1、动词ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语观察例句We should drink boiled water.前置定语A water and soil conservation project set up in 1989 resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.后置定语Seen from the moon，the earth，with water covering about 70% of its surface，appears to be a blue ball.时间状语Frightened by the thun
2、der and lightning in the night，the girl did not dare to sleep alone in her room.原因状语Given another chance，he will do it better.条件状语 The boy sat at the table buried in his homework.伴随状语We need to get the machine repaired at once as we want to use it in our experiment tomorrow.宾语补足语 With all the work d
3、one，we went to play basketball.宾语补足语归纳用法一、作定语及物动词的ed形式通常表示被动和完成意义；不及物动词的ed形式仅仅表示完成。1前置定语：单个的动词的ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。He is a respected teacher in our school.在我们学校他是一位受尊敬的老师。2后置定语：动词的ed形式短语作定语通常要置于被修饰的名词之后。This is a letter written in blue ink.这是一封用蓝墨水写的信。名师点津(1)如果被修饰词是由some/any/nothing/body/one构成的不定代词或
4、指示代词those等时，即使是单个的动词的ed形式作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。There is little time left，lets hurry up.剩余时间不多了，我们抓紧吧。(2)有时为了强调还可将单个的动词的ed形式置于被修饰的名词之后。They decided to change the material used.他们决定改变所用的材料。(3)有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。They decided to buy a used car.他们决定买一辆二手车。(4)动词的ed形式及其短语作定语时，一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。The experience gaine
5、d(which/that has been gained) will be of great value to us.获得的经验将对我们很有价值。The suggestion sent to the committee(which/that had been sent to the committee) was adopted.呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。即学即练1单句语法填空Because of pollution，the caught(catch) fish were not fit to eat.Jim has retired，but he still remembers the hap
6、py time spent(spend) with his students.The book, written(write) by Lu Xun，is popular with many Chinese people.Do you remember the problems discussed(discuss)at the last meeting?二、作状语动词ed形式作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，与主语是被动关系。动词ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件等，有时可带有连词。1作时间状语When offered help，one often says“Thank you”or“Its
7、kind of you”当被提供帮助时，人们常说“谢谢你”或“你真好”。2作原因状语Praised in class，Anne felt happy.在课堂上受到了表扬，安妮感到高兴。3作条件状语If taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effects.如果按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。4作伴随状语The teacher came into the lab，followed by some students.老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。5作让步状语Laughed at by many people，he stil
8、l continued his own study.尽管被很多人嘲笑，他依然坚持自己的研究。名师点津动词ed形式作时间、原因和条件状语时均可以转换成相应的状语从句。即学即练2单句语法填空Raised(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to become a football star.Approached(approach)in this way，your friendship will soon be repaired.The lady returned home, followed(follow) b
9、y Holmes.三、作宾语补足语作宾补的多是及物动词的ed形式，说明宾语的状态或性质，与宾语一起构成复合宾语，前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语。1以下两类动词后可接动词的ed形式作宾补：(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see，watch，observe，find，hear，feel，notice，think等。I heard the song sung in English.我曾听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。He found his purse lost.他发现他的钱包丢了。(2)表示“致使或希望”意义的动词。如：have，make，get，keep，want，wish等。Ill have my h
10、air cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。2动词的ed形式作宾补表示的意义。(1)表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作。如例句，lost表示的动作显然先于谓语动词found。(2)表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。如例句及中cut my hair和pull out his tooth是动宾关系。(3)表示动作已完成或宾语的状态和性质。He found almost all the leaves fallen onto the ground.他发现几乎所有的叶子都落在了地面上。例中fa
11、llen表示树叶已落地，动作已完成。The terrible scene made people frightened of swimming in the sea.那可怕的场面使得人们不敢在海里游泳了。例句中frightened表示宾语people的心理状态。名师点津1.使役动词have接动词的ed形式作宾补，还有两种情况：(1)动词的ed形式所表示的动作由他人完成。He had his money stolen.他的钱被偷了。(被别人偷去了)(2)动词的ed形式表示句子主语的经历。He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。(句子主语的经历)2在with/without复合结构
12、中也可用动词的ed形式作宾补。With this sum added，we will have enough money for the trip.如果加上这笔金额，我们这次旅行的钱就够了。即学即练3完成句子村民们那时种了很多树。The villagers had many trees planted then.无论多累，我必须把这份工作干完。However tired I am，I must get the work finished她依然不能用英语表达出自己的意思。She still couldnt make herself understood in English.她看见小偷被警察抓住
13、了。She saw the thief caught by policemen.单句语法填空1The man stood outside the house silently, moved(move) to tears.2Caught(catch) in a heavy rain，the new manager missed the important meeting.3Attracted(attract) by a particular article in a magazine，she bought it.4The speaker asked them to find the balloo
14、ns that had their names written(write) on within five minutes.5He felt his collar pulled (pull)by someone from behind.6Founded(found)on love and mutual respect，their marriage is a happy one.7It is a large city surrounded(surround) by mountains and the climate is nice.8Influenced(influence)mainly by
15、Joy，most of Rileys memories are happy ones.9These interests were increased with more time spent(spend) in the deserts of Arizona.10Prevented(prevent) from playing her role in Rileys emotional development，Alice feels annoyed.短文语法填空Tony：If my pet dies，I wont clone it.Even if the 1.cloned (clone) pet l
16、ooks the same as the original one，it wont behave in the same way.Besides，it wont remember me.I think cloning 2.done(do) by scientists is dangerous.The problems 3.created(create) by cloning will soon become clear.I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when 4.making(make) decisions about
17、cloning.We wont want beasts 5.produced(produce) by scientists to replace us one day.Brian：I think cloning pets is a great idea.I feel so 6.excited (excite)Families with pets often become 7.disappointed (disappoint) when their pets die.With cloning，if your pet dies，you can have a new one that looks the same as the original pet.The technology 8.used (use) is amazing.The only thing 9.needed(need) is a cell from your old pet.We will help you clone your pet！Though it costs some money，you will be 10.delighted (delight) to be with her again.
