1、返回目录 Inventors and inventions Unit 3 返回目录 Section Grammar过去分词作定语、表语和补语返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析一、过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语往往置于被修饰名词的前面，过去分词短语作定语常置于被修饰名词的后面。及物动词的过去分词形式，表示被动和完成意义；不及物动词的过去分词形式仅仅表示完成。返回目录 过去分词作定语时的几种情况：1前位修饰：单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。The wounded soldier lay on the ground,unable to m
2、ove.那个受伤的士兵躺在地上，不能动弹。2后位修饰：分词短语要置于被修饰的名词之后。The girl dressed in red is my daughter.那个穿红衣服的女孩是我的女儿。返回目录 3后位修饰：被修饰的词是由 some/any/nothing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词时，也要放在被修饰词之后。There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.自从我两年前离开这个镇以来，它几乎没有发生什么变化。返回目录 4有时为了强调还可将单一的分词置于被修
3、饰名词之后。They decided to change the material used.他们决定改变所用的材料。【提示】过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。The lost time can never be found again.(The time which is lost can never be found again.)失去的时间永远也找不回来。返回目录 5过去分词前加一个名词或副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度或性质等意义。This i
4、s a stateowned factory.这是一家国营工厂。This is our newlybuilt factory.这是我们新建的工厂。返回目录 二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态，这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有 seated,surprised,astonished,amazed,moved,exhausted,worried,devoted,pleased,inspired,frightened,disappointed 等。I am pleased with the result of the experiment.我对
5、试验结果很满意。返回目录【提示】1.有些表示位置移动的不及物动词的过去分词也可作表语。2过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。(作表语，表示杯子的状态)The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是 Jim 打破的。(被动语态，表示动作)返回目录 3过去分词作表语，说明主语所处的状态，有时也指人的情绪的变化。I felt disappointed at his response.我对他的反应感到失望。返回目录 三、过去分词作补语(主补、宾补)作宾补的过去分词多是及物动词，说明宾语的状
6、态或性质，与宾语一起构成复合宾语，它前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语。1用过去分词作补语的动词(短语)有以下三类：(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)。如 see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think 等。I heard the song sung in English.我听过有人用英语唱这首歌。返回目录(2)表示“致使”意义的动词。如 have,make,get,keep,leave等。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。Dont leave those things undone.要把那
7、些事情做完。返回目录(3)表示“希望”“要求”意义的动词(短语)。如 would like,order,want,wish,expect 等，常用于“vt.(to be)pp.(过去分词)”结构。I would like this matter(to be)settled at once.我希望此事立刻得到解决。返回目录【提示】过去分词作补语还用在“with(without)宾语补语”结构中。All the afternoon,he worked with the door locked.整个下午，他都锁着门工作。Without the job finished,I wouldnt dare
8、to go home.由于工作没有做完，我不敢回家。返回目录 2过去分词作宾补时，要注意以下几种情况：(1)使役动词 have 接过去分词作宾补有两种情况：过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。He had his money stolen.他的钱被偷了。(被别人偷去了)过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。(自己的经历)返回目录(2)过去分词在原句中作宾补时，如果原句变为被动语态，那么过去分词就在新的句子中作主补了。The big fire is reported controlled.(controlled 作主补)据报道这场大火已经得到
9、控制。返回目录.单句语法填空1(2019天津卷改编)Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially _(design)to help them succeed academically and personally.2(2019北京卷)Earth Day,_(mark)on22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise publicawareness about environmental protection.课末随堂演练designed marked 返回目录 3 While
10、 waiting for the opportunity to get_(promote),Henry did his best to performhis duty.4For those with family members far away,thepersonal computer and the phone are important to stay_(connect)5(2018天津卷)I need a new passport so I willhave to have my photograph _(take)promoted connected taken 返回目录.句式转换(
11、把下面的句子改为简单句)1Most of the people who had been questionedwere students._2She found the door which had been closed._3Do you know the number of the books whichhave been ordered?Most of the people questioned were students.She found the door closed.Do you know the number of the books ordered？返回目录 4He thre
12、w away the sweater which had beenworn out._5The books which were bought yesterday are ofhigh quality._He threw away the sweater worn out.The books bought yesterday are of high quality.返回目录.语法与写作1(2018 全国卷书面表达)我们将邀请你看一部名为Growing Together的英文短片。Well invite you to see an English short film_ _.2(20186月浙江
13、卷书面表达)一看到广告牌上你们的告示，我就兴奋地写信申请这个职位。On seeing your notice on the bulletin board,Ifor the position.named Growing Together feel excited to write this letter 返回目录 3暑假回家后，他发现他的家乡变化很大。He_when he went back in the summer holiday.4(2018 北京卷书面表达)这所大学因为它特意为外国学生设置的语言文化课程而闻名。The university is _ its language andculture courses _international students.found his hometown greatly changed known for intended for 返回目录 5(2017全国卷书面表达)例如，我成功被确认为第十三届全国运动会的志愿者。Forexample,Ihavesuccessfully_ for the 13th National Games.got admitted as a volunteer 返回目录 课后限时作业(八)