1、Unit 4 Pygmalion一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1plot n情节；阴谋2whistle vi. 吹口哨；发出汽笛声n. 口哨声；汽笛声3garment n. (一件)衣服(外套、裙、袍等)4wallet n. 皮夹；钱包5betray vt. 显露出(本来面目)；背叛6ambassador n. 大使；使节7authentic adj. 真实的；真正的可信的；可靠的8status n. 身份；地位；职位9antique adj. 古时的；(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的n. 文物；古董；古玩10stocking n. 长袜11co
2、okie n. 饼干12teapot n. 茶壶13cream n. 奶油；面霜14disk n. 磁盘15referee n. 裁判员；仲裁者16laundry n. 洗衣店；洗衣房；(待洗的或洗好的)衣服17waist n. 腰；腰部；腰围18alphabet n. 字母表(二)背重点单词写对才行1troublesome adj. 带来麻烦的；使人心烦的2outcome n. 结果；效果3brilliant adj. 光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的4upper adj. (位置或地位)较高的；级别较高的5extraordinary adj. 不同寻常的；非凡的6acquaintance n
3、. 相识；了解；熟人7handful n. 一把；少量8superior adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的n. 上级；长官9disapprove vt.&vi. 不赞成；反对；认为不好10shabby adj. 破旧的；寒酸的11overlook vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会12fade vi.&vt. (使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失(三)背拓展单词用准才行1adapt v(使)适应；改编adaptation n适应(性)；改编本2professor n教授profession n职业；专业professional adj.专业的n.专业人员3hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇hesitation
4、n犹豫；踌躇4comfort n& vt.安慰；宽慰comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的comfortably adv.舒服地；舒适地uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；不自在地5mistake n& v误会；错误mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的mistakenly adv.错误地6classify vt.把分类；把归类classification n分类；归类classified adj.(常作定语)分类的7remark n谈论；言论；评述 vt.&vi.谈论；评论；说起remarka
5、ble adj.非凡的；引人注目的；显著的8proper adj.适当的；合适的properly adv.适当地；恰当地9amaze vt.使吃惊amazing adj.令人吃惊的amazed adj.吃惊的amazement n惊讶；惊愕10fortune n机会；运气；大笔的钱fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地11music n音乐musical adj.音乐的；喜爱音乐的n.音乐喜剧musician n音乐家12effect n效果；影响effective adj.有效的语境活用1In the lecture, the professor said
6、that his profession is to cultivate more professionals for the country. (profession)2Dont hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation. (hesitate)3To my amazement, the amazing news amazes the family and their neighbors are also amazed. (amaze)4Three of his novels have been adapt
7、ed for TVs and this is a screen adaptation. (adapt)5Tom is often fortunate. Last year he went to Shanghai to try his fortune. Fortunately, he met his girlfriend and got married there. (fortune)6Yesterday an old woman mistook me for her daughter. That means I was mistaken for her daughter. In fact sh
8、e often makes the same mistake. (mistake) 7Mike likes music very much. There were many musical instruments in his room. When he was young, he wanted to be a famous musician. (music)8The books in the library are classified by subject and its classification is very convenient to the students and teach
9、ers. (classify)9Her house is modern and comfortably furnished, but she always feels slightly uncomfortable the moment she comes in. (comfortable)(四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇背词条用法(1)hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决(2)without hesitation 毫不犹豫地have
10、no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事背写作佳句Hearing the news, a few girls went to the teachers office without hesitation for the voluntary work.听到这个消息，几个女生毫不犹豫地跑到老师办公室申请志愿者工作。If you have questions, dont hesitate to ask us for help.如果你有问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。 At first, I hesitated about/in/at/over participati
11、ng in the English speech competition.起初，对于参加这次英语演讲比赛我犹豫不决。2remark n谈论；言论；评述vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起背词条用法(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 对发表评论/看法(2)remark on/upon 谈论/评论remark that . 评论说背写作佳句(2020全国卷书面表达)When I am down, it is our English teachers encouraging remarks that cheer me up.当我情绪低落时，是我们英语老师激励的话语使我振作起
12、来。Zhong Nanshan showed his remarkable competence in his job and great devotion to the people.钟南山在工作中显示出卓越的才能和对人民的忠诚。(2018全国卷书面表达)After the short film, each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to make remarks and express their views about the short film.短片结束后，每个班都
13、应进行讨论并且期望所有的学生都发表评论，表达他们对这部短片的看法。3acquaintance n相识；了解；熟人背词条用法(1)结识某人have acquaintance with sth. 对某事知道/了解(2)acquaint oneself with . 熟悉be/become acquainted with 熟悉背写作佳句It is a good chance for you to make the acquaintance of new people.这是你认识新朋友的好机会。There are many ways through which we can become acquai
14、nted with the outside world.我们可以通过许多途径认识外面的世界。4fortune n财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气背词条用法(1)seek/try ones fortune碰运气make a fortune 发财have the good fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事(2)be fortunate to do sth. 幸运做某事背写作佳句His business took off last year and soon made a great fortune.去年他的生意兴隆，并很快发了一大笔财。I was fortunate to come ac
15、ross my old friend in the street when I needed help.幸运的是在我需要帮助时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友。Fortunately, I was chosen as a torch carrier for the Olympic Games.幸运的是，我被选中作为奥运会的火炬手。(五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1fade out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡2deal with 处理；应付3in terms of 就来说；从角度4in need of 需要5make ones acquaintance 结识；与相见6gener
16、ally speaking 一般来说7once more 再一次8in disguise 伪装(的)；假扮(的)9pass .off as . (把某人)改变或冒充成10rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物11show .in/out 带或领进来/出去重点短语拓展用活1in terms of .就来说；从角度背相关短语in ones terms在某人看来in the long/short term 就长远/短期而言be on good/bad terms 关系良好/不好come to terms with 达成协议；和好；接受；适应背写作佳句In my opinion, ones su
17、ccess cannot always be measured in terms of money.依我看来，一个人的成功不能总是从钱的角度来衡量。The Chinese Government aims for world peace in the long term.中国政府争取长远的世界和平。2show .in带或领进来；对表现出背相关短语show . out 带或领出去show off 炫耀；卖弄show up 出现；来到某处show sb. around/round 领某人参观show . for sb. 向某人表示show .to sb. 给某人看show interest in 对
18、感兴趣背写作佳句Im delighted to show you around our hometown.我非常高兴领你参观我们的家乡。He promised to attend the meeting, but he hasnt shown up yet.他答应参加会议，但还未露面。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1Will that be of any use to you？(be of抽象名词)那会对你有用吗？佳句(2020全国卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scie
19、ntist .月球的背面尤其对科学家有吸引力佳句(2019浙江高考写作)Your guide and suggestions are of great help and I have made so great progress in English learning.你的指导和建议对我有很大的帮助，我在英语学习上取得了如此大的进步。2Id never have come if Id known about this disgusting thing you want me to do .(虚拟语气)要是知道你要我做这件令人厌恶的事，我是绝不会来的佳句If I had done it in t
20、ime, I should have had a good time.如果我及时做完的话，日子就好过多了。佳句Without your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。佳句But for the rain, we could have gone hiking yesterday.要不是因为下雨，我们昨天就能去远足了。同主题佳句熟读成诵1Peking Opera is popular in China with a history of more than 200 years,
21、dating back to the Qing Dynasty.京剧在中国很流行，有200多年的历史，始于清朝。2Peking Opera, known as Chinas national opera, is a combination of music, dance and art and is widely regarded as a full expression of Chinese culture.以中国的国粹而知名的京剧是音乐、舞蹈和艺术的集大成者，被普遍认为是中国文化的全面表达。3More and more people in China show a great intere
22、st in literature, which can enrich their life.越来越多的中国人对文学有浓厚的兴趣，它可以丰富他们的生活。(二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点网络发帖(一)题目要求假定你是李华，你在网站上看到英国留学生Terry发帖，希望找人辅导他学汉语，并且愿意教英语作为回报。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1表示愿意帮助他学汉语；2说明你能胜任辅导的理由；3提出你学习英语的具体需求。 注意：1词数100 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 背范文Dear Terry, Hi! My name is Li Hua, a Chinese middl
23、e school student. I learned from your post that you wanted to find a Chinese tutor and you can teach English in return. I am quite interested in it.I think Im fit for it. Firstly, Chinese is my mother tongue, and speaking it is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life. Secondly, I t
24、utored foreigners to learn Chinese last year. So Im quite confident that I can help you to master the language.In your post, you said that you are willing to teach English in return. It is just what I eagerly want. We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and h
25、alf an hour in Chinese. In this way, we can improve ourselves together.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学亮点1学谋篇布局2学亮丽开头开头先作了自我介绍，交代身份和写作背景，然后点明写信的目的愿意帮助他学习汉语。语意层层递进，顺畅自然。3学高级表达(1)使用高级语块，如：in return, be quite interested in, be fit for, in your post等，提高了作文的档次。(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：动名词短
26、语作主语speaking it；宾语从句that I can help you master the language；表语从句what I eagerly want等，为作文增色不少，也彰显了考生的语言功底。4学精彩结尾结尾使用了书信最常用的结束语Im looking forward to your reply.表达了对早日回复的期盼。表述简洁、实用。5学过渡衔接衔接词语firstly, and, secondly, so, in your post, in this way等的恰当运用，使得文章结构严谨，层层递进，读起来朗朗上口。6防微点失分考生容易把“I am quite interes
27、ted in it.”中的in漏掉，或在“It is just what I eagerly want.”中的want后误加to，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1Children like reading the adaptation (改编本) of The West Journey with pictures.2Professor (教授) Li is a kind and friendly man with a strong sense of humour.3He has learned to deal with all kinds o
28、f complicated situations properly (恰当地)4The old man is used to physics labour; he feels uncomfortable (不自在；不舒服) if he is idle.5My voice has got so low now that I was mistaken (误认为) for a man the other day on the phone.6Questions can help children learn to compare and classify(把分类) things.7She was co
29、ndemned (谴责) to lead a life of loneliness.8And in this work we must not overlook (忽视) the weakest among us.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1Mr Smith shows partiality (偏爱) to the less troublesome students.带来麻烦的；讨厌的2The outcome of their discussion is still unknown.结果3The test showed that he was a superior player.优秀的4I
30、 struck on that antique in a small shop in Shanghai.古董5He is a tramp in shabby old clothes.破旧的；寒酸的6(熟词生义)He is only a child, so we should overlook his mistake.容忍7(熟词生义)The young man was condemned and put into prison.判有罪8(熟词生义)An old man told me my fortune and charged me 1,000 yuan.前途；命运.单句语法填空1.(202
31、0全国卷)On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation (adapt)2Two thieves (thief) slipped into my house but were driven away by my pet dog.3(2020新高考全国卷)People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable (comfort)4The shop
32、keeper offered the poor boy a handful (hand) of candies.5Zhong Nanshan has made brilliant (brilliance) achievements in the disease prevention research.6.(2020江苏高考)Somehow, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat mistakenly (mistake) held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water.名师点拨“一站清”(1)ad
33、apt与adopt的区别：两词形近，只差一个字母，但意义相差甚大。adapt“调整；适应”；adopt “采纳；领养；收养”。adopt an idea采纳意见；adopt an orphan领养一个孤儿。adopt的名词形式为：adoption。(2)mistake作及物动词有两个意义：误解；弄错，后跟sth.，mistake ones meaning“误解某人的意思”。误将认作，如：I often mistake her for her twin sister.我常把她误认作她的孪生姐妹。重点练深化高频考点1hesitate明其义vi.犹豫；踌躇通其用(1)单句语法填空He still h
34、esitates about/over/at going abroad for further study.The shy girl often hesitates to ask (ask) for help when she is in trouble.(2)句式升级Please dont hesitate to write to me if you need help.Please have no hesitation in writing to me if you need help.He didnt hesitate to give the drowning boy first aid
35、.Without hesitation, he gave the drowning boy first aid.2remark明其义n谈论；言论；评述 vt.&vi.谈论；评论；说起通其用单句语法填空He once remarked that “All happy families resemble one another, but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.”As long as we listen, speak, read and write more, we are sure to make remarkable (rem
36、ark) progress!Its bad manners to remark on/upon their shortcomings in the absence of other people.3acquaintance明其义n相识；了解；熟人通其用(1)单句语法填空It was at that party that I first made the acquaintance of her.The party was a way for them to become acquainted (acquaint) with each other.I have some acquaintance
37、with Frenchmen, but I dont speak it fluently.(2)补全句子(2019全国卷书面表达)Im writing to ask to be a volunteer because I am very acquainted with Chinese paintings.我写信想做一名志愿者，因为我非常熟悉中国画。4fortune明其义n财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气通其用(1)单句语法填空Mike left home on a rainy night, determined never to come back before he could make a fo
38、rtune.He was fortunate to escape (escape) being hurt in the accident.(2)句式升级(升级)It was fortunate that he escaped being hurt in the accident.Fortunately, he escaped being hurt in the accident.解其困fortune作名词，意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；作“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用强化关键能力词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空pass . off as, fade out,
39、 in need of, in terms of, make ones acquaintance, generally speaking, show . in, once more1In an advertisement I know that your company is in need of a temporary interpreter.2They purchased pieces of old furniture and passed them off as valuable antiques.3He is a friendly and kind man and I am thank
40、ful for the opportunity to have made his acquaintance.4Please wait here and show the guests in when they dont know how to find the art show hall.5The music slowly faded out and someone began to speak.6.Generally speaking, when a child learns to read, he usually begins from ABC.7She expressed her wis
41、h to visit the attraction once more.8.It is difficult to express it in terms of science.名师点拨“一站清”(1)generally speaking一般来说，总的来说，为插入语，且由副词修饰speaking。类似短语有：honestly speaking (说实话)，frankly speaking(坦率地说)，strictly speaking(严格地说)，briefly speaking(概括地说)，roughly speaking (粗略地说)等。(2)in terms of 就来说；从角度，为固定短
42、语， 在使用中注意无冠词the，且term永远用复数形式“terms”，不论of 后是单数还是复数名词。.易错对对碰辨析比较1in terms of VS in the long term比较But in the long term, we need to invest in clean, renewable energy.In terms of money theyre quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.辨清(1)in terms of从角度；就来说(2)in the long termin the long run从长远看来2in need
43、 of VS in need比较The new school is in need of English teachers. Would you like to apply to the school？The old couple are always helping those in need, though they live a simple life.辨清(1)in need of .“需要”，为介词短语，其后要跟名词。(2)in need “需要，处于困难中”，为副词短语， 常作定语。句式的验收盘点be of抽象名词通其用补全句子The way that he had thought
44、 of to deal with the problem was of great importance (very important)他想出的处理这个问题的方法是非常重要的。His opinion is considered to be of great value (be very valuable)他的意见被认为很有价值。Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great importance/significance when we have conflicts with friends.当我们和朋友发生冲突的时候，换位思考是十分重要的。解其困“
45、be of抽象名词”结构，名词通常是use, importance，help, value, interest, benefit等，该结构相当于“be 名词所对应的形容词”，这类名词前可用no, some, any, little, much, great等对其进行修饰。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2018浙江高考阅读理解A篇对接课标主题：小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)1 published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a
46、 century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with s
47、omething like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.2In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their reade
48、rship and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.3How did Dickens get to the top？For all
49、 the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a halfdozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style
50、of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distingu
51、ished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one.,析微点厚积语言基础通句式句子(1)中the year作1812的同位语，there be句型中published作定语修饰novels。微点拨名词动用：daten日期；约会v确定年代构词法合成词猜测词义：根据两个词各自的含义就可以很容易猜测出所构成新词的含义。stea
52、mpowered: steam(汽)powered(由驱动的) steampowered adj.蒸汽驱动的微点拨注意文中的破折号：本文第二段中的破折号起解释说明的作用。破折号后的内容是对前文的解释。微积累熟词生义：namen名字 v给命名(熟义)v说出的名称；叫出的名字(生义)微积累常用短语识记all walks of life各行各业；各界通句式句子(2)中what 引导宾语从句。其中“made Dickens such a distinguished writer”为make宾语宾语补足语(名词)的结构，意为“使成为”。理脉络内化读文规律解析真题感悟素养立意考什么怎么考真题再做21Whi
53、ch of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?AThey were difficult to understand.BThey were popular among the rich.CThey were seen as nearly worthless.DThey were written mostly by women.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，在18世纪，印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。故选C项。22Dicken
54、s is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress .Ahis reputation in FranceBhis interest in modern artChis success in publicationDhis importance in literature解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售蒙娜丽莎的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性，由此可推知D项正确。23What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo
55、remember a great writer.BTo introduce an English novel.CTo encourage studies on culture.DTo promote values of the Victorian age.解析：选A写作意图题。根据文中对查尔斯狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和本文最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯狄更斯这位伟大的作家。为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第23题主要考查学生的概括性思维。本文通过介绍英语文学史上的泰斗狄更斯的贡献及其历史地位，以此纪念这位文
56、学泰斗。一些考生由于缺乏概括性思维，凭断章取义的思维而往往错选。B、C、D三项以偏概全，B项“介绍一本英语小说”、C项“鼓励研究文学”以及D项“倡导维多利亚时代的价值观”，这三项都不是作者写作本文的目的。考生要在平时学习中注意概括性思维品质的锻炼，不要以偏概全或断章取义。二、聚焦核心价值本文介绍了狄更斯在英国文学中的地位以及他是如何获此殊荣的，以此来纪念这位伟大作家。该篇综合考查了考生在“语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力”四个方面的能力。“文化为先”便是本文的一大特点，旨在引导学生分析和鉴赏文学的能力，提高文学素养，从而继承和弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化和文学遗产。中国作为四大文明古国之一，
57、文学方面创造了许多成就，尤其是中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，更加激励学生继承和发扬中国传统文化。借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1You need a complete change, both professionally (profession) and personally.2He works for a company that publishes (publish) reference books.3He was casually (casual) dressed in jeans and a Tshirt.4Chris feels that her ambitious (amb
58、ition) nature made her unsuitable for the job.5He was the most distinguished (distinguish) scholar in this field.补全句子1He is so outgoing that he has friends from all walks of life (各行各业的)2His determination and consideration made him a good leader (使他成为好领导) in the team.3Can you name all the students (
59、说出所有学生的名字) in your class?.分析长难句In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as mora
60、l touchstones.句式解构本句是含有一个时间状语从句和两个定语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是the world，谓语动词是mourned。其中when引导时间状语从句；who和whose分别引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词first professional writer and publisher。句意翻译1870年，当狄更斯去世的时候，全世界都沉痛悼念这个世界上第一位专业作家和出版商，他声名远扬而受人爱戴，他使小说的出版数量和读者人数急剧增加，他小说中的主人公从奥利弗特维斯特到小蒂姆都被认为是道德的试金石。.主题语境写作你特别喜欢作家查尔斯狄更斯的作品，尤其是雾都孤儿(Oli
61、ver Twist)，你被故事里面的故事情节和主人公深深吸引以至于把自己幻想成故事的主人公。请你就此情景写一篇小短文。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：I am very fond of Charles Dickens works，especially Oliver Twist. One day, I read the book, I was so absorbed in it that I even forgot to have meals.I was moved by the stories and the little poor boy in the bo
62、ok, and at the same time, I experienced the kindness and the persistence of the little boy，which inspired me a lot. I even imagined I was the little boy who lived a hard life but with the help of the kind people, I found my happiness in the end.课下主题训练小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词
63、汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)playwrightversionscene script backstage character comedy curtain tragedy ending masterpiece novel fiction plot role classic climax episode works original (二)主题词汇训练.写出下列各句中加黑词的汉语意思1(2020浙江7月高考)Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright hopes to get across through d
64、ialogue and action.剧作家2(2020浙江7月高考)A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.人物；角色3What made me impressed deeply of the film was its surprising ending. 结局4(2020全国卷) . the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyones day. 场景；片段5(2020全国卷
65、)The artist was sure he would be chosen, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed. 杰作；代表作6(2020全国卷)Published in 1964, its his classic memoir (回忆录) of 1920s Paris.经典的；古典的7Is his story a fact or a fiction? It is unbelievable. (虚构)小说8Which role will the
66、film star play in the film？角色.选词填空(有两词多余)version， comedy， novel， plot， original， works， scene， curtain， backstage， tragedy1.The writer often goes deep among the masses (群众) and has turned out good works.2The curtain fell to the loud applause of the audience and the short play ended.3The TV series is
67、 adapted from a novel of the same name.4I read the book in translation, not in the original English.5The children succeeded in playing out the comedy, causing us a lot of laughter.6There are two versions of the game, a long one and a short one.7The director created a mysterious plot of the opera, wh
68、ere many soldiers disappeared without any warning.8Tragedy struck the family when their son was hit by a car and killed.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解The work of Rosenthal and Jacobson shows that teachers expectations influence students performance. Positive expectations influence performance positively, and negati
69、ve expectations influence performance negatively. Rosenthal and Jacobson originally described the phenomenon as the Pygmalion effect. Rosenthal wrote in 1985, “When we expect certain behaviors of others, we are likely to act in ways that make the expected behavior more likely to occur.”The original
70、research of Rosenthal and Jacobson focused on an experiment at an elementary school where students took intelligence pretests. Rosenthal and Jacobson then informed the teachers of the names of 20% of the students in the school who were showing “unusual potential for intellectual growth” and would ha
71、ve excellent academic performance within the year. Unknown to the teachers, these students were selected randomly (随意地) with no relation to the pretest.When Rosenthal and Jacobson tested the students eight months later, they discovered that the randomly selected students who the teachers thought wou
72、ld perform excellently scored much higher. Why does the Pygmalion effect occur? If the teacher thinks the students cant achieve very much, or are not bright enough, he/she may tend to teach simple stuff, do lots of drills, read from his/her notes, and give simple assignments calling for simplistic a
73、nswers, according to scientists.Therefore, there are some practical tips for teachers: Never forecast failure in the classroom. If you know a test is particularly difficult, tell your students that the test is difficult but you are sure that they will do well if they work hard to prepare for it. Do
74、not participate in gripe (发牢骚) sessions about students. Teachers who gripe about students are establishing a culture of failure for their students, their department and their own teaching. Establish high expectations. Students achieve more when teachers have higher expectations. When you give studen
75、ts a difficult assignment, tell them, “I know you can do this.” If you genuinely believe that your students cannot perform the assignment, put off the assignment and reteach the material. 语篇解读：美国著名心理学家罗森塔尔和雅格布森提出了皮格马利翁效应，指出热切的期望与赞美能够产生奇迹。这一效应对教学会产生怎样的影响呢？ 1How did Rosenthal and Jacobson conduct thei
76、r experiment?AThey trained the selected students before experimenting.BThey selected the students without referring to the test results.CThey gave pretests in order to divide students into different groups.DThey selected students according to the students academic performance.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，
77、这些“有潜力的”学生是他们随意挑选的，同前期测试的结果毫无关系。2How do the teachers teach less potential students according to the scientists?AThey praise them all the time.BThey spare no efforts to help them.CThey are likely to give them easy homework.DThey ask them to practice more to catch up with others.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知
78、，老师对于基础薄弱的学生会倾向于给他们教授简单的知识，布置简单的任务。3What is the best title of this passage?ANo Pains, No GainsBTesting Matters in EducationCHow to Be a Qualified TeacherDThe Higher Expectations, the Better Achievements解析：选D标题归纳题。根据第一段的内容尤其是第二句可知，热切的期望与赞美能够产生奇迹。根据全文大意，本文标题可归纳概括为“更高的期望可产生更好的结果”。.完形填空I will never forg
79、et one summer in my childhood. While walking in the attic (阁楼), I stepped on something and 1 down, with my hand landing on a floorboard that popped up and almost hit my head. When I 2 and looked inside the open space, I could not believe my eyes: There was gold in there! I 3 a handful of shining gol
80、d cubes, ran to the bottom stair and 4 ， “Mama, I found gold up there under the floor！”Back up the stairs I dashed, 5 my brothers almost knocked me down as they ran right by me. When Mama opened the door and 6 her head in, she 7 said, “Honey, thats insulation (隔热材料). Now put it all back.”I felt real
81、ly disappointed. I had thought I made a real 8 .When I 9 inside to put the fake gold back, my hand touched what felt like a book. I pulled it out. It was old and small: Bartletts Familiar Quotations, which Id never heard of. And 10 I was bored, I decided to see what was inside this little book. To m
82、y 11 ， it was a book of passages, phrases and proverbs, and I could tell that this was going to be 12 .So I spent quite much time on it and found 13 in these pages. As I didnt know how to express things clearly, I often 14 to talk about them. This book helped me 15 that I didnt need to feel ashamed
83、or 16 ， because other people had similar experiences.When I went to college, Bartletts Familiar Quotations came with me. Over the years, Ive kept my original 17 ， which to this day I often 18 . Although it was a 19 to find the book, it liberated me in a way. It helped me see more than my young mind
84、and heart were able to understand.The book discovered under those floorboards was, 20 ， gold.语篇解读：作者童年时期在阁楼意外发现了Bartletts Familiar Quotations这本书，被其中的内容吸引，并且收获良多。1A.slowedBcalmedClooked Dfell解析：选D根据上文中的“I stepped on something”及下文中的“with my hand landing on a floorboard”可推知，作者踩住了某个东西“摔倒”了。fall意为“跌倒”，符合
85、语境。2A.bent over Bshowed upClay down Dbroke in解析：选A根据上文可知，地板翘了起来(差点打到头)，于是作者“俯下身”去看，发现地板下面有金子。bend over意为“俯身”，符合语境。show up“出现”；lie down“躺下”；break in“强行进入，打断”。3A.stole BproducedCseized Dhid解析：选C根据下文中的“handful”以及“to put the fake gold back”可推知，作者当时“抓”了一把金块，朝楼下跑去，seize“抓取”，符合语境。steal“偷”；produce“生产”；hide“
86、隐藏”。4A.yelled BsighedCadmitted Dcomplained解析：选A根据空后的“Mama, I found gold”可知，作者当时非常兴奋，所以会“大喊”，yell意为“大喊”。sigh“叹息”；admit“承认”；complain“抱怨”。5A.or BsoCbut Dfor解析：选C根据空后的“my brothers almost knocked me down as they ran right by me”可推知，作者的哥哥们也想冲到阁楼上看“金子”，作者告诉完母亲冲回阁楼，“但是”途中差点被哥哥们撞倒，空格前后两部分为转折关系。6A.nodded Bstu
87、ckClowered Dlifted解析：选B根据空后的“her head in”可知，母亲把门打开，把头“伸”了进去，发现那只是隔热材料。stick意为“放置”，stick her head in表示母亲将头伸进去。nod“点头”；lower“把放低”；lift“举起”。7A.simply BthoughtfullyChonestly Dangrily解析：选A根据下文中的“Honey, thats insulation (隔热材料). Now put it all back.”可知，母亲仅仅说它是隔热材料，并让作者将“金子”放回去。simply“仅仅，只”；thoughtfully“深思熟
88、虑地”；honestly“诚实地”；angrily“生气地”。8A.difference BchoiceCmistake Ddiscovery解析：选D根据上文中的“I found gold up there under the floor”可知，作者当时真的以为自己有了一个大的“发现”，但当被告知不是金子的时候，作者自然很失望。9A.sat BslidCreached Dwalked解析：选C根据下文中的“my hand touched what felt like a book”可知，作者将手伸进去，将“假金子”放了回去，故选reach“伸手”。slid为slide的过去式，意为“滑动”。
89、10A.until Bnow thatCunless Dso that解析：选B根据上文中的“which Id never heard of”及空后的“I was bored”可知，作者从来没有听说过这本书，又“由于”感到无聊，所以决定看看书中的内容。now that“既然，由于(since/in that)”。11A.surprise BregretCrelief Ddisappointment解析：选A根据下文中的“So I spent quite much time on it”可知，让作者感到“吃惊”的是，这本书里面有很多文段、短语和谚语，并且作者断定这本书将会“有趣”。to ones
90、 surprise“令某人吃惊的是”；to ones relief“使某人感到轻松的是”。12A.absurd BcontroversialCboring Dinteresting解析：选D参见上题解析。absurd“荒谬的”；controversial“有争议的”。13A.sympathy BcomfortChonor Ddoubt解析：选B根据上文中的“I spent quite much time on it”及“I was bored”可知，当时因为有了这本书，作者乏味的生活有了一些“安慰”。sympathy“同情”；comfort“慰藉，安慰”；honor“荣誉”；doubt“怀疑”
91、。14A.tended BofferedCmanaged Dhesitated解析：选D根据上文中的“I didnt know how to express things clearly”可知，因为作者不知道如何清楚地表达事件，所以在谈及它们的时候经常“迟疑”。tend to do“往往会做，倾向于做”；offer to do“主动提出做”；manage to do“设法完成”；hesitate to do“迟疑做，不愿意做”。15A.expect BrememberCrealize Dimagine解析：选C根据下文中的“I didnt need to feel ashamed”以及语境可知
92、，这本书让作者“意识到”，当自己表达不好的时候，不需要感到羞愧或“尴尬”，因为其他人也有相似的经历。16A.embarrassed BsatisfiedCastonished Dtired解析：选A参见上题解析。embarrassed“尴尬的”；satisfied“满意的”；astonished“感到十分惊讶的”；tired“疲劳的”。17A.mind BcopyCplan Dfile解析：选B根据空前的“original”以及语境可推知，多年来，作者一直保存着自己当年发现的那本书，copy在文中意为“一本，一册”。original copy表示“原本，原件”。18A.put away Bsh
93、ow offCrefer to Dpick up解析：选C根据上文作者一直留着这本书，再结合语境和常识可推知，作者至今还一直在“参考”这本书。put away“将收起来”；show off“炫耀”；refer to“查阅，参考，征询”；pick up“捡起”。19A.dilemma BdisasterCpity Dcoincidence解析：选D根据上文可知，作者当时发现这本书纯属“巧合”，但即便是巧合，这本书却在某种程度上(心灵、思想方面)解放了作者。dilemma“困境”；disaster“灾难”；pity“遗憾”；coincidence“巧合”。20A.still BindeedCnormally Dhopefully解析：选B根据上文中的“It helped me see more than my young mind and heart were able to understand”可知，这本书让作者的思想和心灵得到解放，对作者而言“的确”是金子。