1、Unit 3A healthy life话 题 导 读New smoking rules禁烟草案将灭掉公众场合的“老烟枪”MANY of us have had this annoying experience：You are waiting for the bus at a bus station when someone nearbybegins to puff on a cigarette.You frown and move，but it seems that there isnt much you can do about it.Thats why a new draft(草案)re
2、gulation on tobacco control has been welcomed in China.It will offer people protection from second-hand smoking.The draft was published by the State Council on its official website on Nov.24 to ask for public opinion until Dec.23.According to the bill，smoking in indoor public places and outdoor spac
3、es such as the waiting areas of public transportation is banned.All forms of tobacco advertising，along with smoking scenes in films and TV shows，are also not allowed.“It is the first time China has considered state-level legislation(立法)on tobacco control，which shows the countrys great determination
4、on the issue，”Yang Gonghuan，deputy head of Chinese Association on Tobacco Control，told Xinhua.As the worlds largest tobacco maker and consumer，China has more than 300 million smokers according to National Health and Family Planning Commission.The teen smoking rate has reached 11.5percent，with 15 mil
5、lion 1318 year-olds regularly smoking.“Parents and teachers who smoke have a strong impact on children.Smoking scenes in films and TV programs also make young people falsely link tobacco use with glamor(魅力)and a cool image(形象)，”said Yang.New anti-smoking regulations are passed in Beijing on Nov.28.H
6、owever，whenever you light up a cigarette，you are at risk.Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals.Many of them can cause cancer and ruin your skin，breath and athletic performance，according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.To discourage people from smoking，cities including
7、 Shanghai，Hangzhou and Guangzhou have launched local smoking bans.Beijing is the latest one to take action.It passed anti-smoking regulations on Nov.28，banning smoking in open-air spaces such as kindergartens(幼儿园)，schools，and hospitals.Teachers are forbidden from smoking in front of students in prim
8、ary and secondary schools.The rules will take effect on June 1,2015.People who break the rules will be fined up to 200 yuan.Managers and operators will be responsible for enforcing(执行)them in public places.China is not the only nation to fight smoking.In March 2004 Ireland became the first country t
9、o introduce a ban on smoking in workplaces and public areas，with fines of up to 3,000 euros(23,000 yuan)for those who break the law.Many other European countries，such as the UK，then followed.In the US，hundreds of cities，including New York City，even have laws stopping people from smoking in public pa
10、rks，reported the Atlantic.Section Warming Up&Pre-reading&ReadingComprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读先读通 ADVICE FROM GRANDADDear James，It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden.I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle.It seems amazing that at
11、 my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.【1】Its my birthday in two weeks time and Ill be 82 years old!I think my long and active life must be due tothe healthy life I live.【2】【1】that 在句中引导主语从句，It 为形式主语。【2】本句为主从复合句，think 后是一个省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句，其中 I live 为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词 th
12、e healthy life。This brings me to the real reason for my letter，my dear grandson.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up【3】Believe me，I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.【4】You see，during adolescence
13、 I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.【3】此处为“动词形式宾语 itadj.to do”结构，其中 it为形式宾语，后面的动词不定式短语 to give it up 是真正的宾语。【4】Believe me 为插入语，know 后面跟了两个宾语从句。宾语从句是由 how 引导的感叹句转化而来，其中的 it 为宾语从句中的形式主语，动词不定式短语 to begin smoking 和 to stop 为真正的主语。By the way，did you know that this is because you become addic
14、ted in three different ways?First，you can become physically addicted to nicotine，which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes【5】This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.So when the drug leaves your body，you get withdrawal symptoms.I remember feel
15、ing bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain.Secondly，you become addicted through habit.As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.Lastly，you can become mentally addicted.I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette，so I began to th
16、ink that I could only feel good when I smoked.I was addicted in all three ways，so it was very difficult to quit.But I did finally manage.再记住due to 由于due/dju；US du/adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的tough/tf/adj.困难的；强硬的adolescence/dlesns/n.青春期addicted to 对有瘾addicted/dIktId/adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的accustomed to 习惯于(to 为介词)accustome
17、d/kstmd/adj.惯常的；习惯了的withdrawal/wIdrl/n.戒毒(或脱瘾)过程；收回；撤退withdraw v退出；撤回；撤离bad-tempered adj.脾气暴躁的；易怒的automatically/tmtIklI/adv.无意识地；自动地automatic/tmtIk/adj.无意识的；自动的mentally/mentlI/adv.精神上；智力上physically adv.身体上；肉体上quit/kwIt/vt.停止(做某事)；离开quit doing sth.停止做某事再翻译 爷爷的忠告亲爱的詹姆斯：今天这儿的天气很好，我现在正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树下。我骑自行车
18、去了远处的一座古城堡，刚刚回来。很吃惊吧，在我这样的年纪，身体还很健康，还能在一个下午骑车跑 20 公里。再过两个礼拜就是我 82 岁的生日了！我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。这就是我写这封信的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。相信我，我知道吸烟容易戒烟难。你知道，我年少的时候也吸过烟，而且还对香烟上了瘾。顺便问一下，你知道这是因为你在三个不同的方面上瘾了吗？首先，你的身体会对尼古丁上瘾，尼古丁是香烟里成百种化学物质之一。这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。因此一旦你的体内没有这种药物了，你就会出现脱瘾
19、症状。我记得(那时)我脾气暴躁，有时甚至感到痛苦。其次，你也会因为习惯而上瘾。正如你所知道的，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你便会开始不由自主地去做这件事。最后，你会在精神上上瘾。我(那时)认为，抽一支烟后我会感到更轻松愉快，于是我开始以为抽烟才能使我感觉良好。我在这三个方面都上瘾了，因此，戒烟很难。但是我最终还是戒掉了。先读通【5】此处为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词nicotine。When I was young，I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.I didnt know，for example
20、，that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.【6】I certainly didnt know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormalin some way.Neither did I know【7】that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of
21、 non-smokers.However，what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible【8】She said my breath and clothes smelt，and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow.She told me that she wouldnt go out with me again unless I stopped!I also noticed that I became breathless quickly，and that
22、I wasnt enjoying sport as much.When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit，I knew it was time to quit smoking.【6】本句含有 that 引导的两个并列的宾语从句，for example为插入语。【7】否定词 Neither 位于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装。【8】what I did know为what引导的主语从句，that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible 为 that 引导的表语从句。I am
23、sending you some advice I found on the Internet.It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have【9】【9】此为“as.as.”结构中的一种形式，即“asadj.a/ann.as.”。Love fromGrandadHow can you stop smoking?It is not easy to stop smoking，but mi
24、llions have managed to quit and so can you【10】Here are a few suggestions.Prepare yourself.Decide on21 a day to quit.Dont choose a day that you know is going to be stressful22【11】，such as the day of an exam.Make a list of all the benefits you will get from stopping smoking【12】Then throw away your las
25、t packet23 of cigarettes.再记住effect/Ifekt/n.结果；影响(常与介词 on 连用)effective adj.有效的；起作用的do damage to.使受到损害lung/l/n.肺pregnant/pregnnt/adj.怀孕的abnormal/bnml/adj.畸形的；异常的abnormally adv.异常地breathless/brelIs/adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的breath/bre/n.呼吸；气息breathe/bri/v.呼吸；呼出take off 在此处的意思是“调离，解除(工作、职务等)”，还可以表示”脱下，起飞，迅速流行”。unfit
26、/nfIt/adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的strengthen/stren/vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n.力量；优点resolve/rIzlv/n.决心；决定21 decide on 对作出决定decide on(doing)sth.决定(做)某事22 stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的(常用来修饰物)stressed adj.焦虑不安(常用来修饰人)23 packet/pkIt/n.小包；小盒 再翻译在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害我知道的并不多。比如说，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道抽烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我当然不知道他们的婴儿
27、出生时可能体重较轻，甚至在某种程度上(发育)畸形。我也不知道自己抽烟产生的烟还会影响不吸烟的人的健康。然而我知道的是，我的女朋友觉得我身上很难闻。她说我的呼吸和我的衣服都有味道，还说我的手指头都变黄了。她告诉我除非我把烟戒掉，否则她就不再和我外出了。我还发现我很容易变得气喘吁吁，也不像以前那样爱好体育运动了。当我因为健康状况欠佳而被校足球队除名时，我才知道该戒烟了。我把我在网上找到的一些建议寄给你，它也许对你戒烟和加强决心有所帮助。我真的希望是这样，因为我想你能像我这样健康长寿地活着。爱你的爷爷怎样才能戒烟？戒烟不容易，但几百万人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。这儿有几点建议：做好准备。决定一个
28、开始戒烟的日子。不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如考试的那一天。把你会从戒烟中获得的所有好处列一张清单。然后把你的最后一包香烟扔掉。Be determined24.Every time you feel like25 smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.【13】Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier【14】Break the habit26.Instead of smoking a cigarette，do something else.Go for a w
29、alk，clean your teeth，drink some water，clean the house;in fact，do anything to keep your mind and especially your hands busy【15】先读通Relax.If you start to feel nervous or stressed，do not reachfor27 a cigarette.Try some deep breathing instead.Do somerelaxation28 exercises every time you feel stressed.Get
30、 help if you need it.Arrange to stop smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems，or join a stop-smoking group.If you feel desperate29，you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist30 about something to help you，like nicotine chewing gum31.Keep trying.Do not be disappointed32 if you have
31、 to try several times before you finally stop smoking.【16】If you weaken33and have a cigarette，do not feel ashamed34.Just try again.You will succeed eventually.【10】句子用了部分倒装结构，表示前者的情况也适用于后者。【11】that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 a day，that 在从句中作主语，从句中 you know 为插入语。【12】you will get from stopping smoking 为定语从句，修饰先行词 be
32、nefits，其中关系词 that 被省略。【13】本句中的 Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette 为Every time 引导的时间状语从句，后面的主句中包含一个 that 引导的宾语从句。【14】you wrote earlier 为定语从句，修饰先行词 benefits，其中关系代词作宾语省略了。【15】句中的“keep your mind and especially your hands busy”为“keep宾语宾补”结构，宾补由形容词 busy 来充当。【16】本句为主从复合句，主句为祈使句，if 引导条件状语从句，before
33、 引导时间状语从句。再记住24 determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的25 feel like(doing)想要(做)26 break the habit 改掉习惯(尤指坏习惯)27 reach for 伸手去拿28 relaxation/rilkseIn/n.放松；松弛relaxed adj.放松的，镇定的；自在的relaxing adj.令人放松的，轻松的relax v松弛；放松29 desperate/desprt/adj.绝望的；拼命的30 chemist/kemIst/n.药剂师；化学家31 gum/m/n.树胶chewing gum 口香糖32 disappointed
34、/dIspIntId/adj.失望的；沮丧的33 weaken/wikn/vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱34 ashamed/eImd/adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的再翻译【核心素养链接文化采风】世界前八位致死疾病中有六种疾病(缺血性心脏病、脑血管病、下呼吸道感染、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、结核和肺癌)与吸烟有关。吸烟可能引发肺、喉、肾、胃、膀胱、结肠、口腔和食道等部位的肿瘤，以及流产、早产、胎儿出生缺陷等。吸烟者吸烟量越大、烟龄越长以及开始吸烟的年龄越早，患与吸烟相关的疾病的风险越大。先读通下定决心。每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。把你早先写的那张(关于戒
35、烟的)好处的清单再读一下。改掉习惯。不要抽烟，去干点儿别的事情。去散散步，刷刷牙，喝点儿水，打扫房间。事实上，只要是能使你的大脑，特别是你的手不闲着的事情，你都可以去做。放松。如果你开始感到紧张或有压力，不要伸手去拿香烟，而是试着做些深呼吸。每当你感到紧张时，就去做些放松运动。需要的话找人帮忙。找个朋友一起安排戒烟，这样你可以谈你的问题，或者参加一个戒烟小组。如果你感到绝望，你还可以和医生或药剂师谈些能帮助你的事情，如嚼含尼古丁的口香糖等。不断尝试。如果非得尝试多次才能最终把烟戒掉，你也不要失望。如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，不要感到羞愧。再试一次就是了。最终你会成功的。通语篇 学理解 重分析2
36、语篇理解.Read the text and fill in the blanks.The text consists of two parts.The first part is a letter from a grandad to his grandson explaining how people 1._ smoking and why he should give it up.The second part gives some advice on how to 2._.become addicted to stop/quit smoking.Match the main idea w
37、ith each part.1.Part 1(Para.1)A.He wanted to make it believable to quit smoking by mentioning his own experience of smoking.2.Part 2(Para.2)B.Prepare yourself，be determined，break the habit，relax，get help if you need it and keep trying.3.Part 3(Paras.3&4)C.A long and active life must be due to the he
38、althy life a person lives.4.Part 4(Para.5)D.Because he knows his grandson started smoking and found it difficult to give it up.He wanted to give him some advice on how to quit smoking.答案：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B.Read the text and choose the best answers.1Why did James grandad write to James?ABecause he wante
39、d to tell James his experience.BBecause he wanted to tell James the harmful effects of smoking.CBecause he wanted to help James give up smoking.DBecause he wanted to help James get some information.答案：C2From Para.3 we can learn that _.Aa person can be addicted to nicotine because nicotine is one of
40、the chemicals in cigarettesBa person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habitCa person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotineDa person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette答案：B3Which is NOT the effect of smoking?ACausing terrible damage to ones heart and lun
41、gs.BAffecting the health of non-smokers.CHaving the clothes turn yellow.DNot enjoying sports.答案：C4In what way did the old man try to persuade his grandson to give up smoking?AUsing scientific theory.BHis failure in love.CHis sports activity.DHis own experience.答案：D5The following statements are true
42、EXCEPT _.AJames grandad was tired when returning from a long bike rideBthere are three ways a person can become addicted to smokingCkeeping your hands busy will help stop smokingDsome people have to try several times before quitting smoking答案：A.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1
43、Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.分析本句为并列句，其中第一个分句含有 that 引导的宾语从句作tells 的宾语，在后一分句中“finding it difficult to give it up”为“finditadj.to do sth.”结构，其中 it 作_，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语 to give it up；形容词 difficult 作_。形式宾语宾语补足语翻译 你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开
44、始吸烟了，而且现在你很难把它戒掉。宾语从句不定式2Believe me，I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.分析本句中believe me作插入语，know后跟了两个how引导的_，其句式为“howadj./adv.主语谓语”，其中it为形式主语，_短语为真正的主语。翻译 相信我吧，我知道，吸烟容易戒烟难。3I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette，so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked.分析宾语从句时间状语翻译 我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我开始以为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。