1、Section Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 .匹配词义A单词匹配()1.rescueAn.洲，大洲；大陆()2.trapBn.队长；组长()3.interruptCn.& vt.营救；救援()4.damageDvt.估量，衡量；测量()5.measureEadv.附近()6.captain Fn.& vt.努力，尝试，企图()7.prove Gn.伤害，损伤，损害()8.continent Hvt.打断讲话()9.attempt Ivt.困住；使陷入危险中()10.nearby Jvt.证明；证实答案15CIHGD610BJAFEB短语匹配()1.on ones way toA吸气
2、()2.make progressB用完；耗尽()3.carry onC为做准备()4.all the wayD取得进步()5.get intoE停止运转；出故障()6.breathe in F在某人去某地的路上()7.in preparation for G一路上；一直()8.at one time H曾经；一度()9.run out I继续()10.break down J陷入；染上答案15FDIGJ610ACHBE.默写单词1vehicle n交通工具，车辆2death n.死亡，死3operation n.行动，活动；手术；操作4process n.过程，进程5battle n.较量；
3、竞争；斗争；战斗6protection n.保护；防护7polar adj.极地的，地极的8exploration n.探险；探索9base n.基地，大本营；基础vt.以为基地10dust n.灰尘；尘埃.语境填词loss；suffering；prove；vehicle；continent；breathe；site；duty；dust；ambition1Asia is the largest of the continents of the world.2They hope this new evidence will prove her innocence.3She never achie
4、ved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.4A cloud of dust rose as the truck drove off.5He breathed deeply before speaking again.6In this job you have to harden your heart to pain and suffering7It is my duty to report it to the police.8A site has been chosen for the new school.9The closure of the
5、 factory will lead to a number of job losses10This vehicle was parked on private property.语法填空之派生词1The birth of her son was a minor interruption(interrupt) to her career.2We took a wrong turn and got lost(loss) in the mountains.3He underwent a threehour heart operation(operate)4This war has caused w
6、idespread human suffering(suffer)5He asked to be put under police protection(protect)6We had to stop for breath(breathe) before we got to the top.7The team has been training hard in preparation(prepare) for the big game.8The pilot studied his instruments anxiously(anxious)9We are looking for an ambi
7、tious(ambition) young assistant.10Our parents live some distance(distant) away.1While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too.在去南极洲的路上，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要南下。2First，his two sledges broke down and then th
8、e horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。3Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.大家早上穿上鞋子的速度也越来越慢了。4The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。5Scott had failed
9、 to win the race to the Pole，but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.虽然斯科特没能赢得去极地的比赛，但他和他的队员们表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为英雄。词语助读Robert Falcon Scott罗伯特法尔肯斯科特(18681912)，出生于英国德文郡普利茅斯，英国海军军官、极地探险家，人们称他为“斯科特船长”(Captain Scott)。Roald Amundsen罗尔德阿蒙森(18721928)，挪威极地探险家。他在探险史上获得了两个“第一”：第一个航行于西北航道，第一
10、个到达南极点。base n基地in preparation for为做准备anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地pull v拉；拖；拽sledge n雪橇ski n滑雪板make progress取得进步；取得进展break down 抛锚；(机器等)坏了after a while过了一会；过了不久shocked adj.震惊的shock v使震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的ambition n抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿ambitious adj.有抱负的；有雄心壮志的exploration n探险；探索explore v探险；探索explorer n探险者；勘察者run out of
11、 用完；用光(人作主语)run out用完；耗尽(物作主语)realise v意识到hopeless adj.无助的；绝望的cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的on ones way在某人去的路上all the way一路上；一直at one time以前；曾经distant adj.遥远的；疏远的continent n洲；大洲have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难carry on继续carry out执行；实施courage n勇敢；勇气courageous adj.勇敢的，有胆量的；有勇气的原文呈现RACE TO THE POLEOn 1 June，
12、1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey to AntarcticAWhile he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too.1 Then the race to the South Pole began!1which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a message。During the polar
13、 summer of 19101911，both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.2 Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.2本句是一个完全倒装句，then置于句首，谓语came提前。Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September，1911.3 He had teams of do
14、gs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.Because of this，he made rapid progress.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First，his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.After a while，Scott and his men had to push the
15、 sledges themselves.3不定式to leave作定语修饰the first。Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January，1912，ten days ahead of their planned schedule.Scott final
16、ly arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January，1912.They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary：“Well，we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushingand goodbye to most of our dreams.”The return journey was one of the wor
17、st in the history of exploration.The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott started to realise their hopeless situation：“We are very cheerful，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting
18、 slower and slower.”However，on their way back they found time to look for rocks.They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way with them.Later，these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past，the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.Then disaster came.Edgar Evans had a terrible disea
19、se and died after a bad fall.The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.Scott recorded his death：“He said，Im just going outside and may be some time.We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death，but though we tried to stop him，we knew that it was the act of a brave m
20、an and an English gentleman.We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit，and certainly the end is not far.”Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.Scott spent some o
21、f his last hours writing.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen：“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey.What stories you would have for the boy.but what a price to pay.”Scotts diary also told the story of their end：“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end cant be far.
22、It seems a pity，but I do not think I can write more.”The news of Scotts death shocked the world.Even Amundsen was moved by Scotts death saying“Captain Scott left a record，for honesty，sincerity，for bravery，for everything that makes a man.”Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the great cou
23、rage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.译文参考冲向极点的比赛1910年6月1日，罗伯特法尔肯斯科特船长离开伦敦，开始他的南极远征。在去南极洲的路上，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要南下。然后，冲向南极的比赛开始了！19101911年，在极地的那个夏季，两个队伍都建立了食物储存处，为他们明年的旅程做准备。接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。斯科特和阿蒙森都焦急地等待着春天来临。1911年9月8日，阿蒙森率先离开。他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有的人都装备了滑雪板。正因如此，他行进得很快。斯科特于11月1日出发，不久就遇到了问题。先是
24、他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。过了不久，斯科特和他的队员们不得不自己推雪橇。1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达南极，并在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他准备返程。阿蒙森和他的队友们在1912年1月25日平安回到起始基地，比计划的时间还提前了十天。1912年1月17日，斯科特和4名队员终于到达了南极。他们看到挪威国旗时感到非常震惊。斯科特在日记中写道：“好吧，我们现在已经失去了雄心壮志的目标，并且必须面对800英里的艰苦跋涉告别我们大部分人的梦想。”这次返程是探险史上最糟糕的一次。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气情况很糟糕。斯科特开始意识到他们的绝望处境：“
25、我们表面看起来都很开心，但每个人心里的感受我无从得知。大家早上穿鞋子的速度也越来越慢了。”尽管如此，在回来的路上，他们找时间搜集岩石。他们一路上带着20公斤的石块。后来，这些石块证实了，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植物覆盖。然后灾难来了。埃德加埃文斯得了重病，摔了一跤后死去了。接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。斯科特记录了他的死亡：“他说：我出去一下，也许得一段时间。我们知道可怜的奥茨正在走向死亡，尽管我们试图阻止他，但我们都知道这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望以类似的精神迎接自己的终点，当然终点也不远了。”斯科特和两名队员继续向前，他们到达了距离食品储存处不足11英里的地
26、方。但紧接着一场可怕的风暴开始了，他们根本无法离开帐篷。斯科特在他生命的最后几个小时进行了写作。他给妻子凯瑟琳写了一封充满悲伤的信：“我可以告诉你很多关于这次旅行的事情。这些故事你也可以讲给我们的孩子但这是多么大的代价啊。”斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局：“我们越来越虚弱，死亡不远了。这似乎很遗憾，但我认为我不能再写更多了。”斯科特去世的消息震惊了全世界。就连阿蒙森也被斯科特的死感动了，他说：“斯科特船长为诚实、真诚、勇敢以及一切造就一个男人的品质留下了记录。”虽然他没能赢得去南极的比赛，但斯科特和他的队员们所展现出的巨大勇气使他们成为英雄。速读P36P37教材课文，完成下列任务。.阅读判断判
27、断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及：1Scott received Amundsens message in 1911.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.2Scott made rapid progress because of his good preparations.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.3It took Amundsen about three months to arrive at the AntarcticAARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.4Scott collected some
28、 rocks on their return journey.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.5Scott died after he returned to England.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.答案15BBAAB.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。Awho was having great difficulty walkingBwhat each man feels in his heartCWhile he was on the way to AntarcticaDwhen they saw the No
29、rwegian flagEthat it was the act of a brave man and an Englishgentleman1_，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen.2They were shocked _3We are very cheerful，but _I can only guess.4The next to go was Captain Oates，_5.though we tried to stop him，we knew _答案15CDBAE.表格填空TopicThe
30、1.Race to the PoleAmundsens successful expeditionAmundsen from Norway was the first to leave，on 8 September，1911.He had teams of 2.dogs pulling sledges and all his men were on skis，because of which he made 3.rapid progressAmundsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put their national 4.flag th
31、ere.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scotts difficult butcourageous expeditionScott left on 1 November and soon had problems.The horses had difficulties with the snow and the cold，and the sledges broke down.After a while，Scott and his men had to 5.push the sledges themselves.Scott and four te
32、am members finally reached the Pole and they were 6.shocked by the Norwegians first arrival.Result and impliedmeaningThe return journey was hard for Scott and his men.They were 7.tired/exhausted and running out of food and the weather was terrible.All of the men died in the 8exploration.Scott and hi
33、s men 9.failed to win the race to the Pole but they were made into heroes because of their extraordinary 10.courage.细读P36P37教材课文，完成下列任务。.主旨匹配()1.ParA1AScott and his men were made into heroes.()2.Paras.25BThe return journey and the difficulties.()3.Paras.610CThe race began.()4.ParA11DThe race between
34、 Scott and Amundsen.答案14CDBA.单项选择1Amundsen was a(n)_ explorer.AItalianBNorwegianCBritish DFrench2Amundsen succeeded because _Ahis men were much more healthierBhis men arrived there by planeCdogs pulled his sledges and his men were on skisDhis men did not meet with snow and cold3In the return journey
35、，Scott met with the following except _Alack of food BexhaustionClack of fresh water Dbad weather4Why did Scott and his men become heroes?ABecause they achieved their goal of their ambition.BBecause they returned from their exploration safely.CBecause they won the race to the Pole.DBecause they showe
36、d great courage all the time.5Which of the following statements is TRUE?AAmundsen won the race to the Pole.BAmundsen and his men had to push the sledges themselves.CAmundsen and his men carried some rocks with them.DEdgar Evans had difficulty walking.答案15BCCDA.读后续写微技能A阅读教材课文中含有描述个人心情的语句1Scott and Am
37、undsen waited anxiously for spring.2They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.3We are very cheerful，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.B判断下列句子是否为描述个人心情的语句1The news of Scotts death shocked the world.(不是)2The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.(不是)1interr
38、upt vt.打断讲话interruption n打断2die vi.死，死亡；消失dead adj.死的，失去生命的death n死；死亡3lose vt.丢失，遗失；丧失loss n丧失；死亡4operate vt.运转；操作vi.手术operation n行动，活动；手术；操作5suffer vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨；遭受(痛苦)suffering n(肉体上或精神上的)痛苦，折磨6protect vt.保护；防护protection n保护；防护7breath n呼吸breathe vt.& vi.呼吸8prepare vt.预备，准备preparation n
39、预备，准备9anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地anxiety n焦虑；不安10ambitious adj.有抱负的，雄心勃勃的ambition n抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿11distant adj.久远的；遥远的distance n远处；远方1operation n行动，活动；手术；操作Doctors performed an emergency operation for appendicitis last night.手术The police have launched a major operation against drug supplie
40、rs.行动Operation of the device is extremely simple.操作2conduct vt.实施；进行；执行；举止，表现vi.& vt.指挥；带领，引导The negotiations have been conducted in a positive manner.进行The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.引导He conducted himself far better than expected.表现Dennis had recently begun a successfu
41、l career conducting opera in Europe.指挥Words and Phrases知识要点1trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中n.陷阱；阴谋(教材P34) Rescue teams try to save people trapped under buildings.救援队尽力营救被困在建筑底下的人们。例1They were trapped in the burning building.他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。例2She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻
42、了进去。造句他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。He was trapped in an unhappy marriage.知识拓展(1)be trapped in.被困在trap sb.into doing sth.诱骗某人做某事(2)set/lay a trap设置陷阱；布下圈套fall/walk into a trap落入陷阱/圈套fall into the trap of doing sth.落入做某事陷阱即学即练单句语法填空Many people trapped(trap) in buildings died before they could be rescued.I was trapped i
43、nto admitting(admit) I had done wrong.Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell into it.知识要点2attempt v& n尝试，试图，努力(教材P34) What happens on rescue attempts?在救援行动中发生了什么？例1The prisoners attempted an escape，but failed.囚犯们企图逃跑，但失败了。例2Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.为削减费用，有两家工厂被关闭了。造
44、句不要试图自己修理这个东西。Do not attempt to repair this yourself.知识拓展(1)attempt to do sth.试图/努力做某事attempt doing sth.试着做某事(2)at the/ones first attempt第一次尝试in an attempt to do(sth.)试图做某事make an/no attempt to do(sth.)企图做某事/没有做某事的企图即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The students who are not successful at the first attempt may take the
45、 exam again.I made no attempt to make(make) friends with her.Personally speaking，parents are making an attempt/are attempting to protect their children(正试图保护他们的孩子) by giving whatever they require.知识要点3preparation n准备，预备；配制品(教材P36) .both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys th
46、e next year.两个队伍都建立了食物储存处，为他们明年的旅程做准备。例1Careful preparation for the exam is essential.认真准备考试十分重要。例2We made preparations to move to new offices.我们已准备好要搬到新办公室。造句他协助我撰写此书。He assisted me in the preparation of this book.知识拓展(1)in preparation for为做准备make preparations for为做准备be in preparation在准备中(2)prepare
47、 v.准备prepare for sth.为做准备(强调动作)be prepared for sth.为做好准备(强调状态)prepare to do sth.准备做某事即学即练单句语法填空Tom is studying in preparation for the next examination.Tom is making preparations(prepare) for the next examination.Im not well prepared for the exam.Im afraid I wont pass it.The third book in the series
48、is currently in preparation.名师点津(1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth.)短语中；(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for短语。知识要点4anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地(教材P36) Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.斯科特和阿蒙森都焦急地等待着春天来临。例1The old woman was anxiously awaiting the re
49、turn of her relatives.老妇人望眼欲穿地盼望亲人们归来。例2Michael glanced anxiously down the corridor，but Mary was nowhere to be seen.迈克尔焦急地顺着走廊望去，可根本看不到玛丽的影儿。造句我忧心忡忡地等着他的电话。I was anxiously waiting for his phone call.知识拓展(1)be anxious about为担心/忧虑be anxious for sth.渴望某事be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事be anxious for sb.to do
50、 sth.渴望某人做某事be anxious that sb.(should)do sth.渴望某人做某事(2)anxiety n.忧虑，担忧with anxiety焦虑地即学即练单句语法填空Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.Peggy is anxious to show(show) that she can cope with extra responsibility.He was anxious that they (should) have(have) all they want.小片段填空My dau
51、ghter studies very hard，because she is anxious to go to college.But she is anxious about not passing the entrance exam.I am anxious that she should get rid of anxiety知识要点5break down(机器或车辆)出毛病，损坏；(讨论、关系或系统)失败，破裂，失灵；分解；将分成若干部分；(使)(物质)分解；感情失控(痛哭起来)(教材P36) First，his two sledges broke down and then the h
52、orses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。例1Talks with business leaders broke down last night.昨晚与商界领导人的谈判破裂了。例2Her sister broke down，sobbing into her handkerchief.她姐姐再也控制不住自己的情绪，捂着手绢呜咽起来。例3The dam broke down，and，as a result the land was flo
53、oded.大坝倒塌了，结果土地被淹了。例4We were driving half when the car broke down.当汽车抛锚时，我们正行驶到一半的路程。造句听到这消息时，她控制不住自己哭了起来，但很快她就平静下来了。She broke down when she heard the news，but quickly recovered.知识拓展break out(坏事)爆发；突然发生break in强行闯入；打断谈话break up破碎；解散；分手break through突破；冲破即学即练单句语法填空Not long after his return，a local war
54、 broke out near his town.He broke in with some ideas of his own.知识要点6on ones way 在途中(教材P37) However，on their way back they found time to look for rocks.尽管如此，在回来的路上，他们找时间搜集岩石。例1On my way to New York，I stopped over in Tokyo for two days.我在去纽约的途中在东京停留了两天。例2He met with an accident on his way to school.他
55、在上学的路上遇到一起意外事故。造句她在去学校的路上突然摔倒了，肯定是生病了。She suddenly fell down on her way to school，she must have been ill.知识拓展all the way一路上by the way顺便说by way of路经，途经in the way阻碍in a way在某种程度上in no way决不即学即练单句语法填空I put her downstairs so that she shouldnt be in the way.They are travelling to France by way of London.
56、In no way will I give in.名师点津(1)in no way意为“决不”，表示否定意义，放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。(2)on ones way to中的to为介词，后跟副词时应省略。如：on ones way home“在某人回家的路上”。知识要点7carry on 继续做某事(教材P37) Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.斯科特和两名队员继续向前，到达距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。例1Now we
57、have got a cart，we can carry on with our work.现在我们有手推车，我们可以继续工作了。例2Then they promised to stop，but they secretly carried on.当时，他们承诺停工，但暗地里仍在施工。造句他继续讲笑话，自己笑得前仰后合。He carried on telling jokes，laughing his head off.知识拓展carry on继续做某事carry away拿走carry out进行(实验)，实施(计划)，履行(义务、约定)carry sb.through(sth.)帮助某人渡过难
58、关即学即练单句语法填空Carry on with your work while Im out.Whatever difficulty you will meet with，carry out your plan.Their faith and courage carried them through知识要点8measure vt.度量(大小、长短等)；测量；打量；估量 n措施；标准(教材P102) .that is hard to measure.那很难衡量。例1A dipstick is used to measure how much oil is left in an engine.量
59、油尺是用来探查引擎中的剩余油量的。例2The pond measures about 2 metres across.这个池塘宽约2米。造句他说将会采取严厉措施惩罚凶手。He said strict measures would be taken against the murderers.知识拓展take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事make.to ones own measure根据某人的尺寸做(衣服)be measured by/in.用来计算/衡量take sb.s measure给某人量尺寸即学即练单句语法填空Scientists havent measure
60、d(measure) the positive effects of laughter on children.My mother made me a pair of trousers to my own measure.It is high time that we should take measures(measure) to protect endangered animals.名师点津当measure表示“量起来有长/高/宽”时，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。知识要点9suffering n(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨(教材P102)But its our duty to try ou
61、r best to reduce suffering and the loss of life.但尽量减少人们的痛苦和伤亡是我们的职责。例1Death finally brought an end to her suffering.死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。例2This war has caused widespread human suffering.这场战争给许多人带来了苦难。造句临终安养院旨在减轻临终者的痛苦。The hospice aims to ease the sufferings of the dying.知识拓展(1)suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)；感到疼痛suffer fro
62、m/for/by受的苦；遭受suffer hunger挨饿(2)sufferer n.受苦者；受难者即学即练单句语法填空He suffers a lot from his disability.The pains and sufferings(suffer) caused by the road accident were so great that the whole family couldnt live happily.小片段填空The villagers suffered from hunger.The sufferings made their life hard and some
63、sufferers had to leave their home.知识要点10run out(of sth.) 完成，用完；(某物)被用完，被耗尽(教材P103) .unfortunately，weve run out of time.不幸的是我们没时间了。例1Time is running out for the trapped miners.被困矿工的时间不多了。例2If were not careful，were going to run out of gas.如果我们不小心使用，我们将会耗尽汽油。造句问题是我们的钱已经用完了。The problem is that we have r
64、un out of money.知识拓展run into碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到run over(车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；浏览run after追逐；追求run across无意间碰到即学即练单句语法填空We went too fast round the corner and ran into a lamppost.He was run over and killed by a bus.The dog was running after a rabbit.名师点津“用完”的不同run out of “用完”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，其主语一般是人，可用于被动语态；run out “用完”(
65、become used up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词，不能用于被动语态；use up “用完”，是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。Sentence Patterns重点句式1完全倒装(教材P36) Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。句式分析：这是一个倒装句，主语是the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语动词为came。倒装的原因是句子的主语太长，为了保持句子平衡而把谓语动词came直接置于主语之前，这种倒装称为完全倒装。例1Then c
66、ame the hour we had been looking forward to.我们渴望的时刻终于到了。例2Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.我一生中很少遇到意志这么坚强的人。造句随即传来了一个小女孩的哭声。And then came the cry of a little girl.知识拓展使用完全倒装句的几种情况：(1)在以here，there，then，now，out，in，up，down，away，ahead等副词开头的句子中，常使用完全倒装。但是如果句子的主语是代词，则句子不倒装。(2)表示地点
67、、时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长又无宾语时，一般要倒装。(3)为了平衡句子的结构，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语，谓语部分较短时，更需要倒装。(4)such置于句首时，such 多被认为是表语。即学即练单句语法填空Under that tree sits(sit) a beautiful girl.Present at the conference were(be) experts from all over the world.Such are the facts，no one can deny them.重点句式2havesb./sth.doing(教材P36) He had teams
68、of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都装备了滑雪板。句式分析：句中have teams of dogs pulling是“havesb./sth.doing”结构。知识拓展have sb./sth.doing现在分词表示动作的进行和持续，宾语是动作的执行者。have sb./sth.do动词原形表示动作未完成，宾语是动作的执行者。have sb./sth.done过去分词表示动作已经完成，宾语是动作的承受者。即学即练单句语法填空He had his favorite Alsatian do
69、g poisoned(poison) and two other dogs in the household shot(shoot)Shell have you doing (do) all the housework if youre not careful.The rich lady had the singer eat(eat) with her servants.重点句式3 have difficulty in doing sth.(教材P37) The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walki
70、ng.接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。句式分析：句中have difficulty in doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。知识拓展have some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth.theres some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth.做某事有一些/许多/很大/一点/没有困难have a problem (in) doing sth.做某事有问题have a difficult time (in) doing sth.做某事有困难have
71、fun (in) doing sth.做某事很有趣；从做某事中获得乐趣即学即练单句语法填空Whenever we have difficulty with our study，our teachers help us patiently.Though Ive learnt English for several years，I have some trouble/difficulty/problems in communicating(communicate) with foreigners.While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a
72、 message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too.分析while引导时间状语从句；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a message。翻译在去南极洲的路上，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要南下。教材高考1.Rescue teams try to save people trapped under buildings.(2019天津) We succeed in our field of specialization and then become tr
73、apped in it.2.Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.(2019天津)She was anxious to know what had happened.单句语法填空1When I went in the office，I found my English teacher is busy preparing(prepare) his lessons.2My energy has run (run) out，so I feel very tired.3No matter what happens，we should carry
74、on with our research.We should not back out.4If Jimmy carries on working like this，he will break down sooner or later.5They had great trouble in getting(get) in touch with their father abroad.6He had his leg broken(break) during the football match.7Two robbers broke into her home，held a knife to her
75、 throat and stole her savings.8Reports of this kind are guaranteed to cause anxiety(anxious)9He suffered from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly.10We ran out of coal，and had to burn wood.短语填空on ones way to；breathe in；all the way；in preparation for；carry on；make progress；at one time；get
76、into1She went with me all the way to the station.2I got into the habit of calling in on Gloria on my way home.3In preparation for the discussion，you will write a discussion question for each article.4At one time the schools were mainly attached to the church.5In large cities people breathe in danger
77、ous gases from cars and chimneys.6He was very pleased to see that the kids had made progress7He has been allowed to leave the country and is on his way to Britain.8If you carry on in that way，you will be more and more divorced from the masses.课文语法填空On 1 June，1910，Captain Scott began his journey 1.to
78、 the AntarcticAAt the same time，the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south.During the polar summer，both teams organised food bases in 2.preparation (prepare) for their journeys.Amundsen reached the Antarctica first.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scott 3.finally(final) arrive
79、d at the Pole.They 4.were shocked (shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote sadly in his diary：“Well，we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushingand goodbye to most of our 5.dreams (dream)”The return journey was one of the worst in the history of explo
80、ration.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott realised their 6.hopeless (hope) situation: “We are very cheerful，7.but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess .”Then a terrible storm started.Scott spent some of his last hours 8.writing (write)He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wif
81、e.The news of Scotts death shocked 9.the world.He had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the extraordinary courage 10.shown (show) by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.构词法派生观察例句1He encouraged me to be a writer in the future.2In the past few years，Lucy has formed the habit of keeping a s
82、upply of candles in case of a power failure.3It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable when they are with their parents.4Todays experience taught me some valuable lessons in my life.5I love children very much because I always feel that they bring great happiness and excitement to my li
83、fe.归纳用法(一)前缀1表示否定意义的前缀(1)ununfortunate不幸的unable不能够的uncomfortable不舒服的(2)ininconvenient不方便的incorrect不正确的informal不正式的(3)imimpolite不礼貌的imperfect不完美的impossible不可能的(4)ilillegal违法的illogical不合逻辑的(5)irirregular不规则的irrelevant不相关的(6)nonnonviolent非暴力的nonprofit非营利的(7)disdislike不喜欢disapprove不赞成dishonest不诚实的disadv
84、antage弊端，不利条件2表示其他意义的常见前缀(1)en使enable使能够enrich使丰富enlarge扩大，使变大endanger危及(2)re再，又retell复述review复习reunite团聚(3)mis错误misunderstand误解mislead误导misread误读(4)pre在之前preview预习prereading读前prehistoric史前的(5)fore在前面forehead前额foretell预言forecast预测，预报(6)inter在之间，互相international国际的interact互动interpersonal人际的(7)trans转变，
85、变换translate翻译transport运输transform转变，改造(二)后缀1形容词后缀(1)ywindy有风的lucky幸运的healthy健康的(2)lyfriendly友好的deadly致命的lively活泼的(3)alnatural自然的national国家的personal个人的(4)ive attractive吸引人的effective有效的impressive印象深刻的(5)ic/icalhistoric有历史意义的energetic精力充沛的historical历史的(6)ousfamous著名的dangerous危险的mysterious神秘的(7)fulwonde
86、rful精彩的beautiful美丽的hopeful有希望的(8)lesscareless粗心的homeless无家可归的helpless无助的(9)ablecomfortable舒适的acceptable可接受的reasonable合乎情理的adaptable可适应的2名词后缀(1)表示“人”的名词后缀ercleaner清洁工reporter记者employer雇主，老板orinventor发明家actor演员visitor游客istartist艺术家scientist科学家pianist钢琴家dentist牙科医生esshostess女主人waitress女服务员actress女演员ian
87、musician音乐家politician政治家historian历史学家(2)表示其他意义的常见名词后缀thtruth真相strength力量，强项width宽度depth深(度)warmth温暖domfreedom自由boredom无聊，厌烦wisdom智慧mentdevelopment发展achievement成就amazement惊讶excitement兴奋nesshappiness幸福weakness弱点kindness善良seriousness严重性，严肃性tion/sioncompetition竞争construction建设discussion讨论conclusion结论adm
88、ission接纳，准许入学ance/ence importance重要性appearance出现，相貌existence存在patience耐心confidence信心(t)ydifficulty困难loyalty忠诚cruelty残忍safety安全responsibility 职责，责任alarrival到达approval赞成，批准survival幸存3动词、副词后缀(1)enwiden加宽deepen加深weaken削弱(2)izeapologize道歉emphasize强调memorize记住(3)lyslowly慢慢地happily高兴地extremely极其地surprising
89、ly令人惊讶地.单句语法填空1Thankfully (thank)，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.2The sightseeing options are endless (end)，but most travelers begin on the harbor at the Sydney Opera House.3Ron had a successful (success) career and worked for Ford before retiring.4Only in thi
90、s way can they grow up to be independent (depend) and become truly successful (success)5My first impression (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful (thought) young man.6A group of robbers entered the building using equipment (equip) to dig holes and destroy walls on Sunday night.7Not
91、knowing how to operate the computer is one of the disadvantages (advantage) in finding jobs.8News of the robberies frightened (fright) many people into fitting new locks to their doors.9The high school boys love playing basketball，and it is a useful (use) way to release their study pressure (press)1
92、0Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver (drive)，should be equally (equal) respected.短文语法填空Professor Smith，one of the famous 1.educators(educate)，comes from a 2.European(Europe) country.We all respect him for his 3.devotion(devote) to teaching.He 4.frequently(frequent) goes to gym to play b
93、asketball with us.After 5.graduation(graduate)，he 6.has taught(teach) in our school for 20 years.He tells us that we students should know our own strengths and 7.weaknesses(weak)He always 8.encourages(courage) us to speak English everywhere.With his 9.assistance(assist)，we made rapid progress in our English.He leaves us a deep 10.impression(impress)