1、Part Lesson 3The Road to Destruction【学习目标】话题语境人与自然之人与环境的探讨课时词汇annoyed, stuck, relate, suit常用短语get stuck in, stressed out, compared to, go up, to be frank, be addicted to, pick up重点句式(1)It takes somebody some time to do sth.(2)形容词短语作状语(3)the number of.的主谓一致单词巧练写准记牢.核心单词练习：请根据所给的词性和词义写出单词1_ vt. 适合 n.
2、套装2_ adj. 定期的，有规律的3_ vi. 相联系，有关联4_ n. 癌症5_ n. 十年，十年期6_ n. 愤怒，怒气7_ adj. 烦恼的，生气的8_ n. 拥挤；堵塞；果酱9_ adj. 卡住的，无法移动的.常用单词练习：根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示写出符合句中单词的正确形式1_ (有规律的) exercise is very important to our health.2Several _ (十年) have passed since I graduated from the college.3We must _ (相联系) these principles to our
3、 everyday work.4If something _ (适合) you, it is convenient for you or is the best thing for you in the circumstances.5One of the worlds longest traffic j_ was 109 miles (175.42 kilometres) long, between Paris and Lyon on the French Autoroute in 1980.6I get a_ when someone talks to me while Im reading
4、.7If something is s_ in a particular position, it is fixed tightly in this position and is unable to move.8He was able to hold back his a_ and avoid a fight.阅读本部分内容，翻译相关短语1接某人 _2闲坐，无所事事地坐着 _3对上瘾 _4坦白地说 _5与有关联 _6与相比 _7上升，上涨，增加 _8焦虑的 _9的数目 _10降低的风险 _11放弃 _12卡在 _第一版块：重点单词1.stick vt. (stuck, stuck); n棒，
5、棍(教材P58)How do you feel when you get stuck in traffic jams?当你遭遇交通堵塞的时候，你感受如何？(1)stick vt. 粘贴；刺，插；放置；伸出stick sth. on sth. 把一物贴在另一物上stick sth. in sth. 把一物刺入/插入/放进另一物里(2)stuck adj. 卡住的，陷住的，无法移动的。常与in连用(be) stuck (in.) 陷(入)；困(于)(get) stuck (in.) (3)被难住，答不上来Stick ones head out of the window.把头伸出窗户。We wer
6、e stuck in traffic for over an hour.我们遇上堵车，堵了一个多小时。I was stuck with my little sister all afternoon.我整个下午都被我的小妹妹缠住了。The wheels were stuck in the mud.车轮陷到了泥里。She got the key stuck in the lock.她把钥匙卡在锁里了。I got stuck on the first question.头一个问题我就答不上来。常用搭配：get/be stuck in 陷入，卡在get/be stuck on 被难住；答不上来；卡壳g
7、et/be stuck for 不知所措；(为某事)犯愁get/be stuck with摆脱不了；甩不掉用法拓展：stick around 待在原地，不要走开stick out 伸出stick to 坚持，遵守stick up 举起，(使)竖立stick with 继续，坚持；留在记忆里get the wrong end of the stick 完全误解不规则动词ABB式bendbentbentbindboundboundbleedbledbledbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltburnburnt/burnedburnt/burnedbuyboughtb
8、oughtcatchcaughtcaughtdealdealtdealtdigdugdugfeedfedfedfeelfeltfeltfightfoughtfoughtfleefledfledgetgotgot/gottenhanghung/hangedhung/hangedhavehadhadhearheardheard即学即练完成句子/判断下列句子中stuck的含义/单句语法填空她在信封上贴了一张邮票。She _ a stamp on the letter.护士把针扎进他的胳膊里。The nurse _ (stick) a needle in his arm.她把书放入抽屉里。She _
9、(stick) her book in the drawer.他把头伸出公交车窗外。He _ his head out of the bus window.车陷入泥里了。The car was _ (stick) in the mud.别走开，我过一会儿需要你帮助。_ around. Ill need you to help me later.我会信守诺言。Ill stick _ my promise.我们按原计划进行吧。Lets stick _ our original plans. If you get stuck on a difficult word, just ask for hel
10、p._Sara tried to open the window but it was stuck._Seven of us were stuck in the lift for a long time._You will arrive at the airport on time if you do not get stuck _ a traffic jam.Im _ (stick) on this part of the instructionscan you explain it to me again?2.annoyed adj.生气的，烦恼的(表示人自身的感受)(教材P58)to f
11、eel annoyed感到生气be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生气be annoyed to do/that. 使人恼火I was so annoyed with him for turning up late.他姗姗来迟，我很生气。He was annoyed at the way she tried to take over the whole meeting.她试图操控整个会议，这使他很恼火。She was annoyed to discover that her husband had taken her car
12、 keys.她丈夫拿走了她的汽车钥匙，她发现后很生气。The teacher was annoyed that his students did not study hard.老师因学生不用功学习而生气。归纳拓展：(1)annoy vt. 使生气，使恼怒；打扰(2)annoyance n. U恼怒，烦恼；C使人烦恼的事to sb.s annoyance 让某人生气的是annoying adj.使恼怒的，使生气的，使烦恼的(表示事或物的性质)语境串记：To my annoyance, nobody informed me that the meeting was put off until af
13、ternoon. Ryans frequent interruption during the meeting made me even more annoyed. It seemed that he didnt realise this annoying habit ever.使我恼火的是，没有人通知我会议推迟到了下午。瑞安在开会时不断打断我，这使我更加恼火。他似乎从来没有意识到他这令人讨厌的习惯。即学即练单句语法填空Being annoyed _ other people easily is harmful to your health.She stayed awake till midn
14、ight because of her _ (annoy) sleeping problem.Whenever the young animal is frightened or _ (annoy), it always rushes to its mother.To our _ (annoy), the air conditioner broke down on the hottest night of the year!3.relate vt.把联系起来vi.相联系，有关联vt.讲述，叙述(教材P59)Some types of cancer are related to traffic
15、pollution.多种癌症与交通污染有关。relate.to. 把和联系起来be related to. 与有关联relate to 涉及，与相关，谈到；能够理解并同情relate sth.(to sb.) (向某人)讲述The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to the increase in unemployment.这份报告试图把犯罪率上升和失业增加联系起来。The second paragraph of the text relates to the situation in Scotland.文章第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。Many
16、adults cant relate to children.许多成年人并不了解儿童的想法。He later related the whole story to me.他后来给我讲了这件事的来龙去脉。归纳拓展：(1)related adj. 相关的，有联系的(2)relation n. U，C(事物之间的)关系，关联，联系in relation to 关于；与相比即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子/一词多译Not only is likability related _ positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those ou
17、tcomes, too.他说的那些与我们现在讨论的有什么关系吗？How do his remarks _？你应该写下与这个问题有关的所有信息。1You should write down all the information _the problem.2You should write down all the information _ the problem.4.suit vt.满足(某人)需要，对(某人)方便，合(某人)心意；适合，适宜；(尤指服装、颜色等)相配，合身nC一套衣服，套装(教材P59)Do whichever of these things that suit you.做
18、你方便做的任何事情。suit ones need/taste 满足某人的需要/适合某人的口味suit sth.to sth./sb. 使某物适合某物/某人suit sb.(fine) (很)合某人的意；对某人来说(很)合适The software can be adapted to suit the particular needs of the end user.该软件可修改以满足终端用户的特定需求。A good speaker is always trying to suit his speech to his audience.一个好的演说家总是试图让自己的演说适合听众的口味。This
19、hot weather doesnt suit me.天这么热，我真受不了。Blue suits you. You should wear it more often.你适合穿蓝色。你该多穿蓝色衣服。She was wearing a black trouser suit.她穿着一套黑色衣裤套装。联想串记：suited adj. 合适，适宜，适当be suited for/to. 适宜suitable adj. 合适的，适宜的unsuitable adj. 不合适的be suitable for. 适合辨析比较：suit/fit/match(1)suit多指衣服等的颜色、款式或花样适合；还可指
20、事物合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。This style of dress suits you well.这种款式的连衣裙很适合你。No dish suits all tastes.众口难调。(2)fit多指衣服等大小、尺寸、形状等方面的合适，通常意为“合身，适合”。It is important that childrens shoes fit correctly.孩子们的鞋正合脚是很重要的。(3)match多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很搭配，显得很协调。The colour of the shirt does not match that of the tie.衬衫的颜色与
21、领带的颜色不相配。即学即练单句语法填空/选词填空：match/suit/fitShe is quite _ (suit) for the job; she is fluent in both English and French.As global warming increases, the Earth will become less and less suited _ life.First of all, the colour of the hat should _ the colours of your skin and hair.It was because I grew so fa
22、st that many clothes my mom bought me didnt _ me any longer.As we know, a red jacket doesnt _ green trousers. But when a little girl wears them, they _ her very well.The lifestyle of the city seems to _ hershe looks very well.第二版块：重点短语1.go up (1)(价格、温度等)上涨，上升。近义词有rise和increase，反义词(组)有reduce, decreas
23、e, go down。(2)被兴建，被建造。主语是事物。(教材P58)By how much has the number of cars gone up in the last 20 years？在过去的20年里，汽车数量增长了多少？go up by. 上升了(表示上升的程度或幅度)go up to. 上升到(表示上升后的结果)With the temperature going up，we found it hard to stay outdoors.随着温度的升高，我们发现很难待在户外。Unemployment in this country has gone up by 25% in
24、the last ten months.这个国家的失业率在过去十个月里上升了25%。High-rise apartment buildings have gone up where there was once open land.在曾经是空地的地方建起了高层公寓大楼。归纳拓展：go by(时间)流逝go ahead先走；开始做，着手干go in for爱好；参加考试(或竞赛)go through仔细察看；检查；经历，遭受go over仔细检查go into开始做；(金钱、时间等)用于go against反抗；违反；不利于go down(物价等)下跌；(船等)下沉；(日、月)落下即学即练选出能
25、替换画线部分的词语/用go的相关短语完成句子A cross-sea bridge is going up not away from my hometown. (being built/being designed)_It is predicted that food prices will continue to go up in the next few months. (raise/rise)_Tall buildings are _ along the new road leading to the downtown area.I didnt _ poetry before, but
26、now Im beginning to take an interest in it.As time _，he finds it important to learn another foreign language.The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.She must have _ a lot!2stressed out adj.因压力而累垮的(教材P58)How often do we arrive at work or school,
27、 stressed out, tired and angry？我们有多少次抵达工作地点或学校时感到焦虑、疲惫和愤怒？(1)under stress 在压力之下under the stress of. 在的压力下lay/place/put stress on/upon. 强调；给压力(2)stressHe was stressed out by the noise and the crowds in the shops during the sales.他被大减价时商店里的噪音和人群弄得精疲力竭。名师点津：stressful adj.(指物)压力重的；紧张的stressed adj.(指人)焦虑
28、不安的；心力交瘁的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换 More stress should be placed _ the cultivation of creativity._ the stress of bad weather the ship had to return.We must _ (强调) on self-reliance.Worrying over his job and his wifes health _ (使他处于极大的压力之下)Our teacher often places stress on good education.Our teacher often
29、_ good education.第三版块：典型句式1.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费时间做某事(教材P58)“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10！”“今天早上，我去市中心花了40 分钟。A10公路上的道路工程比之前更多了！”It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”。其中It为形式主语，后面的不定式结构为真正的主语。可与It takes/took some time
30、 for sb. to do sth. 互换。It took him ten years to write the book.写这本书花费了他十年时间。It took a long time for her to change her attitude.她用了很长时间才改变了态度。知识归纳：表“花费”的几个句式(1)sb. spends money on sth.sb. spends money (on) doingsb. spends time in some placesb. spends time on sth.sb. spends time (in) doing sth.(2)sth.
31、 cost some money某物花了钱sth. cost sb. some money某物花了某人钱It cost (sb.) some money to buy sth.买某物花了(某人)钱(3)sb. pay some money for sth.(4)It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费时间去做某事即学即练单句语法填空It took him only a few minutes _ (draw) the picture._ will take a long time for her to recover from the illness.How
32、long does it take _ (go) there on foot?2.形容词(短语)作状语(教材P58)How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry？我们有多少次抵达工作地点或学校时感到焦虑、疲惫和愤怒？在英语句子结构中，形容词(短语)可充当状语，用来描述谓语动作(或分词短语中的宾补动作)发生的时间、原因、条件、伴随状态等。当形容词(短语)作状语时，通常用逗号与主句分开，位置可在句首、句中或句末。The survivors lay on the beach, shocked and e
33、xhausted.幸存者躺在海滩上，心有余悸，疲惫不堪。(表状态)Hungry (Because he was hungry), he hurried to the kitchen.因为太饿了，他匆忙跑到厨房。(表原因)Eager for an immediate reply (Because he was eager for an immediate reply), he sent me another e-mail. 由于渴望立刻得到回复，他又给我发了一封电子邮件。(表原因)He approached us，full of apologies.他向我们走来，并连声道歉。(表伴随状态)Wet
34、 or fine (Whether it was wet or fine), he got up at six and took a walk in the park.不管下雨天还是晴天，他总是六点钟起床到公园里散散步。(表让步)名师点津：(1)形容词(短语)作原因、条件、让步状语时，往往放在句首；(2)形容词(短语)作伴随或结果状语通常放在句末。即学即练完成句子_ (既惊奇又高兴), Tom came to the front and accepted the prize._(沉浸在阅读中), he didnt notice someone slide into the room.His m
35、eal lay on the table, _ (没吃)_ (无论生病与否), the young man always studied very hard.Every nation, _ (无论大小), should be equal._ (愿意做这件事), the girl nodded her agreement.3the number of.作主语时的主谓一致(教材P58)In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。the number
36、of 的主谓一致“the number of名词”作主语，中心词是the number，谓语动词用单数形式；a number of意为“若干；许多”，相当于many，和复数名词连用，“a number of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。The number of undergraduates has increased over the years.本科生的人数这几年已经增加了。A number of women want to be language teachers.许多女性想成为语言教师。即学即练单句语法填空With a rise in _ number of cars, tra
37、ffic has become increasingly heavier._ good number of books in the market are examination-oriented.Nowadays the number of college graduates in a country _ (reflect) its cultural standard.A number of highly qualified scholars _ (work) in Singapore till now.词语积累roadworks/rdwks/npl.道路施工anger/(r)/n.U怒，怒
38、火anger at.对的怒火in anger气愤地be filled with anger/be full of anger满腔怒火angry adj.发怒的，生气的be nothing compared to.与相比不值一提figure nC，pl.(代表数量，尤指官方资料中的)数字decade/deked/n.C十年in/over the past/last decade在过去十年里average nC，U平均数greenhouse gas nC温室气体greenhouse effect nsing.温室效应gas/s/n.C，U气体；U煤气，天然气cancer/kns(r)/n.C，U癌
39、，癌症；C(社会)毒瘤be related to (be connected/linked to)与有关联relate/rlet/vt.联系，使有联系，把联系起来make excuses找借口be addicted to沉迷于(to为介词)regular/rejl(r)/adj.定时的，有规律的regularly adv.有规律地；经常cut the risk of.降低的风险so what？那又怎么样？(认为某事无关紧要，尤用于反驳他人的指责时)around the corner很近，在附近Her house is just around the corner.她的房子就在附近。There
40、were good times around the corner.好时光很快就会来临。speed limit限速suit/sut/vt.对(某人)方便，满足(某人)需要，合(某人)心意sit around/about无所事事地消磨时间，闲坐I have a busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.我的生活非常忙碌，没有时间坐在那里自怨自艾。horrible adj.极坏的，十分讨厌的,Part 1“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More
41、 roadworks on the A10！”“Oh really? It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11.”How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck in traffic jams? How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry【1】？ For many people, the answer is every day.
42、 But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially. Here are some figures about Britain：【1】画线部分为形容词(短语)作状语，表示主语的状态。In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars.Over the last decade， an average of 2,500 people have
43、 died every year in vehicle accidents.Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases.Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.Part 2We know that c
44、ars are bad for us. But we all make excuses：“The buses are terrible”； “The trains are always late”；“I havent got time to walk”. Im talking about myself, too. To be frank, Im addicted to my car. When I asked Jenny Trowe of Greenpeace for advice about how to give up, she told me five things：Use your l
45、egs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!Use public transport. Up to 90 pe
46、ople can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what？ You can relax, read a book, talk to someonewho knows?Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town? What about the s
47、hops around the corner？ Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about
48、the noise, pollution and danger of traffic.There is. If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Dont just sit around and complain!All quite simple, isnt
49、it? Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, Im sorry I have to finish this article, but Ive got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm.Then Ive got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible， but what
50、 can I do？第1部分“今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施工！”“真的吗？我花了一个多小时。M11公路上发生了一起事故。”你每隔多久会听到这样的对话？有多少次我们陷于交通堵塞之中？又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、疲惫又愤怒？对很多人来说，答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据：在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3 200万辆汽车。在过去十年中，平均每年有2 500人死于交通事故。交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。每年有近3万人死于
51、空气污染。多种癌症与交通污染有关。第2部分我们知道汽车会带来危害。但总能找到借口：“公共汽车很糟糕”；“火车总是晚点”；“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我自己。坦率地说，我离不开我的车。当我向绿色和平组织的詹妮特洛维询问如何放弃汽车时，她给了五条建议：走路。2014年，超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。可以轻易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行走可以省钱，保持健康并帮助延长寿命。经常锻炼也能降低50%患心脏病的风险！使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈谁
52、知道呢？出发之前先想想。你真的必须去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗？拐角处的商店怎么样？在上车之前，想想你是否真的需要去那个地方。共享汽车。如果不得不用车，与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜，也更环保。采取行动！我们经常觉得面对交通带来的噪音、污染和危险，自己无能为力。其实我们可以有所为。如果你所在的那条街交通繁忙，去和邻居们谈谈。给报社写信。去市政府。申请设置限速。做你方便做的任何事情。别光坐在那里抱怨！这些都很简单，不是吗？五种简单方法就可以改善环境。好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。然后我得开车去超市购物，之后还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通将会非常糟，但我能怎么办呢？
53、.单词拼写1I was a_ with my son about his carelessness, which was the main cause of his failure in math.2If the chair is too high, you can adjust it to s_ you.3The best approach to building up your body is to take _ (定期的) exercise.4We remained _ (卡住的) in the traffic _ (堵塞)until midnight due to a serious
54、accident.5In the past two _ (十年), great changes have taken place in our country.单句语法填空1Stuck _ the heavy snow, my father insisted that we stay where we were when he asked for help.2Filled with _ (angry), a person tends to say whatever comes to his mind.3Road accidents have gone up _ 2% in the first
55、season of this year.4You cannot just sit _ in your office waiting for your boss to promote you.5If you are addicted _ your mobile phone, thats when you should lay it down and be involved in meaningful activities.6From the _ (annoy) look on her face, we knew that she was quite angry about what her so
56、n had done.7The price of new houses in that area goes _ and most people cannot afford one there.8Whats wrong? You look really stressed _ .I have been working the whole week preparing for my paper.9With the spirit of voluntary work rooted in my heart, I am sure that I can be a _ (suit) volunteer you
57、need.10Generally speaking, tiredness is directly related _ a drivers response time.课文语法填空We know that cars are bad for us. Here are five easy ways to improve our environment.Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys 1._ (be) under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we cou
58、ld 2._ (easy) walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live 3._ (long)Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while 4._ same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, 5._ you can relax, read a book, talk to someo
59、newho knows?Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre 6._ the other side of town? What about the shops around the corner? Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need 7._ (make) that journey.Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share 8._ (jour
60、ney) with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.Take action! If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city 9._ (govern). Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Dont just sit around a
61、nd complain.All quite simple, isnt 10._？ Part Lesson 3The Road to Destruction双基夯实课前排查.1suit2.regular3.relate4.cancer5.decade6.anger7.annoyed8.jam9.stuck.1Regular2.decades3.relate4.suits5.jams6annoyed7.stuck8.anger1pick sb. up2.sit around/about3.be addicted to4to be frank5.be related to6.be compared
62、to7.go up8stressed out9.the number of10.cut the risk of11give up12.get stuck in核心突破要点讲解第一版块：重点单词1stuckstuckstuckstuckstuckSticktowith被难住卡住困(于)instuck2withannoyingannoyedannoyance3torelate to what we are discussing now1related to2in relation to4suitablefor/tomatchfitmatchsuitsuit第二版块：重点短语1being built
63、risegoing upgo in forgoes bygone through2on/uponUnderlay/put/place stressput him under great stressstresses the importance of第三版块：典型句式1to drawItto go2Surprised and delighted Lost/Deep in reading uneaten Sick or not big or small Willing to do this 3theAreflectshave worked夯实基础一遍落实.1annoyed2.suit3.regular4.stuck; jam5.decades.1in2.anger3.by4.around/about5.to6.annoyed7.up8.out9.suitable10.to.1were2.easily3.longer4.the5.but6.on7to make8.journeys9.government10.it