are in favour with young pe
10、ople.现在韩国的服装很受年轻人的欢迎。Milk and eggs are out of favour with people having healthy eating habits.对那些坚持健康饮食习惯的人们来说,牛奶和鸡蛋已经不受欢迎了。“Its too difficult;can I ask you a favour?”I asked my math teacher.“这道题太难了,我能请您帮个忙吗？”我问数学老师。Can you do me a favour?The suitcase is too heavy.能帮个忙吗？这手提箱太重了。用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空1.
11、Would you please _ and turn down the radio?2.Are you _ my plan that we go climbing this weekend?3.Young and beautiful teachers are _in middle schools.do me a favourin favour ofin favour(with)用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空4.I want to _ of you.Will you lend me your car?5.I think we are _ with them.We have not be
12、en asked to any of their parties this year.ask a favourout of favour15.in detail 详细地detail前可有形容词修饰。in complete detail 十分详细地in some detail 较为详细地in great detail 非常详细地The coach analysed in great detail the various possibilities of winning the game.教练非常详细地分析了取得这场比赛胜利的种种可能性。in advance 提前in case 以防；以防万一in
13、 charge 负责,主管in common 共有in danger 在危险中in debt 负债in difficulty 处境困难in fact 事实上in order 整齐的in return 作为回报in short 简而言之in sight 能看见in summary 总之in turn 轮流,反过来in vain 徒劳的,无用的16.be used to(doing sth.),used to(do sth.)与be used to do sth.be used to意为“习惯,适应”,其中be可换作系动词get或become；to是介词,所以其后可接v.-ing形式、名词和代词等
14、。I am not used to being treated like this.我不习惯被这样对待。You will soon get used to the food here.你很快就会适应这里的食物。I walk after supper every day,so I am used to it.每天晚饭后我都散步,所以我已经习惯了。used to(do sth.)意为“过去常常(做某事)”，其中to是不定式符号,故其后接动词原形。I used to swim in this river when I was a child.小时候我常在这条河里游泳。He didnt use/use
15、dnt to write with a pencil.他过去不常用铅笔写字。Used he/Did he use to come here?他过去常来这里吗？used to的否定形式为usednt to或didnt use to。疑问形式为Used sb.to或Did sb.use to?反意疑问形式为usednt sb.?或didnt sb.?They used to be good friends,usednt/didnt they?他们过去是好朋友,是吗？be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”；其中to也是一个不定式符号。Plastic can be used to m
16、ake into all kinds of things.塑料可以用来制成各种物品。What will the money be used for?这些钱将被用来干什么？be used for意为“被用作”,很多时候可以与be used to do换用。be used as意思是“被用作为”。Bamboo can be used for building.Bamboo can be used to build houses.竹子可以用来建造房子。This grammar book can be used as a textbook.这本语法书可用作教科书。1.他已习惯在冬天洗冷水澡。He _
17、cold baths in winter.2.他住在乡下的时候,常常很早起来跑步。He _ early in the morning when he stayed in the countryside.has been used to takingused to run17.result in,result from,as a result与as a result ofresult in=bring about 造成结果,导致result from=come about 发生,因引起as a result(由于的)结果,因此as a result of 由于的原因Their dispute r
18、esulted in war.他们的争端导致了战争。Success results from hard work.成功来自努力。He got up late this morning.As a result,he missed the bus.他起床晚了,结果,错过了公车。She died as a result of her injuries.她由于受伤而死亡。他的懒惰导致他上学迟到。1.His laziness _ his being late for school.2.His being late for school _ his laziness.resulted inresulted
19、 from18.on condition(that)=only if;provided(that)只有在条件下You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以去游泳。on no condition=by no means 决不You must on no condition tell him what happened.你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。19.in spite of 虽然,尽管In spite of all his efforts,he fail
20、ed.他虽然作了各种努力,仍然失败了。以下几个句子表达的意思一样,但必须注意它们的不同之处：We went out in spite of the rain.(in spite of后跟名词)Despite of the rain,we went out.(despite of=in spite of)We went out though/although it was raining.(though/although后跟句子)尽管下雨，我们还是出去了。1.Its no use doing sth.做某事没有用在这个句型中,v.-ing形式短语是真正的主语,it是形式主语。类似的句型还有：It
21、 is no good doing sth.做某事不好Its a waste of time/money doing sth.做某事是白费时间/金钱Its fun doing sth.做某事很有趣It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。(谚语)It is no good talking to him,because he never listens.跟他讲没用,因为他从来不听。Its a waste of time trying to talk to her when shes in this mood.在她目前的心情下,找她谈是白费时间。Its gr
22、eat fun playing golf.打高尔夫球很有意思。2.It is likely that+从句“It is likely that+从句”是一个常用句型,表示“某事的发生是可能的”。在这个句型中,从句中的主语常常可以提前,替换原来复合句中的形式主语it,构成“sth./sb.is likely to do sth.”这个句型,从而将复合句变成了一个简单句。It is most likely that he will come this afternoon.He is most likely to come this afternoon.他很可能今天下午来。地点介绍(基础写作)地理位
23、置方位介绍常用句型：1.表示位置Fujian Province lies in the southeast of China.福建省位于中国的东南部。On the top of the mountain lies a temple.山顶有一座庙。The teaching building is located at the back ofthe school.教学楼坐落于校园的后面。2.表示历史The city has/possesses/owns a history of morethan 1,000 years.这个城市有1000多年历史。The city with a history o
24、f more than 1,000 years isour pride.这座有1000多年历史的城市是我们的骄傲。3.表示面积The new square will have/cover an area of100,000 square meters.新广场将占地10万平方米。A new school with an area of more than 200,000square meters will be set up.一所占地20万平方米的新学校将被建立。4.表示人口Shanghaihasapopulationofmorethan20,000,000.上海人口超过两千万。5.表示“是之乡
25、/乐土”This region is the home of many species of wildflowers.这一地区是多种野花的家园。The countryside in the north is hospitable to suchfruits.北方的乡下适宜这些水果的生长。6.表示“有美誉”This area enjoys the reputation of a land withmilk and honey.这个地方有“鱼米之乡”的美誉。As we all know,it is famous/wellknown for众所周知，它以而著名。This country/city i
26、s rich/abundant in这个国家/城市有丰富的The special character ofis的特殊性是你将带领一个外国旅游团参观长城，请根据以下信息要点，用5个英语句子写一份长城的简单介绍。历史有两千多年的历史特点1.世界上最长的城墙，有6000多千米。2建筑材料主要为石头、砖头，修建工作都是人工进行。3主要用于防御外来入侵者，所以沿墙每隔几百米就有烽火台(watchtower)。现状世界最著名旅游景点之一，每年吸引许多外国游客到长城观光旅游。【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；2.介绍的开头已经给出，不计入总句数。WelcometotheGreatWall._第一步
27、：审题，确定写作内容。本篇写作是介绍长城的历史、特点及现状，为表格所列举的全部内容。第二步：确定时态。介绍长城特点的第2,3点时应用一般过去时，介绍其他信息用一般现在时。第三步：翻译要点。1.The Great Wall has a history of more than2,000 years.2.It is the longest wall in the world.3.It measures 6,000 kilometers in length.4.The Great Wall was mainly made of stones andbricks.5.All the construct
28、ion was done by hand.6.The Great Wall was built with the purpose ofdefending the country against invaders so there werewatchtowers every few hundred meters along it.7.The Great Wall has become one of the mostfamous tourist attractions in the world.8.The Great Wall attracts hundreds of thousandsof fo
29、reign tourists every year.第四步：整合信息，合并句子。第1,2,3句是对长城基本信息的介绍，我们可以借助于同位语和分词结构将其合并为一句：Measuring 6,000kilometers in length,the Great Wall,the longest wallin the world,has a history of more than 2,000 years.第4,5句是关于长城修建的，而且两句之间为并列关系，因此我们可以用and合并为一句：TheGreat Wall is that it was mainly made of stones andbri
30、cks and almost all the construction was done byhand.其他几点单独成句即可。第五步：连句成篇。运用适当的衔接词语使文章连贯，增强文章的文采和可读性。Welcome to the Great Wall.Measuring 6,000kilometers in length,the Great Wall,the longest wallin the world,has a history of more than 2,000 years.Whats amazing about the Great Wall is that it wasmainly
31、made of stones and bricks and almost all theconstruction was done by hand without any machine.The wall was built with the purpose of defending thecountry against invaders so there were watchtowersevery few hundred meters along it.Now,as a symbolof China,the Great Wall has become one of the mostfamou
32、s tourist attractions in the world.No wonderthat it attracts hundreds of thousands of foreigntourists every year.请根据所给的信息，用英语介绍斐济。【写作内容】国名：斐济群岛共和国(The Republic of TheFiJi Islands)地理位置：太平洋的中心，新西兰的北部，澳大利亚的西北部陆地面积：1.8万平方公里首都：苏瓦(Suva)人口：大约86.1万官方语言：英语气候：气候温和，阳光充足，年平均气温为2230国庆节：每年10月10日交通：水、陆、空便利，太平洋群岛的交
33、通中心【写作要求】只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。_One possible version：Located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean,theRepublic of The FiJi Islands is situated to the northof New Zealand and northwest of Australia with aland area of 18,000 square kilometers.Fiji,whose capital is Suva,has a population of861,000 and the official language is English.It has awarm climate with plenty of sunshine and theaverage temperature ranges from 22 to 33.National day falls on October 10th every year.Withthe convenient sea,land and air transportation,it isthe traffic center of the Pacific islands.