1、四川洪雅县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（1）及答案文化教育型阅读理解(一) A Practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English a
2、nd illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.In the fourth edition, the main changes are as follows.1Explanation and
3、examples have been brought up to date.2There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpos
4、e clauses.3Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must，etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advi
5、ce.4The content list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.In this edition, the sign “” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogues. Note also says that although the sign “”sometimes connects two words or exp
6、ressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, eg. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa o
7、f Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.1. The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for _Aa middle school teacherBa primary school studentCa senior high studentDa college s
8、tudent2. According to the passage, we know that this grammar book_Acompares modern English with old EnglishBgives a large number of examples to reduce difficultyCattaches more importance to conversational formsDpays little attention to strict grammatical forms3. Which of the following statements abo
9、ut the changes is TRUE?AThis book keeps up with the latest usages of the American English language.BThis edition offers more information about pronouns.CIts not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.DOne particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish
10、”4. When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? Yes, I managed to get one”， we can understand that _Athe two parts before and after the sign “” mean the sameBthe two parts before and after “” are said by two different peopleCthe second speaker repeats what the first speaker saysDthe t
11、opic is changed in the part after the sign “”5. In the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because_Athey have helped the authors with this editionBthey have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authorsCthe authors want to make use of the fame of those peopleDthose people will make adve
12、rtisements for this book【参考答案解析】A【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了实用英语语法的特点及对它的第四版与之前版本主要不同的地方进行了介绍。1B根据文章第一段“A Practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students.”可知，实用英语语法适合中级水平或者更高水平的学者，即不适用于小学生。故选B项。2C根据第二段“Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms
13、 are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.”可知，这次修订更加注重于有争议的形式。故选C项。3D根据第三条“verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves”可知，某一个特定的章节会来讨论表示喜好的动词。故选D项。4B从“In this edition, the sign is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogues.”可知，“”前后两部分是两个不同的人的说话内容
14、。故选B项。5A从最后一段“We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.”可知，这些人都给作者提供了好的建议和帮助。故选A项。 科普知识型阅读理解 Studying volcanoes is a demanding profession. Hazel R
15、ymer frequently has to struggle through rainforests, climb to the top of mountains, then climb 200 metres into the crater of active volcanoes. But the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is. “Driving to work is more risky，” she insists. “And the deepest I go
16、into the crater of a volcano is about 300 metres，” she adds, trying to make it all sound as ordinary as taking the dog for a walk. Hazel has been studying volcanoes for a long time, so its not surprising that she is used to the danger. Her interest in volcanoes began at school. A teacher gave her a
17、book about Pompeii. “I remember reading about the eruption of Vesuvius and the destruction of the city，” she explains. “The thought of all those people just frozen in time had quite an effect on me and I am still excited by their dangerous beauty today.” Nowadays, volcanoes are getting more and more
18、 unpredictable. There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps. These have resulted in some dormant volcanoes erupting, so studying them is more dangerous than ever before. Hazel says that although she doesnt take any unnecessary risk, she has had some fright
19、ening moments. Her worst experience was on the slopes of Mount Etna in Sicily, when she was slowly surrounded by lava. “I had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it，” she explains. She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream. “I gu
20、ess it was five metres. The flow was 1，000， so if you hesitated your boots would begin to melt. It was scary, but it really was a practical decisionthere wasnt time to do anything else.” And what about the future? “I havent been to the volcanoes in Indonesia yet. And I would love to spend some time
21、working in the Antarctic，” she says. “I would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang.” In other words, Hazel Rymer wont be exchanging her volcanoes for the relative safety of Driving to work just yet. 1. Hazels claim that “Driving to work is
22、more risky” than exploring volcanoes shows that _. A. people have exaggerated the dangers of volcanoes in the past B. Hazel does not really understand the dangerous situations she puts herself in C. there are many bad drivers in the place where Hazel lives D. Hazel is being modest and understating t
23、he dangers she faces 2. When did Hazel first become interested in volcanoes? A. When she was visiting Italy. B. When she was at school. C. When she was twenty. D. When she saw Vesuvius. 3. The underlined word “These” (Paragraph 3) refers to _. A. melting icecaps B. volcanic eruptions C. changes in s
24、ea level D. higher temperatures 4. When Hazel was on Mount Etna she had to _. A. take a dangerous route B. take an unnecessary risk C. leave her boots behind D. walk for ten hours around the mountain 5In the future, Hazel wants to _. A. revisit volcanoes she knows B. go on holiday to the Antarctic C
25、. find a less dangerous job D. discover new things about volcanoes(一)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了火山学家Hazel Rymer对火山的一些研究行动。1D 推理判断题。由此句话的前一句“But the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is.”以及此句话可知，Hazel Rymer说开车上班比对火山进行研究更危险可以得知，她是谦虚的，并且淡化其面临的危险。2B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Her intere
26、st in volcanoes began at school.”可知她在读书时就对火山感兴趣。3C 代词指代题。由画线词的前一句话“There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps.”可知，是海水高度的变化导致休眠火山的爆发，故C正确。4A 细节理解题。由第三段最后几句“I had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it，she explai
27、ns. She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream.I guess it was five metres. The flow was 1，000， so if you hesitated your boots would begin to melt. It was scary, but it really was a practical decisionthere wasnt time to do anything else.”可知，她选择了从熔岩流中走过，这是一条更危险的路。5D 细节理解题。由最后一
28、段的内容“I would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang”可知，Hazel将继续对火山进行研究，并发现一些新的东西。科普知识型阅读理解(二)- Europes deadly outbreak of a rare form of Ecoli(大肠杆菌) bacteria has brought new attention to food safety issues. Ecoli bacteria naturally live in th
29、e intestines(肠) of humans and many animals. Most kinds of Ecoli are harmless but some can make people sick.One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made them sick? Of course, on
30、e way to avoid such problems is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. This_is_easier_said_than_done,_but scientists keep looking for new ways.Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner. The inspection system is fixed i
31、n the packing houses where produce is sorted for market. The system is designed to identify the produce polluted by soil or animal waste. The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.Scientists designed the system at a Department of Agric
32、ulture research centre in Beltsville, Maryland. Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team.MOON KIM: “We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to test the polluted produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample.”The scanner uses a highspeed camera placed over
33、the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit. A spectrograph device can use the light to check an apple to show evidence of damage. Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.MOON KIM:
34、 “We are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years.”The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventors hope to improve the proce
35、ss so it can show the whole surface.1. The passage mainly talks about _A. the danger of Ecoli bacteria to healthB. the way to avoid getting sick from foodC. a system to test the polluted produceD. the new attention to food safety issues2According to the passage, we know the new scanner _A. has alrea
36、dy used in the supermarketB. is perfect to find out the polluted appleC. is still in test and need to improveD. can also damage the bacteria in the food3What can we learn from the passage?A. Most of the Ecoli is dangerous to the peoples health.B. The damage in the fruit might cause it difficult to s
37、ell out.C. Now the system can take the pictures of each piece of fruit.D. The scanner is put on a moving belt while testing the produce.4. By saying “This is easier said than done” in Paragraph 2, the writer wants to _A. show the difficulty in finding the bad bacteria from the food supplyB. show the
38、 scientists hardship in finding a new way to heal the diseaseC. express his/her anger to the businessmen from selling the polluted foodD. express his/her worry about the dangerous issue in todays food safety5This passage can be classified as _A. an advertisement B. a book reviewC. a feature story D.
39、 a news report(二)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了美国科学家开发了一种使用高科技光学扫描仪的实验系统。1C 主旨大意题。由本文的内容以及其主题句，即第三段第一句“Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种用来检测被污染的产品的实验系统，故选C项。2C 细节理解题。由倒数第三段“Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be avai
40、lable before long.”以及本文最后一句“The inventors hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface.”可知这一扫描仪还在试验当中且需要改进，故选C项。3B 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.”可知水果损害之后更难吸引购物者，也就会导致其很难卖出。4A 细节理解题。由画线词前一句“one way to avoid such problems i
41、s to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply.”可知，要从食物的来源里找到有害的病菌是有困难的。5D 推理判断题。由文章中把MOON KIM说话的内容直接引入的形式来看，本文应该是一篇新闻报道。文化教育型阅读理解(一) A fellow speaker from California named Geri flew to Japan, in her favourite jeans and a casual jacket, to give her first speech. Fourteen hours later, four perf
42、ectly dressed Japanese gentlemen greeted her at Narita Airport. Smiling and bowing low, they handed her their business cards. With her bag in one hand, Geri took their cards with the other. She thanked them, glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly. When the five of t
43、hem arrived at the hotel, they invited Geri to tea in the lobby (大厅). While sipping tea, the gentlemen presented her with a small gift which she eagerly opened. She was thrilled with the gift and shouted excitedly, “Oh, its beautiful！”At this point, the four Japanese gentlemen stood up and, bowing o
44、nly very slightly, said “Sayonara” and left immediately. Poor Geri was left astonished. What did she do wrong?Everything! Her jeans were the first gaffe. Even if youre coming off a bicycle in Japan, you do not meet clients (客人) casually dressed. The second mistake was Geris handling of their busines
45、s cards rudely. In Japan, the business card is one of the most important communicative tools. It is always presented and accepted respectfully with both hands. However, Geri put their cards away much too quickly. In Japan, people use business cards as a conversation starter. You chat about each othe
46、rs cards and work and do not put theirs away until they gently and respectfully place yours in safe keeping. Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients. In a land whe
47、re saving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received. What is worse, Geri hadnt even given them a gift!1. In the four Japanese gentlemens eyes, Geri took their cards _AexcitedlyBembarrassinglyCpolitelyDdisrespectfully2. Why did
48、the four Japanese gentlemen leave Geri suddenly?ABecause they couldnt bear Geris behaviour any longer.BBecause they had finished the task.CBecause Geri had something more important to do.DBecause Geri felt embarrassed.3. What does the underlined word “gaffe” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AIgnorance.B
49、Sadness.CMistake.DCarelessness. 4. The third mistake Geri made was that she _Aused her own card as a conversation starterBtook her clients cards with one handCkept her clients cards in a wrong placeDmet her clients in jeans5. What lesson can we draw from this story?AHonesty is the best policy.BThink
50、 twice before you take any action.CWhen in Rome, do as the Romans do.DDont claim to know what you dont know.【参考答案解析】B【要点综述】 本文介绍了Geri在与日本人交往中所犯的几个礼仪上的错误。1D由文章第一段“glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.”和第四段的“The second mistake was Geris handling of their business ca
51、rds rudely.”可知答案。2A从第五段“Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients.In a land where saving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received.”可推知答案。3C从第三段“What did she do wrong？”和第四段的“The second mistake was Geris handling of their business cards rudely.”可推知答案。4C从第四段“The second mistake was Geris handling of their business cards rudely.”和“Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.”可推知答案。5C纵观全文可得出答案。
