1、Unit 5 First aid在日常生活中，我们经常遇到一些事故。在这种时候，急救能够挽救许多生命。因此急救箱起着重要的作用。First Aid KitsA first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment for use in giving first aid,and can be put together for the purpose by an individual or organization.There is a wide variation in the contents of first aid kits bas
2、ed on the knowledge and experience of those putting it together，and the differing first aid requirements of the area where it may be used.The international standard for first aid kits is that they should be identified with the ISO graphical(绘画后)symbol for first aid which is an equal white cross on a
3、 green background，although many kits do not meet this standard.A first aid kit，kept within easy reach，is a necessity in every home.Having supplies gathered ahead of time will help you handle an emergency at a moments notice.You should keep one first aid kit in your home and one in each car.Also be s
4、ure to bring a first aid kit on family vacations.You can purchase a first aid kit at drugstores or a local Red Cross office，or make one of your own.If you decide to make one，choose containers for your kits that are roomy，durable，easy to carry，and simple to open.Plastic boxes or containers for storin
5、g art supplies are ideal，since theyre lightweight，have handles，and offer a lot of space.阅读障碍词1individual n个人；个体adj.个人的；独特的2variation n.变化；变动；变异3necessity n.必要(性)；必需品4durable adj.耐用的；持久的诱思导读 根据短文内容，选择正确答案/回答问题。1How can you recognize a first aid kit?AThere is a red cross on a green background.BThere i
6、s a white cross on a green background.CThere is a blue cross on a red background.DThere is a white cross on a red background.2What is a first aid kit used to do?答案 1.B2It is used to give first aid when an emergency happens.Section Warming Up，Prereading&Reading新 生 词 汇 初 识.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.bleed Aadj
7、.复杂的()plexBvi.&vt.(使)膨胀；隆起()3.symptom Cn.症状；征兆()4.swellDvi.&vt.流血()5.squeeze Eadj.暂时的；临时的()6.pour Fn.&vt.帮助；援助；资助()7.aid Gvt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨()8.temporary Hvt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌()9.poison Iadj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的()10.unbearable Jn.毒药；毒害 vt.使中毒；毒害答案 15 DACBG 610 HFEJI.选择下列句中相应词组的汉语意思 A涌出 B反复；多次 C榨出；挤出D各种各样的E受伤F在适当的位置；适当G
8、生病()1.There are a variety of flowers in the garden.()2.Students were pouring out when the accident happened.()3.That guy is always squeezing money out of his old mother.()4.Our manager fell ill suddenly，so everything was out of order.()5.His mother has told him over and over again，but he wouldnt lis
9、ten.()6.My son likes everything in place before starting to do his homework.()7.He got injured in a traffic accident yesterday.教 材 语 篇 细 研 FIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin(皮；皮肤)is an essential part of your body and its largest organ(器官)You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier(屏障)against disea
10、se，poisons(毒药；毒害)and the suns harmful rays.The functions of your skin are also very complex(复杂的):it keeps you warm or cool;it prevents your body from losing too much water;it is where you feel cold，heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it ca
11、n be very serious.First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.烧伤的急救皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体最大的器官。皮肤有三层，像是三层屏障，可以防病、防毒和抵御有害太阳光线的侵害。皮肤的功能也很复杂：皮肤能保暖或散热，保持体内水分不过多流失。正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，急救是非常重要的第一步。助读讲解 act as 充当；担任。where you feel cold，heat or pai
12、n 为表语从句。sense of touch 触觉。Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety(变化)of things:hot liquids(液体)，steam，fire，radiation(by being close to high heat or fire，etc)，the sun，electricity or chemicals.Types of burnsThere are three types of burns.Burns are called first，second or third degree burns，depend
13、ing on which layers of the skin are burned.First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.Second degree burns These a
14、ffect both the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal.Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin.Examples include burns caused
15、 by electric shocks(触电)，burning clothes，or severe petrol firesThese burns cause very severe injuries(损伤；伤害)and the victim must go to hospital at once.烧伤的原因你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。烧伤的种类烧伤有三类。根据皮肤的第几层被烧伤定义为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。一度烧伤 这种烧伤只损伤皮肤的表层。这些烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。(一度烫伤或烧伤的)例子包括轻微
16、的晒伤，以及碰触到热锅、炉子或烙铁而导致的烫(烧)伤。二度烧伤 这种烧伤既损伤了皮肤的表层，又损伤了皮肤的第二层。这类烧伤属于严重的烧伤，需要几周才能痊愈。例如严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。三度烧伤 所有三层皮肤以及皮下组织和器官都受到损害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的严重烧伤。这些烧伤都导致严重损伤，受伤者必须立即被送往医院。助读讲解 burn 在此处为名词，意为“烧伤”。现在分词短语 depending on.作方式状语，其中 which layers of the skin are burned 是 on 的宾语。过去分词 caused by.fi
17、res 作后置定语。修饰burns。Characteristics(特征)of burnsFirst degree burnsdry，red and mildly(轻微的)swollenmildly painfulturn white when pressedSecond degree burnsrough，red and swollenblisterswatery surfaceextremely painfulThird degree burnsblack and white and charred swollen;often tissue(生物)组织 under them can be
18、seen little or no pain if nerves are damaged;may be pain around edge of injured area.烧伤的特征一度烧伤干燥、发红、微肿微痛受压时变白二度烧伤粗糙、发红、肿胀起水泡表面有水极其疼痛三度烧伤黑、白和焦炭色相间肿胀，常可看到皮下组织若损坏了神经，则很少疼痛，或者在创伤面四周有疼痛感助读讲解 turn v使成为；转变成。when pressed 是省略了主语和 be 动词的时间状语从句，补全为：when they are pressed。First aid treatment1 Remove clothing usi
19、ng scissors if necessary unless it is stuck tothe burn.Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes.(The cool water stops the burning process，prevents the pain becomi
20、ng unbearableand reduces swelling.)Do not put cold water on third degree burns.急救处理1 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。脱去烧伤附近的其他衣物和首饰。2 立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢速流动的水下冲洗大约 10 分钟。(凉水可以阻止烧伤的进程，可以防止无法忍受的疼，还可以消除肿胀。)三度烧伤不可以用冷水冲洗。助读讲解 stick to 粘在上；坚持。cool 在此处为及物动词，意为“使凉下来”。it 作形式主语，动词不定式 to place.m
21、inutes 为真正的主语。3 For first degree burns，place cool，clean，wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin(盆)of cold water，squeezing(挤；榨)the water out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until
22、 the pain is not so bad.4 Dry the burned area gently.Do not rub，as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5 Cover the burned area with a dry，clean bandage(绷带)that will not stick to the skin.Hold the bandage in place with tape.Never put butter，oil or ointment on burns as they keep
23、 the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.3 对于一度烧伤，要把清凉干净的湿布放在烧伤面上，直到疼痛感较轻时为止。对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需要把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。4 轻轻地把烧伤面弄干。但不要擦拭，因为这样会擦破水泡，使伤口感染。5 用干而清洁又不粘皮肤的绷带盖住烧伤面。用胶布把绷带固定。千万不要在烧伤处涂黄油、油或油膏，因为这会使里面的热散不出去，而且还可能导致感染。助读讲解 put back 放回。wound n创伤；伤口；伤害vt.使受伤；伤害。get in
24、fected 被感染；被传染。6 If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible.If burns are on the face，the victim should sit up.7 If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.6 如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。如果是面部烧伤，伤者
25、则应该坐起来。7 如果属于二度或三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。助读讲解 if possible 为if it is possible 的省略。It is vital to do sth.做某事是至关重要的。第一步 速读了解文章主题和段落大意 速读 P33P35 教材课文，选择最佳答案/匹配段落大意1Whats the main idea of the text?AThe burns and the first aid treatment.BThe characteristics of burns.CThe functions of the skin.DHow to ca
26、rry out the first aid for burns.2Match the main idea with each part.(1)Para.1 Athe three types of burns(2)Para.2Bwhat to do if someone gets burned(3)Paras.36 Cthe functions of the skin(4)Para.7Dthe symptoms of burns(5)Paras.814 Ehow we get burns答案 1.A 2.(1)(5)CEADB第二步 细读把控文章关键信息细读 P33P35 教材课文，选择最佳答案
27、1What are the characteristics of first degree burns?ABlack and white and charred.BRough，red and swollen.CRough，red and dry.DDry，red and mildly swollen.2Which of the following is NOT the cause of burns?ASteam and radiation.BThe moon and the sun.CFire and electricity.DHot liquids and chemicals.3If bur
28、ns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin，someone must Abe sent to hospital at onceBbe placed on the floor and cool the burns immediatelyCbe undressed in order to cover the burned area with a clean，dry bandageDbe asked not to drink any water4Why should we dry th
29、e burned area gently?ABecause the person will cry.BBecause rubbing may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.CBecause the burns are on the face.DBecause it will make the person feel good.答案 14 DBAB第三步 研读能力升华 接轨高考根据 P33P35 教材课文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式First aid is the kind of help 1.(gi
30、ve)to someone who falls ill or gets injured 2.a doctor can be found.Often the illness or 3.(injure)is not serious.Now lets talk about first aid for burns.You have three layers of skin that protect 4.(you)against disease，poisons and the 5.(harm)rays from the sun.Your skin also gives you yourgivenbefo
31、reinjuryyourselfharmfulsense of touch.First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.People can get burned by many things，such 6.hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or 7.(chemical)There are three types of burns.Burns 8.(call)first，second or third degree burns，9.(depend)on which layers of the skin are burned.Different degree burns can be treated in 10.different way.Lets keep these things in mind.aschemicalsare calleddependinga点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!