1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventions一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1patent n专利证书；专利权2courtyard n. 院子；庭院；天井3powder n. 粉末；火药4perfume n. 香水；香味5stainless adj. 无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的6cube n. 立方体；立方7caution n. 小心；谨慎8merry adj. 愉快的；高兴的9glue n. 胶水；胶vt. 粘贴；粘合10greengrocer n. 蔬菜水果商(pl.) 蔬菜水果店11identification n.
2、 鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明12directory n. 电话簿；商行名录13innocent adj. 清白的；无罪的；天真的14dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的15straw n. 稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管16helicopter n. 直升机17triangle n. 三角形；三角形物体18court n. 法院；法庭；朝廷19competence n. 能力；胜任；本领20personnel n. 人力资源；人事部；全体人员(二)背重点单词写对才行1abrupt adj. 突然的；意外的2passive adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的3seize
3、vt. 抓住；捉住；夺4claim n. & vt. 要求；声称；主张5file n. 文件；档案；文件夹vt. 提交；将归档6ripe adj. 成熟的；熟的7dial vt. 拨(电话)8bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担9tap vt.&vi. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲n. 轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头10current n. (水或气)流；电流adj. 现在的；当前的11stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的(三)背拓展单词用准才行1distinguish vi.& vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的2mercy n宽恕；仁慈merci
4、ful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的merciless adj.残忍的；无情的3produce v生产product n产品producer n生产者；制片人production n生产；产生4convenience n方便；便利convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的conveniently adv.方便地；便利地inconvenient adj.不便的；打扰人的5expect v预料；期待；期望；认为expectation n预料；期待；期望6recognize vt.认出；承认recognition n认出；认可；承认7freeze v(使)冰冻freezing adj.冰
5、冻的；严寒的frozen adj.冻结的；冷冻的 8occasion n时机；机会；场合occasional adj.偶然的 occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地9practice n实践；练习practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的impractical adj.不切实际的；不现实的；无用的10associate vt.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴association n联盟；联系语境活用1You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient, that is, at his convenience. His house is
6、conveniently near the bus stop. (convenient)2In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isnt any association between them. (associate)3He is such a merciful man and always has mercy on those homeless animals but sometimes he can be merciless t
7、o those he doesnt like.(mercy) 4The dog wagged its tail in expectation of a bone but was expected to go out. (expect)5It is freezing outside now, and more snow is falling on already frozen streets. (freeze)6This is my occasional visit to the theme park, in which I occasionally meet the cartoon chara
8、cters I like most. (occasion)7Although there are many practical difficulties in learning oral English, you must keep practicing speaking every day. (practice)(四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1distinguish vt.& vi.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别背词条用法(1)distinguish between A and B 区分A和Bdistinguish . from . 把与区分开来distinguish on
9、eself as 作为而出名(2)be distinguished for . 因而出名be distinguished as . 作为而出名背写作佳句(2019北京高考书面表达)Beijing distinguishes itself as the capital of China, which has many places of interest.北京作为中国的首都而闻名，有许多名胜古迹。Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and w
10、rong.读好书不仅丰富我们的知识，也教会我们辨别是非。2seize vt. 捉住；抓住；夺；占领 背词条用法seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的手臂seize on/upon sth. 抓住(可利用的事物)seize an opportunity/a chance/the moment 抓住机会/时机背写作佳句(2020新高考全国卷写作)All students in Senior 3 seized the opportunity to take part in the running race to improve their physical health.所有高三同学都
11、抓住这次机会参加跑步比赛，改善身体状况。Id like to seize on my teachers suggestions and begin to study English in the practical way.我愿意接受老师的建议，开始采用这一实用的办法学习英语。3bear vt.(bore, borne) 忍受；忍耐；负担；承担；支撑；生育；结果实；携带背词条用法bear doing/to do sth.忍受做某事bear sb./sb.s doing sth. 忍受某人做某事bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事bear/keep in mind that .
12、 记住背写作佳句We must always bear in mind that“No pains, no gains”我们必须牢记“不劳无获”。Obviously, we should bear in mind as students, what we are supposed to do first.很显然，我们应该牢记，作为学生，我们首要任务是什么。4associate vt. 联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴背词条用法(1)associate . with . 使与联系起来associate with sb. 与某人交往/联系(2)be associated with 与有关(3)in ass
13、ociation with 与联合/有关联背写作佳句We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.我们正与当地一家公司合作，为无家可归者募捐资金。If you associate with positivethinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success.如果你与正能量的人交往，你一定会取得成功。(五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1call up给打电话；使想起2now and th
14、en 偶尔；有时3dive into 一心投入；迅速把手伸入4ring off 挂断电话5hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住6set about 开始；着手7set out (to do) 开始(做)8out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障9get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)； (设法)做完；通过；度过10ring back 回复电话重点短语拓展用活1. call up 给打电话；使想起背相关短语call off取消；停止call for 要求；呼吁；需要；去接(某人)call at 拜访(某地)call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召；需求背写作佳句A week
15、 before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling on/upon us to join in the activity for a greener earth.在地球日前一周，在我们学校各处张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入到这个“让地球变得更绿”的活动中来。As is known to us all, success calls for hard work in school.众所周知，成功需要学业上的努力。2get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽背相关短语get (sth
16、.) across (to sb.) 使(某事)被(某人)理解get along with sb. 与某人相处；进展get away with sth. 携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚get down to (doing) sth. 开始做某事；认真处理某事get over 熬过；克服(困难)；从中恢复过来背写作佳句A smile can help us get through difficult situation and find friends in a world of strangers.一个微笑可以帮助我们度过困境，并在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。(2019全国卷书面表达)As an ou
17、tgoing boy, I get along well with almost everyone around. 作为一个外向的男孩，我几乎与我身边的每个人都相处得很好。Our new English teacher is always able to get the meanings across to us students.我们新来的英语老师总是能够向我们清楚地表达意思。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible appro
18、aches .(过去分词短语作状语/定语等)我准备了几个研究结果，我决定采用三种可能的方法佳句(2020新高考全国卷写作)On the way, tired out and falling behind, some students kept running until the finishing line.在途中，尽管筋疲力尽，落后于他人，一些同学仍坚持跑到了终点。佳句(2020新高考全国卷写作)The basket was full of paper bags filled with popcorn.篮子里装满纸袋，满是爆米花。2But once picked up, they tried
19、 to bite me.(状语从句的省略)但是一旦抓起来，它们就要咬我。佳句Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.在家长的陪同下，孩子们才允许进入体育馆。佳句(2020全国卷书面表达)Whenever asked for help, my English teacher always gives me a hand patiently.每当求助时，我的英语老师总是耐心地给予我帮助。佳句Anyone, once tested positive for COVID19, will
20、receive free medical treatment from our government.任何人，一旦被检测出新冠肺炎呈阳性，将得到政府的免费治疗。3Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.(祈使句and陈述句If . 主句)跟着它，探索它周围的一切，不知不觉中，你会发现某些值得考虑的事情将会占据你的头脑。佳句Insist on trying and sooner or l
21、ater you are sure to succeed.坚持尝试，你早晚会成功的。佳句Listen to English radio or English songs every day and you will improve your English greatly.每天收听英语广播或英语歌曲，你的英语会有很大的进步。同主题佳句熟读成诵1Distinguished for its diligence and wisdom, the Chinese nation has attracted the attention from all over the world.中国人民以勤劳和智慧著称
22、，已经引起全世界的关注。2The invention of printing is generally acknowledged to be one of the defining inventions for the advancement of civilization.印刷术的发明被公认为是文明进步的决定性发明之一。3It is constant invention and innovation that will keep our society moving forward.正是不断的发明和创新，我们的社会才会不停地向前发展。(二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点日记(
23、二)题目要求假定你是李华，你所在的学校下学期计划组织多种社会实践活动(social practice activity)。提供的社会实践岗位包括在地铁站做引导，在医院协助接待咨询，在辅读学校(special education school)担任助教等。请就此写一篇日记。你的日记必须包括：1你选择的岗位和理由；2该岗位会带来的挑战和收获。注意：1词数100左右；2开头已给出，不计入总词数。Tuesday, June 15thSunny 背范文Tuesday, June 15thSunnyNowadays, social practice has been brought to great co
24、ncern among students increasingly. Our school is planning on some social practice activities next term. We are encouraged to participate in them.Among these activities, Id like to be a volunteering teacher in special education school. There is no doubt that I can benefit a lot from it. First, it can
25、 provide me with more chances to be with children and learn more about them. Second, it is a good chance for me to apply my theory knowledge to practice and improve my ability. Third, I can enjoy the happiness of work and realize my value.Im looking forward to joining this activity. 学亮点1学高级表达(1)使用高级
26、词汇和语块，如：be encouraged to, participate in, apply ones theory knowledge to practice等。(2)准确运用复杂句式结构，如：There is no doubt that .句型；it作形式主语it is a good chance for me to apply .等，体现了考生过硬的语言功底与灵活的语言运用能力。2学精彩结尾结尾使用Im looking forward to joining this activity.表达了对参加社会实践活动的期待。3学过渡衔接考生恰当使用了first, second, third等衔
27、接词使文章富有条理性，语意连贯，上下文衔接自然。4防微点失分考生容易把“First, it can provide me with more chances to be with children .”中的with漏掉，或把“Second, it is a good chance for me to apply my theory knowledge to practice .”中的practice前的to因固定搭配掌握不牢而误用成with，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1.The students sat at the desks in e
28、xpectation (期待，期望) of the new teacher.2It is convenient (方便的；便利的) for us to travel now, with so many kinds of transport. 3Learning at middle school should never be only passive (消极的；被动的) acceptance.4The rainfall (降雨) in this dry area is only 10cm a year.5In my opinion, we should be cautious (小心的；谨慎的
29、) about our phone numbers and addresses.6The freezing (冷冻的) point of water is generally 0.7Autumn is the season when all kinds of fruits are ripe (成熟的)8A stable (稳定的；安定的) government is necessary for people to live a peaceful life.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1An abrupt end at class can easily draw students attent
30、ion.突然的2Gun powder is one of the four ancient Chinese inventions. 粉末；火药3The old couple are happy to see children playing in their back courtyard. 院子；庭院4When you have got a patent, your invention is really officially acknowledged.专利证书5Have you got a case for your files, which are always laid on the t
31、able？ 文件；档案6The leader has great and wise competence in solving problems. 能力；本领7(熟词生义)The old tree of 1,000 years bears hundreds of kilograms of fruits every year. 生产；结果实8(熟词生义)The little girl in our class is as innocent as a newborn baby.单纯的；天真无邪的.单句语法填空1We could hear a woman singing merrily (merry
32、) in the next room.2.As a middle school student, you should keep a dictionary on your desk for convenience (convenient)3The ship was out of order and was at the mercy (merciful) of the storm.4The hot climate in Chengdu is not bearable (bear), especially this summer.5It is an interesting idea but the
33、re are many practical (practice) difficulties.6.I felt someone tapping me on the shoulder when I took a walk in the park.名师点拨“一站清”(1)convenient：作表语时，其主语常使用“事”作主语，且用it代替，不用于人作主语，“阁下方便时”应说成：If it is convenient for you to .(2)tap v轻打；轻拍；轻敲。轻打某人某部位要采用tap sb.in/onthe 身体部位，不可使用tap ones身体部位。重点练深化高频考点1disti
34、nguish明其义vt.& vi.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别通其用(1)单句语法填空Zhong Nanshan is distinguished (distinguish) for his devotion to his medical career.The girl in our class distinguished herself (she) as a top student in every subject.(2)句式升级He distinguished himself as a skilled basketball player and is loved by all his fa
35、ns.Distinguished as a skilled basketball player, he is loved by all his fans.(过去分词短语作状语)His ability to make a speech distinguishes him from other clerks.It is his ability to make a speech that distinguishes him from other clerks.(改为强调句)解其困(1)distinguish oneself as表示“作为而出名”。(2)distinguished为其形容词形式，表示
36、“著名的；卓越的，杰出的”，类似词语有：devoted 忠心的；献身的。2bear明其义vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；承担；支撑；生育；结果实；携带通其用(1)写出下列各句中bear的含义Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？负担；承担She couldnt bear the thought of leaving her parents.忍受She did bear a healthy baby in hospital yesterday.生育Some of the newlyplanted apple trees have also begun
37、 to bear.结果实(2)补全句子As a teacher, I bear the responsibility of teaching and educating people.作为老师，我承担着教书育人的责任。Please bear in mind that hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.请记住努力工作会得到回报。我们应该尽力通过学习来提升自己，并为将来做好准备。解其困bear的过去式为bore；
38、过去分词为borne；其形容词形式为born。3associate明其义vt.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴通其用(1)单句语法填空(2020全国卷)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.(2020江苏高考)Every party needs a straight person. Youll appear fun and funny by association (associate)(2)写出加黑词的含义The Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) will or
39、ganize a nationwide basketball match.协会People always associate the Great Wall with China.把同联系在一起解其困(1)associate作及物动词表示“把联系起来，联想到”，常与with连用，与link . with . 和relate . with/to表示相同的意义。(2)associated adj.表示“联合的，有关联的，”常用于be associated with“和 有关系/联系”，与be linked with 和be related with/to 表示相同的意义。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活
40、用强化关键能力词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空get through， call up， now and then， set about， ring back， out of order， set out， be associated with1Ill ring back as soon as I find out anything.2He will set out on a journey early next morning.3.The lazy boy comes to school late now and then, which makes the teacher angry.4T
41、he engines of the ship were out of order and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew at sea.5As soon as they got to school, they set about reading aloud.6Deng Xiaoping is always associated with the reform and opening policies in China.7There hang several phones on the wall for students
42、 to call up at any time for free.8They are looking forward to my giving a hand to them and they hope to get through the exam successfully.“偶尔；有时”全接触now and then now and againfrom time to time at timesonce in a while on occasion名师点拨“一站清”.易错对对碰辨析比较1call for VS call up比较 My friend has been promoted, wh
43、ich calls for a celebration. The scene of the film called up my memories of childhood.辨清(1)call for表示“需要，需求”与require，demand和need同义，为及物动词。(2)call up 表示“给打电话；想起某事物”；常用于call sb. up，主语为人；call sth. up的主语常是物/事。2set out VS set off VS set about比较They succeeded in what they set out to do.If we want to catch
44、the train, wed better set out/set off for the station.The American government must set about finding solutions to the problem.Be careful when setting off the fireworks.辨清(1)set out和set off表示“出发，启程”时，意义相同。set off还有“引爆，点燃”之意；set out (to do)还具有“开始做/干”之意。(2)set out 和set about都有“开始，着手”之意，但用法略有不同；set out后
45、要跟to do；set about 后要跟doing。3pick up VS pick out比较She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.She picked up some French when she lived in Paris.After a few days rest, your health will pick up.辨清(1)pick out只作及物动词，表示“挑选出；辨认出”。(2)pick up作及物动词，表示“捡起；接(某人)；偶然学得”；作不及物动词，表示“好转或改善”。.多义比比看一词多义
46、(写出下列各句中get through的含义)My new secretary is very quick. She got through a lot of work in one morning.(设法)做完I couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.设法联系上Luckily, the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through.通过The little boy got through
47、 all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more. 用完句式的验收盘点祈使句and陈述句通其用补全句子Follow your doctors advice, and you will get better soon.遵循医生的建议，你很快就会好的。Dont leave your bike here, or you will be fined.不要把你的自行车放在这里，否则你会被罚款的。A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scient
48、ist.要是早来几分钟的话，我就能见到那位著名科学家了。解其困(1)祈使句and陈述句If .主句(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句If . not .主句(3)名词词组and陈述句学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2018天津高考阅读理解C篇对接课标主题：科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)1Theres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development
49、has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there.Food production2With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. it takes years of experience, but a printer m
50、akes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3Dprinted, rather than farm to table.Sustainability (可持续性)3The global popu
51、lation is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could
52、use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and stora
53、ge requirements.Nutrition4Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from th
54、e supermarket, youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”Challenges5Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time
55、consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for
56、fast food restaurants than homes and highend restaurants.,析微点厚积语言基础微积累词海拾贝frontier n前沿；边界词源：front n. 前面adj. 前面的adv. 在前面微语法句子(1)not与everybody连用，构成部分否定句。句意：并非所有人可以做到。微积累熟词生义：servev服务；可用作(熟义)v(给客人)提供，端上(生义)serve as可用作微积累重难词汇current adj. 流通的；最近的current situation 现状，目前形势构词法形容词后缀able“能的”renewable adj. 可再生
57、的；可更新的movable adj. 可移动的changeable adj. 可变化的adaptable adj. 可适应的微技法概括文章主旨的方法：先看首尾段或各段开头，再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括；文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。微积累restrictrestrict vt. 限制；限定be restricted to 仅限于；局限于理脉络内化读文规律解析真题感悟素养立意考什么怎么考真题再做46What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?AIt helps
58、cooks to create new dishes.BIt saves time and effort in cooking.CIt improves the cooking conditions.DIt contributes to restaurant decorations.解析：选B推理判断题。根据Food production标题下的第二句“it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy”可知，利用3D打印机打印食物省时省力，故答案为B。47What can we learn about 3D food print
59、ing from Paragraph 3?AIt solves food shortages easily.BIt quickens the transportation of food.CIt needs no space for the storage of food.DIt uses renewable materials as sources of food.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like alga
60、e (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料)”可知，3D打印机可以使用可再生的原料作为食物来源。故选D。48According to Paragraph 4, 3Dprinted food .Ais more available to consumersBcan meet individual nutritional needsCis more tasty than food in supermarketsDcan keep all the nutrition in raw materials解析：选B推理判断题。根据第
61、四段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”可知，3D打印机打印食物可以满足个人的营养需求，故答案为B。49What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?AThe printing process is complicated.B3D food printers are too expensive.CFood mater
62、ials have to be dry.DSome experts doubt 3D food printing.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients”可知，选项C正确。50What could be the best title of the passage?A3D Food Printing: Delicious New TechnologyBA New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingCThe
63、 Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table解析：选A标题归纳题。本文介绍了3D食物打印机的相关信息，谈到其发展现状，它使用的原料有利于食物的可持续发展，人们可以根据自己的营养需求来私人定制食物，但是其发展也受到某些限制。故应选A项“3D食物打印：美味的新技术”。为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第50题主要考查学生的概括性思维。文章介绍了3D打印技术的新发展打印食物，并围绕这个主题介绍了这一应用技术的优点，也提及了它面临的挑战。概括分析文章各段内容可知答案应为A项“3D食物打印：美味的
64、新科技”。本文中没有提到B项“改善3D食物打印的新办法”；C项是本文的一部分内容，D项的“3D食物打印：从农场走向餐桌”不符合文章的内容。学生在做此类题目时，应从宏观着手，全面综合考虑文章的内容，而不能只看局部忽略了整体。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了3D食物打印机的相关信息，旨在引领学生了解与生活息息相关的科技发明成果，关注科技发展形势，让学生意识到掌握科学技术对建设繁荣中国的重要性。当前，以信息科学、信息技术为主要标志的世界科技革命正在形成新的高潮，“知识经济”已经进入人类文明发展的历史进程当中，科学技术实力成为衡量国家综合国力强弱的重要标志。借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填
65、空1He firmly believes that education and a countrys economic development (develop) are key factors to progress.2The situation is more complicated (complicate) than we had expected.3There are good opportunities for advancement (advance) if you have the right skills.4He has carried out a research into
66、renewable (renew) energy sources.5Currently (current), over 500 students are enrolled on the course.补全句子1All the students are not/Not all the students are (并非所有学生) good at English.2. The policy is restricted to (仅限于) help the developing countries.3The sofa will serve as (充当) a bed for a night or two
67、.分析长难句Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale.句式解构本句是含有一个定语从句的主从复合句。句子主语是Recent development，谓语动词是has made。其中that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词machines，在从句中作主语。句意翻译最新的发展使可用于大规模打印、烹制和供应食品的机器出现了。.主题语境写作请你就科技发展的利弊写一篇小短文，发表一下自己的观点。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：W
68、ith the development of science and technology, peoples lives have been greatly changed. There is no doubt that we benefit a lot in many different ways.For instance, the invention of computers dramatically increases efficiency and helps complete many difficult tasks. However, just like a doubleedged
69、sword，technology can cause problems too. It is known to all that the nuclear power can be developed into a deadly weapon. As a matter of fact, many improvements in technology have done great harm to our environment.Therefore, how to deal with the progress of technology properly is worth our careful
70、consideration.课下主题训练科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)sciencescientistscientific analyse invent create creative creativity register advantage simplify equip conclude research accurate download replace function contribution digital (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)simplify，conclude，r
71、egister，function，digital，analyse，scientific，advantage, replace, equip1He spent hours analysing the situation closely.2From the results of the experiments they concluded that this kind of liquid will never mix with water.3Drugs can lead to disorders (紊乱) in the brains function.4The young man is well
72、equipped with a good education for a challenging job.5He is all wrapped up in his scientific studies.6This kind of digital cameras can capture a clearer picture than other kinds.7When I got there, I found many people lining to register for the voluntary work.8He replaced the picture with a photo of
73、a film star.单句语法填空1No conclusion (conclude) should be drawn before all the facts are clarified.2To simplify (simplify) the problem, the teacher showed an interesting experiment to the students.3I appreciate creativity (creative) and imagination, which can inspire one to invent.4They have arrived at
74、a solution via scientific (science) investigation.5In terms of technology, this is the most advanced equipment (equip) ever made in the world.6Check your work to ensure its accuracy (accurate)7Any advanced technology will bring first advantages (advantage)8Qian Xuesen will always be remembered for h
75、is contributions (contribute) to the motherland.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解The inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim BernersLee, has won an important award which comes with a prize bag of one million euros (671,000). The “Father of the Web” was named as the first winner of the Millennium Technology Prize by the Fi
76、nnish Technology Award Foundation. He said he had just been “in the right place at the right time” and did not want his photo taken.In 1991, he came up with a system to organize, connect and browse (浏览) Net pages which completely changed the Internet. The British scientist was knighted (封爵士) for his
77、 pioneering work in 2003.Sir Tim created his program while he was at the particle physics institute (粒子物理研究院), Cern, in Geneva. The computer code he came up with let scientists easily share research findings across a computer network. In the early 1990s, it was called the “World Wide Web”， and is st
78、ill the basis of the web as we know it.The famous man never went on to commercialize his work. Instead he worked on spreading the use of the Net as a channel (渠道) for free expression and cooperation.“The web is encouraging new types of social networks and opening up new ways for information manageme
79、nt and business development. The web has obviously improved many peoples ability to obtain information central to their lives，” said Pekka Tarjanne, chairman of the Millennium Technology Prize award committee.Just under 80 people from 22 countries were nominated (提名) for the prize for their work in
80、the areas of health, communication, new materials and the environment.The Millennium Technology Prize was set up by the Finnish Technology Award Foundation, an independent body backed by the public and private money which aims to recognize outstanding creations.Sir Tim currently heads up the World W
81、ide Web Consortium (W3C) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston, where he is now based as an academic.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了万维网发明人蒂姆伯纳斯李获得千年技术奖的情况。1What can be learned from the first paragraph?ABernersLee was the first to receive the Prize.BBernersLees sense of timing led to his success
82、.CBernersLee was the one who invented the Internet.DBernersLee was awarded one million pounds.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知伯纳斯李是获得千年技术奖的第一人。2Which of the following best describes Tim BernersLee?AOptimistic.BModest.CHumorous. DCareful.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知伯纳斯李是一个谦虚的人。3What is BernersLees purpose in inventin
83、g the World Wide Web?ATo enable more people to use the Net.BTo win more honors and prizes.CTo earn more money to better his life.DTo set up a company himself.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，伯纳斯李没有把自己的发明变成自己谋求利益的工具，而是致力于让人们更加广泛地使用互联网。4What would be the best title for the text?AThe Millennium Technology PrizeBTh
84、e History of the InternetCThe World Wide WebDAn Honor for the Webs Inventor解析：选D标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了互联网之父伯纳斯李获得的“千年技术奖”。文章包含两方面的内容：一个是他的发明，第二个是因为该发明获得的新荣誉，故选项D最能概括全文的内容。.语法填空A 14yearold Chinese boy overcame two of humankinds most dreaded fears getting stuck in an elevator and getting homework 1 (do) in a s
85、ingle night, owing to his calmwitted character.Sun Yixiao was on his way up on Tuesday evening after school 2 the lift suddenly came to a stop. A moment of panic followed before the 3 (teenage) could find a way out.Sun said he tried to open the elevator door, 4 (press) all the buttons in the hope to
86、 get the elevator to work again, but it didnt work.Without a cell phone at hand, Sun tried yelling to get the attention of people outside, but no one responded as time passed by. He slipped a note through the door 5 the message “people stuck inside, please ask the property management for help”， and
87、hoped someone 6 (pick) it up and act on it.After exhausting all his options without knowing how long 7 would take before someone found him, he took out his textbooks and started to do his homework 8 (patient)Soon after he finished his duties, Sun heard loud 9 (voice) outside. A large crowd including
88、 his teachers and other parents had come to the rescue, by which time he 10 (trap) in the elevator for over five hours.语篇解读：本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一位14岁的学霸被困电梯5小时，淡定写完家庭作业的故事。1done考查非谓语动词。homework与do构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。2when考查连词。句意：在周二傍晚放学后，孙轶潇乘坐电梯回家，这时电梯突然停了下来。根据句意可知此处是when引导的时间状语从句，意为“正在做某事，这时候”。3teenager考查名
89、词。根据语境可知此处用teenager。4pressing考查非谓语动词。主语he与press构成主动关系，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。5with考查介词。此处表示纸条上面写着“有人被困在电梯内，请叫物业来帮忙”。6would/could pick考查动词的时态。此处表示他希望有人会捡到纸条并来救他。故填would/could pick。7it考查代词。此处为“It would/willbe/take时间段before .”结构。8patiently考查副词。此处表示耐心地做作业。修饰动词do使用副词patiently。9voices考查名词复数。voice作“噪音，说话声”时为可数名词，故用其
90、复数形式。10had been trapped考查动词的时态和语态。句意：包括老师和其他父母在内的一大群人来营救，而到此时他已经被困在电梯里五个多小时了。根据句意可知此处用过去完成时态的被动语态，故填had been trapped。.短文改错There is no doubt that we have benefit a lot from the Internet in our everyday life. We can read news, watch films, keep in the touch with our relatives, make friends, or play ga
91、mes to get relaxing on the Internet.But every coin has two side. The Internet also has bad effects on people, especial on teenagers. Things such as violence and cheating, often appeared on the Internet seriously polluting their hearts and soul. As a result, children will gradually lose interest on t
92、heir studies.Now, its high time that the government took effectively measures. Some websites that disobey the rules should made public and closed up. Im sure you will have a better online environment soon so that the Internet can serve us better.答案：第一句：benefitbenefited第二句：去掉touch前的the; relaxingrelax
93、ed第三句：sidesides第四句：especialespecially第五句：appearedappear第六句：onin第七句：effectivelyeffective第八句：should后加be第九句：youwe.书面表达假定你是李华。北京2022年冬奥组委会正在招募志愿者，其职责为接待各国运动员及宣传中国文化，组委会要求志愿者能够熟练运用英语，请你用英文写一封申请信。内容包括：1.申请原因；2.你的优势；3.相关经历。注意：1词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Sir/Madam，I have learned that volunteers for Beiji
94、ng 2022 Winter Olympic Games are needed. Yours sincerely，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Sir/Madam，I have learned that volunteers for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games are needed. Im writing to apply for this position.As a native of Beijing, I think it is a privilege and duty for me to offer the best voluntary serv
95、ice to our foreign guests and meanwhile promote Chinese culture.I believe I am qualified for the job. With a good command of English, Im confident in giving players guidance and help as required. Whats more, I have an extensive knowledge of winter sports, which will prove helpful in communicating with players. In addition, I have been involved in several international exchange programmes, and enjoy spreading our culture to foreigners.I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your time and consideration.Yours sincerely，Li Hua