1、2014-2015学年高中英语同步【状元】练习题（1）及解析答案：Unit4（人教新课标必修3）单元测评(四)Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars(时间：90分钟满分：110分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1His wife gave _ birth to a baby girl last week, which gave him _ great pleasure.A. the; the B. the; /C. /; t
2、he D. /; /答案与解析D句意：上周他的妻子产下一名女婴，这给他带来了很大的快乐。give birth to“生产；产下”； pleasure“高兴、快乐”，不可数名词。2(2013泰安高一检测)It is obvious that water is to be _ to the development of life.A. gentle B. fundamentalC. harmful D. violent答案与解析B句意：很显然水对于生命的进化起着关键作用。be fundamental to . “对是基本的”； gentle“轻柔的”； harmful“有害的”； violent“
3、猛烈的”。3The two parties are holding the talks in a friendly _ at present. Hopefully, they will reach an agreement.A. atmosphere B. conditionC. situation D. climate答案与解析Aatmosphere“气氛”； in a friendly atmosphere“在一种友好的气氛中”。condition“条件；状况”； situation“形势；情形”； climate“气候”。4The question was so _ that there
4、 was a _ expression on the teachers face.A. puzzled; puzzling B. puzzled; puzzledC. puzzling; puzzled D. puzzling; puzzling答案与解析Cpuzzling“令人困惑的”：puzzled“困惑的”，a puzzled expression“困惑的表情”。句意：这个问题如此令人困惑以至于老师的脸上露出了困惑的表情。5I was tired out that evening, but I _ from falling asleep by a sharp pain in my sto
5、mach.A. was prevented B. had preventedC. has prevented D. am prevented答案与解析Aprevent sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，由于主语I和动作prevent之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。且根据前一分句的时态可知应用一般过去时。6 I failed my driving test again. Dont be discouraged. Youll be successful _. A. at times B. at one time C. on time D. in time答案与解析D由答语
6、语境可知“你终究(in time)会成功的”。7 _ you like that latest type of car so much, why not buy it? Well, I cant afford so expensive a car. It is worth 200, 000 yuan.A. As if B. Even ifC. Now that D. In case答案与解析Cnow that既然，符合句意。as if“仿佛；好像”； even if“即使”； in case“假使；以防。”8A true friend should be the one who always
7、_ you up when you are upset.A. gives B. cheers C. talks D. pulls答案与解析Bcheer sb. up“使某人感到高兴/振作起来”。句意：好朋友应该是在你沮丧时总是鼓励你的人。9_ the students will visit the city museum this Friday hasnt been decided.A. If B. What C. That D. Whether答案与解析D句意：学生们这周五是否去参观市博物馆还没有定下来。whether(是否)引导主语从句，if不能引导主语从句。10See the model
8、 ship _ in the pool? Thats what my father made for me last weekend.A. float B. floating C. floated D. to float答案与解析Bfloat与the model ship之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故在此用float的动词ing形式作后置定语，修饰the model ship。11. After we finish the design, the company, _ its turn, should do the following work.A. in B. on C. at D. for答案
9、与解析A句意：在我们完成设计后，应该轮到这个公司做剩下的工作了。in ones turn“轮到某人”。12Prices of the basic necessities of life have been going up sharply since word came that war would _ between the two countries soon.A. take out B. break outC. die out D. give out答案与解析Bbreak out指(战争、灾难、疾病等)突然爆发。句意：自从有消息说不久战争将在这两个国家之间爆发，基本生活必需品的价格就一直
10、在急剧上涨。13_ is known to us all is that the 2016 Olympic Games will take place in Rio de Janeiro. A. It B. What C. As D. Which答案与解析BWhat引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。14Though most people know that smoking _ the risk of heart attacks and other health problems, it is still hard for them to give it up. A. gains B. gath
11、ers C. combines D. multiplies答案与解析Dmultiply“增加”。gain“获得”； gather“聚集”； combine“结合”。15 Mom, may I play computer games just for a while? _！ Dad is writing his paper on the computer. A. Help yourself B. Its up to you C. Behave yourself D. Go ahead答案与解析Cbehave yourself“好好的；听话；规矩点(对孩子等的用语)”。help yourself请
12、随便(吃、用等); Its up to you由你决定； go ahead“行；可以；往下说”等。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When Katie was nine years old, her teacher gave each kid in her class a cabbage seedling (幼苗). She _16_ the seedling in her backyard. Then she watered it every day _17_ it grew into
13、a 40pound cabbage!The vegetable was too _18_ for her family to eat. “I knew my cabbage needed to _19_ a special home，” said Katie. So she _20_ it to a local soup kitchen a place that provided _21_ for people who were hungry.Because of her _22_， the soup kitchen invited Katie to help serve the cabbag
14、e. That cabbage helped to_23_ lots of people.Katie loved the _24_ of growing food to feed people. She _25_ she needed more garden space.Her school had an unused _26_， and Katie thought it was the perfect spot. The school liked the garden idea, and all the students were _27_ to help. But Katie didnt
15、_28_ there. She worked with local _29_who gave her plots (小块土地) of land for additional (额外的) gardens.Katie hoped to grow all kinds of crops, _30_ she didnt know how. She asked for help from an expert gardener. Together, they _31_ the types of vegetables that grow best in the area. A seed company the
16、n gave them all the plants.Katies _32_ grew even bigger than her cabbage. Her group, Katies Krops, now has seven gardens. All the land _33_ that they can grow a lot of food for the needy. Encouraged by Katie, lots of kids and adults _34_ to plant and water. Katies Krops has _35_ soup kitchens over 5
17、,000 pounds of vegetables so far.16A. studied B. cut C. planted D. washed17A. though B. if C. until D. because18A. fresh B. hard C. sweet D. big19A. build B. accept C. leave D. find20A. sent B. returned C. told D. lent21A. houses B. jobs C. clothes D. meals22A. kindness B. happiness C. protection D.
18、 question23A. recognize B. hire C. feed D. save24A. silence B. luck C. trust D. satisfaction25A. forgot B. promised C. doubted D. decided26A. desk B. room C. field D. book27A. excited B. hurry C. brave D. possible28A. stop B. lie C. live D. help29A. students B. farmersC. teachers D. workers30A. so B
19、. or C. for D. but31A. cooked B. chose C. hid D. changed32A. trouble B. idea C. picture D. mistake33A. means B. hopes C. feels D. advises来源:学科网34A. hate B. happen C. refuse D. volunteer35A. sold B. bought C. shown D. given答案与解析语篇解读从一棵大白菜到如今的菜园连锁集团，Katie让无数忍饥挨饿的人得到她的恩惠。16CKatie把老师给的那棵白菜苗“种(planted)”在
20、了自家的后院里。下文中的it grew into a 40pound cabbage是提示。17C白菜苗种上之后，Katie每天给它浇水“直到(until)”它长成了40磅重的大白菜。18D从前面的40pound cabbage可知，这棵白菜太“大(big)”以至于Katie家人吃不了。19D因为白菜很大，所以Katie决定为它“找(find)”一个特殊的家。根据下文她的捐赠行为可知答案。20AKatie把它“送(sent)”到了当地的一个施食处。21D根据who were hungry可知，a local soup kitchen是在义务为饥饿的人们提供“饭食(meals)”。22A由于她的
21、“仁慈(kindness)”，施食处邀请她去帮助施舍这棵白菜。23C这棵大白菜帮助“喂养(feed)”很多人。24D见下题解析。25DKatie喜欢上了种菜帮助人们的这种“满足感(satisfaction)”，因此她决定“(decided)”要更多的菜园空地。26C根据上文的she needed more garden space及下文的it was the perfect spot可知，她的学校有一块不用的“地(field)”。27A由上文“学校喜欢她的这一想法”可知，学生们都很“高兴(excited)”去帮忙。28A从下文的. for additional gardens可知Katie并没
22、有“停留(stop)”在此。29B根据下文的. gave her plots of land for additional gardens可知当地的“农民(farmers)”给了她一些小块土地。30DKatie想种植各种各样的作物，“但是(but)”她不知道怎么种。31B从上文的She asked for help from an expert gardener可知，她和专家一起“挑选(chose)”在那个地区生长最好的蔬菜种类。32B从下文的Her group, Katies Krops, now has seven gardens可知，她成立了Katies Krops，所以Katie用蔬菜
23、救助人们的“想法(idea)”变得更大了。33A所有这些土地“意味着(means)”他们能为生活贫困的人提供更多食物。34D受Katie的鼓励，很多小孩和成人都“自愿(volunteer)”来干活。35D由上文可知Katie送给施食处蔬菜。所以在此用given。第二部分阅读理解(共两节；满分30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAllie saw a little bird, which rested on a light close to the stores ceiling.来源:Z+xx+k.ComAs
24、 a man left the store, the automatic (自动的) door opened. The bird flew down toward it. Allie held her breath, afraid the bird would crash into the closing door.But it didnt. It finally landed on top of a mountain of tomatojuice cans, looking nervous.Allie raced to the door, opening it. “Come on, litt
25、le bird！” she cried, waving her arms. “You can fly away now.”The bird looked at Allie but didnt move. Mr. Andrews saw this and said, “Let me try.” He stood in the open doorway for a moment. Then he called, “Come on, little fellow. Dont be afraid！”The bird didnt move. “Im sorry, but I have to go，” sa
26、id Mr. Andrews. He left, and the door closed. Allie and Mom continued shopping. Allie felt terrible each time she heard the birdcall!Finally, she and Mom arrived at the checkout (收银台) and she saw the bird was on the tomatojuice cans again, watching the doorway.Outside, Mrs. Sanchez was coming near t
27、he store entrance in her wheelchair (轮椅). She paused in the open doorway and slowly bent down to clean dirt off her shoes.This was the birds chance!Allie called quietly, “Mrs. Sanchez, hold still, please！”Mrs. Sanchez looked puzzled.After she looked at the bird Allie pointed to, she gave Allie a nod
28、.Seeing that, Allies bird flew fast right over Mrs. Sanchezs head and out the door.Mrs. Sanchez sat up again. “Thanks, Mrs. Sanchez! You helped my bird get out！” Allie cried.Then she ran to the window. She watched the bird join its friends who were lined up on the wall, waiting, and then fly up into
29、 the sky.语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Allie的小女孩帮助困在商店里的小鸟飞出去的故事。36What was Allie doing when she first saw the little bird?A. She was drinking tomato juice.B. She was planning to leave the store.C. She was shopping with her mother.D. she was standing on top of a mountain.答案与解析C推理判断题。根据下文中的“Allie and Mom conti
30、nued shopping”可推测，看到那只鸟时，Allie正跟她妈妈在商店里购物。37Mr. Andrews had a try at _.A. catching the bird B. comforting the birdC. closing the stores door D. helping the bird fly away答案与解析D细节理解题。由上文Allie打开门想让小鸟飞出去以及下文Mr. Andrews站在门口让门打开的动作可知，他试着帮助小鸟从商店飞出去。38What does the underlined word “paused” in the text mean?
31、A. Searched. B. Stood.C. Succeeded. D. Stopped.答案与解析D词义猜测题。由该词所在段落的内容以及下文中的“Mrs.Sanchez，hold still，please . You helped my bird get out”可知，坐着轮椅进商店的Sanchez夫人只有停在商店门口，自动门才能保持开着，小鸟才能飞出去。故paused此处意为“停住”。来源:学科网ZXXK39When Allie watched the bird join its friends, she probably felt very _.A. bored B. happyC.
32、 proud D. nervous答案与解析B推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是“Allie felt terrible each time she heard the birdcall”可知，Allie一直想帮助困在商店里的小鸟飞出去，当她自己跟Andrews先生的尝试都失败后，她很难过，所以当在Sanchez夫人的帮助下，小鸟终于飞出去以后，她应该是感到高兴。BThe earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while the other planets (行星
33、) dont? For one thing, the earth is just the right temperature. As the_third_planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are hot that their surfaces bake (烘烤) in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.When the earth developed
34、 which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its ocean
35、s. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars (火星). Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit
36、 cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special space suit, you could walk around on Mars. You would have to bring your own air to breathe, the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.Mars has the l
37、argest volcano (火山) in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. The most unexpected (未预测到的) sight on Mars is dried up river beds. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living thin
38、gs on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.40Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?A. The earth is just the right temperature.B. The volcanos on earth are lower than those on Mars.C. There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.D. The earth se
39、ems to be just the right distance away from the sun.答案与解析B细节理解题。文中提到地球是可证实的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原因包括地球合适的温度、距太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。B项火山与此无关。41The underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refers to _. A. the Sun B. the Moon C. the Earth D. the Mars答案与解析C词义猜测题。根据第一段中内容可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。42Which
40、of the following about the Mars is NOT true?A. There could have been living things on Mars.B. Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.C. There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars.来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+KD. Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler.答案与解析A细节理解题。文章最后一段提到火星上有干涸的河床的
41、迹象，但这一点并不能证实火星上存在生命，因为还没有生命迹象，故A项不正确。其他三项都与文章相符。CFamily activitiesSchools out and its time to make your family active.DivingThis is a great way to make swimming even more fun. High board diving needs muscle control. Lessons begin at the pool side, where you will learn some basic skills before moving
42、 on to the boards. Try a saltwater pool, on warmer days, and enjoy the fresh air, high boards and water games.Suitable for: 13Cost: 10 an hour. The first lesson, which lasts one hour, is usually free if you decide to carry on.Contact: Find your local swimming pool at www. britishswimming. org; 015 0
43、96 18 700续表SailingSailing is great for building confidence and provides a mental and physical challenge from the beginning. It can be done alone, and picking up the basics is easy.Suitable for: 8Cost: FreeContact: The Royal Yachting Association; 084 534 50400 ; www. rya. org. ukSurfingBalance, coord
44、ination and patience are required to learn the art of surfing, but the excitement of jumping to your feet on the board for the first time and tiding a wave to the shore is an excellent experience.Suitable for: 8Cost: 30 an hourContact: www. nationalsurfingcentre. com; 016 378 50737GymnasticsGymnasti
45、cs improves flexibility (灵活性), strength, and teaches selfdiscipline. Although Olympiclevel gymnastics takes years of practice to master (掌握), more simple moves are easy to learn in a day and can be practiced at home.Suitable for: 4Cost: 6 an hourContact: British Gymnastics; 084 512 97129 ; www. brit
46、ishgymnastics. org语篇解读放假了，让孩子们做些什么对健康有益的活动呢？跳水、划船、冲浪，还是体操呢？should choose _.A. Diving B. Sailing C. Surfing D. Gymnastics答案与解析D细节理解题。参加跳水、划船、冲浪运动的年龄要求分别是13岁以上、8岁以上和8岁以上，而体操的年龄要求是4岁以上，所以选D。44If you have a 10hour course in diving, you should pay _.A. 100 B. 300 C. 90 D. 60答案与解析C数字计算题。由Diving中的“10 an ho
47、ur. The first lesson, which lasts one hour, is usually free if you decide to carry on.”可知，每小时10英镑，如果决定继续学的话第一个小时免费，所以上10个小时的课需要付90英镑。45If you want to increase your confidence, you can call _.A. 084 512 97129 B. 015 096 18700C016 378 50737 D. 084 534 50400答案与解析D细节理解题。由Sailing中的“Sailing is great for b
48、uilding confidence .”可知答案为D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friends are important to children. Research shows that children who have no friends might suffer from difficulties later in life. _46_ In making friends, children can also learn how to communicate with others a
49、nd solve problems.In order to help your children make friends, you need to understand the steps children take in building friendships.Be a friend to your children at home. _47_ Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting along with their parents. Greet t
50、he children warmly and let them know you are glad to see them. Children learn a lot from the time their parents spend with them.Teach your children how to solve conflicts (争执). _48_ If you know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own. Only step in if it is really necessary. F
51、or example, an argument is leading to a fight._49_ Have your children play games that require cooperation. For example, relay races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork._50_ You can encourage your children to do this by setting an example to them when someone gives you a hand.A. Good f
52、riendships start at home.B. Encourage your children to show thanks to others.C. Give children chances to practice working together.D. Friendship provides children with more than just fun.E. Children should be wise when choosing their friends.F. As children grow older, they continue to depend on thei
53、r parents support.G. Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others.答案46.D47.A48.G49.C50.B第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(每小题1分，满分10分)英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文。假设以下短文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一
54、横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。3必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。My mother died months before and my father was often out on the business, so I felt very lonely. I missed my old life then my mother was still alive and we were happy. Laura was my best friends and cared about me very much.
55、 One Friday when I thought I will have to spend the weekend alone, I couldnt help cry. She sat with me, not saying something while I cried until I felt calmly. From that day on she often encouraged me face my life bravely. Gradually I began to consider the reality calmly. Under her help I was able t
56、o deal with my feelings better.答案My mother died months and my father was often out on business, so I felt very lonely. I missed my old life my mother was still alive and we were happy. Laura was my best and cared about me very much. One Friday when I thought I have to spend the weekend alone, I coul
57、dnt help . She sat with me, not saying while I cried until I felt . From that day on she often encouraged me face my life bravely. Gradually I began to consider the reality calmly. her help I was able to deal with my feelings better.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2013江苏阜宁高一检测)最近我校对高一学生入学一学期后的学习生活适应情况做了一个调查，情况如下。请你用
58、英语表达下表的调查结果，并提出个人观点。60%左右的学生认为40%左右的学生认为我的观点1.高中学习很有压力；2. 科目难度大，课后作业多；3没时间参加锻炼等活动。1.适应并喜欢高中生活；2课程更有趣，活动更丰富，受益匪浅。要求：1.词数150左右；2文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。参考词汇：course 课程；benefit 对有益； stressful 有压力的Recently, a survey has been carried out in our school whether the freshmen have become used to the life in senior hi
59、gh school._范文Recently,_a_survey_has_been_carried_out_in_our_school_whether_the_freshmen_have_become_used_to_the_life_in_senior_high_school.As can be seen from the result of the survey, opinions are divided. About 60% of the students in Senior 1 hold the opinion that life in senior high school is far
60、 from relaxing. The reasons are as follows: First of all, the subject they are learning now are obviously more different. Besides, they have to do endless homework after class, which leaves them little time for exercise and other activities.On the contrary, others say they have become used to the ne
61、w life and have begun to enjoy it. They say that they find the courses are more interesting and the activities are more colorful, which surely benefit them a lot. As far as Im concerned, we should balance our study and other activities and do everything effectively. Only in this way can we learn more and enjoy our life.