1、2014-2015学年高中英语同步系列自选题【1】及答案：Unit5（人教新课标必修3）目标认知重点词汇slightly, border, scenery，surround，measure，aboard，settle，manage，within，confirm，around，distance，downtown，approximately， impress重点短语catch sight of，rather than，as well as，have a gift for，as far as，look over重点句型“代词+现在分词”构成的独立主格结构“not until” 句式知识讲解重点词汇【
2、高清课堂：Canada 走近加拿大 , 403931, 精讲词汇 】 slightly重点例句： , and that Canadas population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country. slightly (adv.)轻微地；稍微The number of passengers by this line fell off slightly in January.一月份这条航线的乘客数量略有减少。This one is slightly be
3、tter than that.这一个比那个稍好一点。用法拓展slight (adj.)微小的，轻微的，微不足道的；不结实的，纤弱的；脆弱的I have a slight cold.我患了轻微的感冒。The wind seemed to lift her slight body.风似乎要把她瘦弱的身体吹起来。border重点例句： At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border,border (n.)边界；国界；边沿 (vt.&vi.)与接
4、壤；接近用法拓展a border town边境城市the border of the lake湖边on the border of将要；接近于；在的边界上border on sth.接近某物，毗邻某物；几乎与接近；近似易混辨析border, boundary, frontierborder“边境，边界”，常指沿两国边界的地区。The town lies on the border between the US. and Mexico.该镇位于美国和墨西哥交界处。boundary“边界线，分界线”，常指分隔两国的天然的山脉、河流等界线。The mountain is the boundary b
5、etween the US. and Canada.这座山是美国和加拿大的分界线。frontier“边疆，国境”，指一个国家的边界，还可指领域，指领域时要用复数形式。Troops established a road block on the frontier.部队在边境设立了路障。 scenery【原句回放】Youre going to see some great scenery(P34)你们沿途将会看到美丽壮阔的风景。【点拨】 scenery n风景，景色易混辨析 scenery，scene，view，landscape scenery(不可数名词)风景，景色，舞台布景，强调从美的角度看
6、某个国家或地区的总体外貌。 scene指从远处看到的某一具体景色、景象，也可以指人物的活动场面；(犯罪的)地点，现场。 view指从某一角度、远处或窗户看到的视野范围内的风景；观点，看法。 landscape(陆地或野外)风景，景色；风景画。 Each year，we spend our vacation in the mountains and enjoy the scenery 我们每年都到山区度假，并欣赏那里的风景。 They stood there，gazing the happy scene of children playing in the park 他们站在那里，注视着孩子们在
7、公园里玩耍的欢乐场景。 Our house has a view of the park 我们的房子可以看到公园的景色。 The landscape seen from the mountains is green and beautiful 在群山之巅看到的是一片美丽的绿色。surround【原句回放】People say it is Canadas most beautiful city，surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean(P34)人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市。被大山和太平洋环抱。【点拨】 surround vt. & vi. 包
8、围，环绕 They surrounded the town with troops 他们出动军队包围了该城。 The house was surrounded by high walls 房子的四周有高墙。【拓展】surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. 周围的事物，环境 York and the surrounding countryside 约克城及其近郊 Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings 动物园中的动物没有在自然环境中(生活)。 measure【原句回放】It is so w
9、et there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 meters(P34)那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高。一些高达90多米。【点拨】 measure (1)v. 估计，衡量常用结构 sb. measure sth. 某人测量某物 sth. measures. 某物尺寸是 measure ones ability 衡量/判定某人的能力(2)n. 尺寸，措施 take a persons measure量某人的尺寸；判断某人的性格/能力 make clothes to ones own measure量体裁衣 ta
10、ke measures to do sth采取措施做某事 aboard【原句回放】That afternoon aboard the train，the cousins settled down in their seats(P34)那天下午表姐妹俩登上火车落座了。【点拨】 aboard prep. & adv. 在车/飞机/轮船上常用结构 go/climb aboard 上船/飞机/车 Welcome aboard! 欢迎(乘坐这艘船/架飞机/辆车)! All aboard! 请各位上船/飞机/车! He was already aboard the ship他已经上船了。【拓展】board
11、 vt. 上(车、船、飞机) board the plane上飞机易混辨析 abroad adv. & adj. 国外的go abroad出国 broad adj. 宽阔的 settle【原句回放】That afternoon aboard the train，the cousins settled down in their seats(P34)那天下午表姐妹俩登上火车落座了。【点拨】settle v. 定居，处理，(使)平静 He settled near the coast 他在海边安家。The baby wouldnt settle婴儿安静不下来。She settled down in
12、 an armchair to read her book 她舒适地坐在单座沙发上看书。 When are you going to get married and settle down? 你打算什么时候成家安定下来? I managed to settle him down我设法让他安定了下来。【拓展】settle down定居，(使)安顿下来；舒适地坐下(或躺下) settle down to sth. 专心于/开始注意某事物 manage【原句回放】. they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizz
13、ly bear and an eagle(P34)她们设法看到了一些野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。【点拨】 manage v. 管理，经营manage a shop/business管理商店/企业 设法做manage to do I can manage it我能行。【拓展】 manager n. 经理 management n. 管理manageable adj. 易管理的within【原句回放】At school，they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometers of the USA
14、 border，and that Canadas population is only slightly over thirty million，but now they were amazed to see such an empty country(P34)她们在学校学过，大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国几百千米以内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有3，000万多一点儿。但现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。【点拨】 within prep. 在(范围)之内常用结构within an hour在一小时之内within ones ability某人力所能及的live within ones inco
15、me量入为出within(the)reach of sb. within ones reach在某人的触及范围内She returned within an hour她不到一小时就回来了。He finds it hard to live within his income他觉得有些入不敷出。 confirm【原句回放】. there was frost on the ground，confirming that fall had arrived in Canada(P38)地面覆盖上了一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。【点拨】 confirm vt. 批准，证实Please write t0
16、 confirm your reservation 请来信确认您的预订。 He looked around to confirm that he was alone 他四处张望，以确定周围没人。 The new minister will be confirmed in office by the Queen 新的部长将由女王批准任职 【拓展】 confirm sth. /that. 证实 confirm me in my belief使我坚信我的信仰 confirm sb. as+职务 某人作为被批准 around【原句回放】Around noon they arrived in Toron
17、to，the biggest and most wealthy city in Canada(P38)中午时分，她们来到多伦多加拿大最大、最富有的城市。【点拨】around prep. 大约 See you at around 7:30七点半左右见。 It happened around 10 years ago 那是大约在十年前发生的事。【拓展】around the clock昼夜不停地 around the comer在附近，即将来临 distance【原句回放】In the distance，they could see the misty cloud that rose from th
18、e great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake(P38)远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方腾着的雾霭。【点拨】distance n. 距离；远方常用结构 at a distance/in the distance在远处 a distance of 2 feet两英尺远的距离 keep ones distance保持疏远【拓展】 distance vt. 使疏远distance sb疏远某人 distant adj. 远处的 That stupid quarrel has distanced us 那一场无谓的争
19、吵使我们的关系疏远了。downtown【原句回放】They met Lin Fei around dusk in downtown Chinatown，one of the three in Toronto(P38)大约黄昏时分，她们在市区的中国城见到了林菲，这是多伦多的三个中国城中的一个。【点拨】 downtown adv. & adj. 在市区；市区的常用结构 go/move/live downtown 前往/搬往/住在市区 in downtown Manhattan在曼哈顿市区 Did you see the art exhibition downtown? 你看了市区的美术展览了吗?a
20、pproximately【原句回放】Its approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto，so. (P38)它在多伦多东北方约400千米，所以【点拨】 approximately adv大约，接近 There were approximately fifty people there 那里大约有五十个人。【拓展】 approximate adj. 近似的；大约的，大概的 approximation n近似；大概 approximate(vi.) to (be almost the same as)接近；近似 That is
21、 a very close approximation to the truth 那非常接近事实真相。impress【原句回放】What impressed you?(P39)什么给了你深刻印象?【点拨】impress vt使印象深刻；使铭记常用结构 impress sb. with sth. 以给某人留下印象 impress sth. on/upon sb使意识到(重要性或严重性等) The scenery is strongly impressed on my mind(主语是物) Im strongly impressed with the scenery(主语是人) 这道风景给我留下了
22、深刻的印象。【拓展】 impression n. 印象 make/create a good/bad impression on sb. 给某人留下好/坏印象 give a good/bad impression to sb. 给某人留下好/坏印象 under the impression of/that. 有印象 She gives the impression of being very busy 她给人的印象是特别忙。温馨提示 impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的，感人的重点短语 catch sight of【原句回放】. they managed to catch sight
23、 of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle(P34)她们设法看到了一些野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰catch sight of看见【点拨】sight n. 视力，视野 He has very good sight他视力很好。 Get out of my sight!离开我的视线!【拓展】sight相关短语： lose sight of看不见 at first sight乍一看，初看起来 in sight可见的；在视野内 out of sight看不到的 short-sighted近视的 long-sight
24、ed远视的 rather than【原句回放】Rather than take the aero-plane all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver.(P34)她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定先飞到温哥华【点拨】rather than与其，不愿 连接两个平行结构 前面有to do时，其后用(to) do 位于句首时，后接do It is a telex rather than a letter 与其说它是一封信，不如说它是一封电传。 I decided to write rather than(to) telephone 我决定写信而不打电话。 R
25、ather than risk breaking up his marriage，he told his wife everything 他唯恐婚姻破裂，把一切都告诉了妻子。【拓展】prefer to do rather than do / would rather do than do宁可也不愿 other than除了 or rather或者更确切地说 more than不仅，多于 as well as【原句回放】Going eastward，youll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests，as well as wide ri
26、vers and large cities(P34)一路向东行，你们会经过一座座山脉，上千个湖泊、森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。【点拨】 as well as (1)和一样好 He writes as well as Li Ming 他写字和李明一样好。 (2)用作介词，意为“以及，还有”，相当于besides。 The girl is lively as well as clever 这女孩既聪明又活泼。 I have a few English books as well as this 除了这本书外，我还有一些英语书。 I have heard from Comrade Wang a
27、s well as from Comrade Li 我不但收到了李同志的信，而且收到了王同志的信。 (3)除接名词外，还可接动名词。 He translated four novels as well as writing ten papers 除写了十篇论文外，他还翻译了四本小说。【拓展】 (1)as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应与其前的那个名词或代词的人称和数一致。 (2)连接两个动词不定式时，如果第一个带to，第二个就不带to。 (3)as well as.not 前后都否定；notas well as只否定前面。温馨提示 both.and. 不可与as we
28、ll as连用。 我父亲和我母亲都对音乐非常感兴趣。 ()Both my father and as well as my mother are very interested in music ()Both my father and my mother are very interested in music have a gift for 【原句回放】Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes(P34)他们当中的许多人都有骑马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元
29、的奖金。 【点拨】have a gift for对有天赋 You have a marvelous gift for science 你有科学方面的非凡天赋。 You have a surprising gift for seeing into peoples minds 你有惊人的才能，能看出别人的心思。【拓展】 gift n. 才华，天赋 gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才华的 be gifted with被赋予 a man of many girls多才多艺的人 a gifted boy一个有天赋的男孩 He was gifted with a good voice 他天生嗓音好。温
30、馨提示 nature n. 天性，秉性 He has a good nature他秉性很好。as far as 【原句回放】Its too bad you cant go as far as Ottawa，Canadas capital(P38)很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。【点拨】 as far as远及；一直到I can see as far as the sea我能看到远及大海。His parents supported him as far as they could他父母竭尽全力供养他。As far as I am concerned，Im not against you
31、r plan就我而言，我并不反对你的计划。As far as I could rememberI did return him the money 就我所能记得的，我确实把钱还给他了。【拓展】 As/So far as I know. 据我所知 So far. (于句首，且不能用As far)迄今为止 As far as sb. be concerned在某人看来 look over【原句回放】As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St Lawrence River，a young man sat down with
32、 them(P38)当她们坐在便餐馆里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时，一个年轻人坐在了她们的身边。【点拨】 look over从上方看过去，检查 look over the house检查这所房子 look over his shoulder从他肩膀上方看过去【拓展】look的相关短语： look on.as 把看做 look into 调查，研究 look after 照看 look back upon 回想；回顾 look down on/upon 看不起 look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望 look out 查出，找出；向外看；当心 look up 查找，好转，向上看
33、look up toas 尊为 look through 浏览，审核重点句型：“代词+现在分词”构成的独立主格结构【原句回放】It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall , some measuring over 90 meters. 那里很湿润，所以树长的特别高，有些高90米。【点拨】句中的that the trees are extremely tall 是结果状语从句，与前面的so 构成sothat结构。Some measuring over 90 meters 属于“代词+现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。独立主格结构相当于一个
34、状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等情况。其构成形式如下：名词/代词+现在分词（表示主动或正在进行）名词/代词+过去分词（表示被动或已完成）名词/代词+不定式（表示将要发生的动作，常位于句首或句末）名词/代词+形容词/副词（常用来说明名词或代词的性质或所处状态）名词/代词+介词短语（常用来说明名词或代词的性质或所处状态）Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。More time given, we should done it much better.如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。Here are the
35、 first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.这是前两卷，第三卷将于下个月出版。The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand.那位猎人拿着枪进了树林。（不可以说a gun in hand 或gun in his hand）“not until” 句式They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.她们要晚些时候才能去蒙特利尔，因此就在多伦多室内游览了一番。【点拨】本句
36、包含“not until” 句式，该句中until 为介词，其后一般接表示时间的名词或名词性词组。此外，until 还可做连词，引导时间状语从句。现将until的用法归纳如下： 与否定词not 连用，表示“直到才”，句子/主句谓语动词一般为非延续性动词或be动词。如：Dont get off the bus until it stops.车停稳再下车。 用语肯定句表示“直到为止”， 句子/主句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。如：He worked until his boss came back. 他一直工作到老板回来。 not until 引导的从句放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。如：Not until I came back did she go away. 直到我回来她才离开。