1、Unit 1Living well话 题 导 读Death of science icon霍金去世的消息刷屏国内外，无数人纷纷用各种方式缅怀这位伟大的物理学家。而霍金所留给世人的遗产，并不仅仅是他学术上的成就Throughout modern history，perhaps there has never been a scientist as iconic as Stephen Hawking.Whether he was educating the world with his knowledge of the universe，or making fun of himself in TV
2、 shows,it is hard to imagine what the world will be like now Hawking is no longer in.On March 14,2018，the British physicist passed away in Cambridge.Since then，many people have expressed their condolences on social media，including British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee，who invented the World Wid
3、e Web.“We have lost a great mind and a wonderful spirit，”Berners-Lee wrote.Hawking was an icon for many reasons，but he will be best remembered for his work in the field of science.Building on German scientist Albert Einsteins work,Hawking explained his belief that space started with the Big Bang，and
4、 will end with black holes.“This complete set of laws can give us the answers to questions likeHow did the universe begin？”Hawking wrote in his 2010 work The Grand Design.“Where is it going and will it have an end？If so，how will it end？”Besides his work in science，he also managed to overcome many di
5、fficulties in his personal life.While studying at Cambridge University，he was diagnosed with motor neuron(运动神经元)disease at the age of 21.His illness left him paralyzed and he was told he only had a short time to live.However，he went on to become one of the greatest minds the world has ever known.“I
6、felt it was unfair.Why should this happen to me？”he once recalled.“At the time，I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the potential I felt I had.But now,50 years later，I can be satisfied with my life.”Hawking left behind a great legacy(遗产)His signature book A Brief History of Time
7、：From the Big Bang to Black Holes，published in 1988，became one of the worlds best-selling science publications.And in 2014，UK actor Eddie Redmayne played Hawking in the movie The Theory of Everything，which tells the tale of the physicists life.He may no longer be with us，but Hawking will continue to
8、 inspire the world for generations to come.As he once said himself，“Look up at the stars and not down at your feet！”词海拾贝1iconic adj.偶像的2make fun of sb.开某人玩笑3black holes黑洞4diagnose vt.诊断5potential adj.潜在的；可能的n.潜能；可能性Section Warming Up&Prereading&Reading-Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读先读通MARTYS STORYHi
9、，my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am“one in a million”In other words，there are not many people like me.You see，I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak1，so I cant run or climb stairs as quickly as other people.In addition，sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things o
10、r bump into furniture.Unfortunately，the doctors dont know how to make me better2，but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.My motto is：live one day at a time.Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else.I used to climb trees，swim and play football.In fact，I used
11、to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup.Then I started to get weaker and weaker，until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.In the end I went into hospital for medical tests.I stayed there for nearly three months.I think I
12、had at least a billion tests，including one in which3 they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.Even after all that，no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds4.One problem is that I dont look any different from other peop
13、le5.So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh，when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs.Sometimes，too，I was too weak to go6 to school so my education suffered.Every time7 I returned after an absence，I felt stupid because I was
14、behind the others.My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow21students have accepted me.The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed22，and I just ignore23them.All in all24 I have a good life.I am happy to have found many things8 I can do，like writing and
15、 computer programming.My ambition 25 is to work for a firm 26 that develops computer software27 when I grow up9.Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me.I have a very busy life with no time to sit around28 feeling sorry for myself10.As well as29 g
16、oing to the movies and football matches with my friends，I spend a lot of time with my pets.I have two rabbits，a parrot30，a tank31 full of fish and a tortoise32.To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time11 but I find it worthwhile 33.I also have to do a lot of work，especially if I have been a
17、way for a while.In many ways34 my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically35 and become more independent36.I have to work hard to live a normal life37 but it has been worth it.If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children，it would be this：having a disability12 does not mean yo
18、ur life is not satisfying.So dont feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of38 them，and dont ignore them either.Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement39 to live as rich and full a life as you do13.Thank you for reading my story.再记住one in a million 万里挑一的人或物；不同寻常的人或物in other wor
19、ds换句话说in a/one word总之1.you see你知道(在句中作插入语)which引导的定语从句，修饰a muscle disease。in addition另外；还有in addition to sth.除外 bump into撞上furniture nU家具2.“疑问词动词不定式”结构，在句中作know的宾语；其中make me better是“make宾语宾语补足语”结构。外向的；友好的；外出的；离开的adapt to适合adapt/dpt/vt.使适应；改编motto n箴言；格言at a time 一次；每次at one time曾经 at no time决不used t
20、o(do)过去常常(做)represent vt.代表；展示比较级and比较级 越来越 3.“inwhich”引导的定语从句，which指代one。cut out切去；省略；停止(做某事)cut off切断(水、电、气等)cut down砍倒；削减 4.it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语；what引导的是宾语从句。5.that引导表语从句，that不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。out of breath上气不接下气6.too weak to go是“too.to.”结构，意为“太而不能”。suffer v遭受；忍受7.every time“每次”，此处作连词，引导时间状语从句。absenc
21、e/bsns/n.缺席；不在某处presence n出席；在场a lot程度副词，修饰比较级easier用来修饰比较级的副词还有much，even，still，far，by far等。23 ignore vt.不理会；忽视24 all in all总而言之after all毕竟；终究；别忘了above all最重要的是8.动词不定式的完成时态，表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前。9.that引导的是定语从句，修饰firm；when引导的是时间状语从句。动词不定式短语to work.作表语。10.with复合结构；现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。28 sit around/about闲坐着29 as w
22、ell as和；也置于句首且后接动词时，要用动名词形式。30 parrot/prt/n.鹦鹉31 tank/tk/n.(盛液体、气体的)大容器；缸；大桶 11.动词不定式短语作主语；可改写成“It takes sb.时间to do”结构。find it worthwhile是“find宾语宾语补足语”结构。33 worthwhile adj.值得的Its worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事34 in many ways在很多方面心理(学)地；精神上地psychology n心理(学)36 independent adj.独立的37 live/lead a(n).l
23、ife过着的生活12.画线部分为if虚拟条件句，它表示与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟语气。having a disability是动名词短语作主语。38 make fun of取笑laugh at嘲笑 play tricks on捉弄 13.to live.是动词不定式作定语，“asadj.a(n)n.as”像一样。再翻译马蒂的故事你好，我叫马蒂菲尔丁。我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。你瞧，我患有肌肉疾病，这让我的身体非常虚弱，所以我不能像别人那样快跑或快步爬楼梯。另外，有时侯我还会笨手笨脚，不小心摔掉东西，或磕碰到家具上。不幸的是，医生们不知
24、道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。我的座右铭是：活一天算一天。十岁以前，我跟其他人是一样的。我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我的国家参加世界杯足球赛。后来，我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱，以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。最后我到医院去做了检查，住了将近三个月的医院。我想我至少做过十亿次检查了，包括一次他们从我的腿部切下一片肌肉放在显微镜下观察。即使做过了所有这些检查，也没有人能够确诊这个病。因此，很难知道将来会是个什么样子。问题是我看上去跟平常人一样，因此，当我跑了很短的一段路之后，就喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来
25、休息，我的一些小学同学就会笑我。有时候我的身体太虚弱，上不了学，因此落下了许多功课。每次缺课回来之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我比别人落后了。我在中学时期的生活(比在小学时)要轻松多了，因为我的同学已经接受了我的状况。少数同学看不到我的内心世界，但是我并不生气，只是不去理会他们罢了。总而言之，我生活得挺好。我很高兴我能做许多事情，比如写作和电脑编程。我有雄心壮志，长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作。去年我开发了一个电脑足球游戏，有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿买走。我的生活很充实，没有时间坐着顾影自怜。除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。我有两只兔子、一只鹦鹉，
26、一缸金鱼和一只乌龟。我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物，但我觉得很值。此外，我还有好多功课要做，特别是在病了一段时间之后。在许多方面，我身体的残疾导致我心理上变得更加坚强，更加独立。我必须努力才能过上正常的生活，但这是值得的。假如我有机会跟健康孩子讲一句话，那么，这句话就是：身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。因此，不要感到残疾人可怜，或者取笑他们，也别不理睬他们。要接受他们，给他们以鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。谢谢你读我的故事。通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解.Whats the main idea of the passage?The passage is mainly about
27、how Marty _.life even though he is disabledlives a rich and full.Match the main idea with each paragraph.1Para.1 AThe problems he has to deal with.2Para.2BHow Martys life has become easier.3Para.3CAn introduction to Marty and his muscle disease.4Para.4DThe advantages of his disease.5Para.5EHow Marty
28、s disability developed.答案：15 CEABD.Read the passage and choose the best answer.1When Marty says“I am one in a million”，he really means _.Ahe is uniqueBhe has a rare diseaseChe has a muscle diseaseDhe lives a hard but happy life答案：B2Why did the doctor cut out a piece of muscle from Martys leg?Because
29、 they _.Acould cure the disease by cutting it outBwanted to use it as a specimen(标本)Cwould transplant the new muscleDwanted to find out the cause of the disease答案：D3Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?AMarty is special because of his appearance.BMartys fellow students often make
30、 him angry.CMarty is optimistic and positive toward life.DMarty spent two years on the invention of a computer football game.答案：C4From the sentence“having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying”，we can see that _.Adisability has made Marty grow stronger and more independentBdisabilit
31、y has made Marty discouraged and more dependentCMarty is satisfied with his disability and his lifeDMarty feels sorry and sympathy for the disabled people答案：A5.From the passage we can infer that Marty _.Aasks others to feel sorry for himBnever loses heart in his lifeCis afraid of being made fun ofDw
32、ill not accept any encouragement答案：B.Analyze the following complex sentences in the passage.1Unfortunately，the doctors dont know how to make me better，but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.分析 _ _ _ _Unfortunately，the doctors dont know how to make me better，并列分句一并列连词 but I
33、 am very outgoing and have.my disability.并列分句二状语主语谓语宾语翻译 不幸的是，医生们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。2I think I had at least a billion tests，including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.分析本句是主从复合句。主句是“I think”；从句是“I had.microscope.”，在句中作_，是宾语从句。其中“
34、including one.”是_。one 后的“in which.”引导的是_。宾语介词短语作状语定语从句翻译 我想我至少做过十亿次检查，包括一次他们从我的腿上切下一片肌肉放在显微镜下观察。3Every time I returned after an absence，I felt stupid because I was behind the others.分析本句是主从复合句，其中 every time 是名词词组，但它在句中却起_的作用，它引导的是_从句。because引导的是_从句。句子的主干是“I felt stupid”。连词时间状语原因状语翻译 每次我缺课回来之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我比别人落后了。4As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends，I spend a lot of time with my pets.分析主语是 I；谓语是_；宾语是“a lot of time”；“with my pets”是_，它修饰“spend a lot of time”。spend方式状语翻译 我不但和我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛，而且我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。