1、2013 高考英语语法高频难点精析(三) - It +点时间/段时间+before诠释甘肃 庆阳 刘克炜【摘 要】“It be + 点时间/段时间 + before从句”结构复杂,用法特殊,与其它从句交叉套用频率高,既是状语从句中的难点句式,又是高考的必考点。【关键词】before结构 辨析高中英语中,before句式,相似性强,考生易混淆,究其用法,现小结于后,敬供商榷。1. It was / will be + 段时间 + before 在“It was / will be + 段时间 + before 从句”结构中,before是从属连词,表示“ 才;就”,引导时间状语从句。例:It w
2、as just 3 days before the book was published.三天后那本书就出版了。例:It will be five years before we meet again.五年后我们才会在见面。2. It wasnt long before / It wont long before 在“It wasnt long before从句”结构中,before是从属连词,表示“不久以后就”;而“It wont long before从句”结构中,before是从属连词,意为“不久就会”,引导时间状语从句。例:It wasnt long before he came ho
3、me.他不久后才(很快)回到了家里。例:It wont long before you get well again.不久你就可以恢复健康了。 3. It be + 点时间 + before 在“It be + 点时间 + before从句”结构中,before是从属连词,表示“在之前;时间是”,引导时间状语从句。例:It was 4:00 before he came to see you.他是四点后来看你的。4. It be + 点时间 + when 在“It be + 点时间 + when从句”结构中,when是从属连词,表示“当时是”,引导时间状语从句。例:It was 4:00 wh
4、en he came to see you.他来看你时,已是四点了。5. It be + 段时间 + since 在“It be + 段时间 + since从句”结构中,since是从属连词,引导时间状语从句。若从句中谓语动词是短暂性动词,表示“自从以来有多久了”;若从句中谓语动词是延续性动词,则表示“(多久)不了”。例:It was two years since I joined the League member.我入团已三年了。(join是短暂性动词)例:It was many years since I enjoyed myself like this.我已有多年没有像这么开心了。(
5、enjoy是延续性动词)6. It be + 时间 + that 在“It be + 时间 + that从句”结构中,构成强调句,表示“就是时间才”。例:It was two years later that I came back from abroad.正是两年后我才回国的。7. It is / will be + 段时间 + until 在“It is / will be + 段时间 + until从句”结构中,until是从属连词,引导时间状语从句,表示“过了(要过)多久才”,until相当于before。例:It would be 10 years until / before he
6、 knew the truth.十年后他才得知真相。【温馨提示】(1)until用于肯定句,表示“直到为止”,谓语动词一般是延续动词,常见的有stay, work, study, play等,表示动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。例:Tell him to stay up until I get back.告诉他,等我回来后再去睡。(2)until用于否定句,表示“在之前;直到(才)”,谓语动词一般是终止性动词,常见的有come, arrive, leave, die等,表示动作到until所表示的时间时才发生。例:They wont come to any decision unti
7、l they had a chance to discuss it wholly.等有机会全面讨论这个问题后才定夺。综合上述,句子结构千变万化,规则众多,用法奇特,但只要根据已有的学习经验和知识水平分析句子,理解用意,进一步进行信息整合,推理判断,便可找到更新的理解办法或途径,这样,无论多么难的句子都可以一一化解了。 【经典演练】1. It was _ he came back from Africa that year _he met the girl he would like to marry. A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that
8、 D. only; when 2. - Have you know Dr. Jackon for a long time? - Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined3. - Did his father come back early last night ? - Yes, it was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. before B. when C. that D. until【答案与解析】1. C 考查强
9、调句与时间状语从句辨析。句意:正是他那一年从非洲回来时,他才遇到了他的确想要结婚的那位姑娘。此处应是强调句型,被强调的对象是“not until he came back from Africa that year ”,不是时间状语从句,而选项A,B和D项不合要求,故C项正确。2. D 考查since时间状语从句。句意:自她加入汉语协会以来。据语境分析,此处since表示“自从以来”,而选项A,B和C均不合语义,故D项正确。3 B 考查when时间状语从句。句意:当他回到家里时,还不到八点。据语境分析,此处it指时间,when引导时间状语从句,表示“当时候”,而选项A,C和D均不合语义,故B项
10、正确。【能力提升】1. - How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon ? - Perhaps two or three years. A. when B. until C. that D. before2. It was some time later _ we realized two or three years. A. until B. before C. that D. since3. How long is it _ we last saw each other in S
11、hanghai ? A. since B. before C. until D. that 4. That was really a special evening, its years _ he enjoyed himself so much. A. when B. that C. before D. since 5. It seemed only seconds _ the boy finished washing his face. A. when B. before C. after D. since6. - What did she want to know, Tom ? - She
12、 wondered _ we could complete the experiment. A. when was it B. it was when that C. it was when D. when it was that7. Was it in 1939 _ the Second World War broke out ? A. that B. when C. until D. since 8. It was two years _ I began to learn English. A. when B. since C. before D. that9. It was not un
13、til dark _ he found _ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. A. that; what B. that; that C. when; what D. when; what 【答案与解析】1.D 考查before时间状语从句。句意:- 你认为中国多少时间后才能把宇宙飞船发射到月球上呢?- 或许两三年吧。据语境分析,此处before引导时间状语从句,表示“在之前,才”,而选项A,B和C均不合语义,故D项正确。2.C 考查强调句与时间状语从句辨析。句意:就是一段时间以后我们才能弄清事实的真相。据语境分析,此处强
14、调“some time later”, It be that 构成强调句式,而不是时间状语从句,而选项A,B和D均不合句式要求,故C项正确。3.A 考查since时间状语从句。句意:我们最后一次自在上海见面后有多长时间了呢?据语境分析,此处应是since引导时间状语从句,表示“自以来”,而选项B,C和D均不合语义,故A项正确。4. D 考查since时间状语从句。句意:那是一个特别的晚上,已有多年没有这么开心了。据语境分析,此处应是since引导时间状语从句,表示“自以来”,而选项A,B和C均不合语义,故D项正确。5. B 考查before时间状语从句。句意:好像没大一会儿,那个小孩就把脸洗完
15、了。据语境分析,此处应是before引导时间状语从句,表示“.才”,而选项A,C和D均不合语义,故B项正确。6. D 考查强调句与时间状语从句辨析。句意:- 她到底想知道什么,Tom? - 她想知道我们完成这项实验的时间。据语境分析,此处应是强调句,被强调的对象是“when”,又因放在she wondered之后,随之构成宾语从句,将when提出以平衡句子,表示“.时候”,而选项A,B和C均不合要求,故D项正确。7. A 考查强调句与时间状语从句辨析。句意:就是在1939年爆发的第二次世界大战吗? 据语境分析,此处应是强调句型,被强调的对象是“in 1939”,不是时间状语从句,而选项B,C和
16、D均不合要求,故A项正确。8. B考查since时间状语从句。句意:我自学英语以来,有两年时间了。据语境分析,此处应是since引导时间状语从句,表示“自以来”,而选项A,C和D均不合语义,故B项正确。9. A 考查强调句与时间状语从句辨析。句意:直到天黑时,他才发现他所想到的正是解决这个问题的有效途径。 据语境分析,此处应是强调句型,被强调的对象是“not until dark”,又在he found后跟了一个what引导的宾语从句,不是时间状语从句,而选项B,C和D均不合要求,故A项正确。参考文献:1.全日制普通高级中学教课书(试验修订本必修)高中英语(人教版)2.2012年全国普通高等学校统一招生考试说明英语(人教版) 3.全日制普通高级中学教学教材课程标准英语(人教版) 4.2012年全国及各省市高考试题全解英语卷薛金星(人民日报出版社2012.7.) 5.牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典As Hornby ,张芳杰编(牛津大学出版社6.牛津高阶英汉双解词典As Hornby , Sally Wehmeier, 陆谷孙编 (商务印书馆)7.实用英语语法张道真编(商务印书馆)8.英语高考必备刘锐诚编(中国青年出版社)9.试题调研英语第6辑(高考热点大串讲)杜志建编(新疆青少年出版社2013.02.)10.现代英语惯用法词典费致德编 (商务印书馆)