1、选修七Unit 3Under the sea.完形填空(2020安徽省皖西南名校联考)On June 8th, much of the world observes United Nations World Oceans Day.The idea is to remind people how 1.B the worlds oceans are to all life on Earth, to celebrate their beauty, and to bring attention to the 2.A human activity has on the oceans.This year,
2、 the 3.D is “Our Oceans, Our Future”， with 4.C emphasis on finding solutions to plastic pollution, and 5.B marine (海洋) litter for a healthier ocean and a better future.The worlds oceans produce over half of our 6.D for breath, help regulate our climate, absorb carbon dioxide, and support the greates
3、t 7.A of life on our planet.Nearly half of all species (物种) on Earth 8.B on the oceans for survival, and for many of the rest, including for people, the oceans 9.C the quality of life.The oceans are 10.A vital to the worlds economy, because they are key to transportation and recreation.And 11.C over
4、 95 percent of the underwater kingdom remains unexplored, it is nearly a certainty that their 12.D may hold the cure to many a disease, the resolution to many problems.And yet, as much as 40 percent of the worlds oceans are heavily 13.C by human activities that result in pollution, over-fishing, and
5、 loss of coastal habitats.Of particular 14.B is plastic litter.Some of it comes from 15.A that use our rivers, lakes and seas, and 16.D makes its way into the ocean.But 17.A washes off land into the ocean each year.We must remember the health and safety of our oceans is our 18.C responsibility, one
6、that we cannot afford to ignore. 19.D through good administration can we safeguard the health of our oceans, and 20.B that the oceans continue to meet the needs of future generations.文章大意：文章主要讲述了世界海洋日，人们应该更加关注海洋健康。1A.seriousBimportantCapparentDawesome解析：句意：这个想法是要提醒人们，世界海洋对地球上所有生命的重要性，是为了庆祝它们的美丽，并提醒人
7、们注意人类活动对海洋的影响。serious“严肃的；认真的”； important “重要的”；apparent“显然的，易看见的”；awesome“可怕的；令人敬畏的”。根据题意，故选B。2A.influence Bresult CaffectionDdrawback解析：句意：这个想法是要提醒人们，世界海洋对地球上所有生命的重要性，是为了庆祝它们的美丽，并提醒人们注意人类活动对海洋的影响。influence “影响”； result“结果”；affection “喜爱”；drawback“劣势”。根据题意，故选A。3A.title Bmovement Ccampaign Dtheme解析：
8、句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，寻找解决塑料污染的方法，为了一个健康的海洋和一个更好的未来，阻止海洋垃圾。title“题目”； movement“运动；活动”；campaign“运动；战役”；theme“主题”。根据题意，故选D。4A.vital Bpossible Cspecial Dfundamental解析：句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，寻找解决塑料污染的方法，为了一个健康的海洋和一个更好的未来，阻止海洋垃圾。 vital “至关重要的”； possible“可能的”；special“特殊的”；fundamental“基础的；根本的”。special emp
9、hasis“特别强调”。根据题意，故选C。5A.reusing Bpreventing Ccollecting Dgathering解析：句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，寻找解决塑料污染的方法，为了一个健康的海洋和一个更好的未来，阻止海洋垃圾。 reusing“再用；重新使用”； preventing“阻止”；collecting“收集”； gathering“收集；采集”。根据“for a healthier ocean”一个更健康的海洋。可知应阻止垃圾。根据题意，故选B。6A.water Bfood Cair Doxygen解析：句意：世界上的海洋产生了一半以上的氧气用于呼吸
10、，有助于调节我们的气候，吸收二氧化碳，并支持我们星球上最丰富的生命。water “水”；food “食物”；air“空气”； oxygen“氧气”。根据“for breath”为了呼吸。根据常识，可知产生氧气。根据题意，故选D。7A.abundance Bfreedom Cindependence Dprotection解析：句意：世界上的海洋产生了一半以上的氧气用于呼吸，有助于调节我们的气候，吸收二氧化碳，并支持我们星球上最丰富的生命。abundance “丰富”；freedom“自由”；independence“独立”；protection“保护”。根据“Nearly half of al
11、l species (物种) on Earth”地球上几乎一半的物种。可知地球上物种丰富。根据题意，故选A。8A.base Bdepend Clive Dattach解析：句意：地球上近一半的物种依赖海洋生存，和许多其他的，包括人，海洋提高了生活质量。base “基础”； depend “依靠，依赖”； live“居住”；attach“附上；贴上”。“depend on”依赖，依靠。根据题意，故选B。9A.increase BdecreaseCimprove Ddevelop解析：句意：地球上近一半的物种依赖海洋生存，和许多其他的，包括人，海洋提高了生活质量。 increase“增加”；dec
12、rease “减少”；improve“提高”；develop“发展”。根据题意，故选C。10A.also Beven Cstill Doften解析：句意：海洋对世界经济也是至关重要的，因为它们是交通和娱乐的关键。also“也”；even“甚至”；still “仍然”；often“经常”。根据“because they are key to transportation and recreation.” 因为它们是交通和娱乐的关键，可知海洋对世界经济是至关重要的。根据题意，故选A。11A.when Bwhile Csince Dalthough解析：句意：由于超过95%的水下王国未被勘探。wh
13、en “当时候”；while“当时候”；since“因为；既然”； although“虽然”。根据题意，故选C。12A.areas Bwidths Camounts Ddepths解析：句意：它们的深度可以治愈许多疾病，解决许多问题。areas“面积”；widths“宽度；广度”；amounts “量；数量”；depths“深度；深处”。根据“over 95 percent of the underwater kingdom remains unexplored，” 超过95%的水下王国未被勘探。可知水下王国因为深度未被勘探。根据题意，故选D。13A.destroyed Bexploited
14、Caffected Dexplored解析：句意：然而，世界上多达40%的海洋受到人类活动的严重影响，导致污染、过度捕捞和沿海生物环境的丧失。destroyed “毁灭”；exploited “剥削；开采”；affected “影响”；explored“勘查；探测”。根据“that result in pollution”造成污染。可知海洋受到人类活动的影响。根据题意，故选C。14A.activity Bconcern Creason Dcause解析：句意：特别令人关注的是塑料垃圾。activity“活动”；concern“关注；重视”；reason“原因”； cause“原因；动机”。根据
15、题意，故选B。15A.ships Bvehicles Ccars Dtravelers解析：句意：其中一些来自通过我们的河流、湖泊和海洋的船只，最后流入海洋。ships “船”；vehicles“车辆”；cars“汽车”； travelers“旅行者”。根据“that use our rivers, lakes and seas”在河流、湖泊和海洋上，可推知是船只通行。根据题意，故选A。16A.naturally Bcontroversially Cevidently Deventually解析：句意：其中一些来自使用我们的河流、湖泊和海洋的船只，最后流入海洋。naturally“自然地”；c
16、ontroversially “引起争议地；争议地”；evidently“明显地；显而易见”；eventually“终究；终于”。根据题意，故选D。17A.much Bmany Csome Dlittle解析：句意：但是每年都有大量的土地流入海洋。much “非常”；many “许多”；some “一些”； little“不多；少许”。根据题意，故选A。18A.individual Bnational Ccommon Dalternative解析：句意：我们必须牢记，海洋的健康和安全是我们共同的责任，我们不能忽视这一责任。individual “个人的”；national “国家的”；comm
17、on “共同的；普通的”；alternative“替代的”。根据“our”我们，可知这是我们共同的责任。根据题意，故选C。19A.Then BAnd CSo DOnly解析：句意：只有通过良好的管理，我们才能保障海洋的健康，确保海洋继续满足后代的需要。Then“然后”；And“和”；So“所以”；Only“仅仅”。根据“can we”句中使用倒装句，可推知使用only强调句。根据题意，故选D。20A.promise Binsure Cforesee Dsubscribe解析：句意：只有通过良好的管理，我们才能保障海洋的健康，确保海洋继续满足后代的需要。promise“允诺；许诺”； insur
18、e“确保；保证”；foresee“预知；预见”；subscribe“订阅”。根据题意，故选B。.阅读理解A(2020山东省潍坊市高三期末)Coral reefs (珊瑚礁)are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, f
19、or a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime “coral bleaching (白化现象)”events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.In order to restore this delicate ecosystem
20、, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this exper
21、iment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world.“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy placesthe crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young fis
22、h concentrate on these sounds when theyre looking for a place to settle，” said Steve Simpson, study co-author and a professor at the University of Exeter, UK.By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sou
23、nds were played. “These returning fish, are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish populations in this way could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage were seeing on many coral reefs around the world，” said lead author, Tim Gordon.文章大意
24、：本文是一篇说明文。由于气候变暖，海水温度上升，引起了珊瑚礁的白化现象。为了恢复生态，英国和澳大利亚的科学家采用了新方法通过播放某些音乐吸引鱼来病了的珊瑚礁，希望借助它们来恢复生态系统。这一方法已经初见成效。1What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching？ D ADiverse species.BNoise pollution.AFishing industry.DClimbing temperatures.解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话可知，是全球变暖引起的海水温度的持续上升引起了珊瑚礁的白化现象。2What approach is int
25、roduced to recover the coral reefs？ D ARemoving damaged coral reefs.BUsing loudspeakers to keep fish away.ABuilding new homes for sea species.DPlaying certain sounds to appeal to fish.解析：推理判断题。由第二段第一句话可知，通过播放某些音乐来吸引鱼来病了的珊瑚礁，希望借助它们来恢复病了的珊瑚礁的生态系统。3Why are Steve Simpsons words quoted？ C ATo provide som
26、e findings of the study.BTo show the progress of the experiment.CTo explain reasons for the new approach.DTo give another solution to the problem.解析：推理判断题。由本段内容可推知，本段解释了这一新办法的理由。4What can we infer from the last paragraph？ C AThe attempts are in vain.BNatural recovery is impossible.CInitial success h
27、as been achieved.DThe coral reefs have returned to normal.解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可知，该方法已经初见成效。B(2021济南市模考)Theyre orange, theyre robots and theyre capable of sailing the high seas without human intervention.On Tuesday the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a pair of Saildrones (海洋
28、无人机) in Pacific Northwest waters for the first time. Their summer long sailing journey will stretch from Vancouver Island to California. The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons. The government wants to see whether seagoing robots can extend fishery surveys now pe
29、rformed by expensive manned ships.Nora Cohen from NOAA said，“The 23-foot long seagoing robots can follow a remotely programmed course for up to a year at a time. And they dont require any fuel. We use wind and solar power to drive the sensors. ”He added，“It means that were able to go to places where
30、 we dont really want to send people, and go into weather that we really dont want anyone ever to be in, and be able to send measurements back.”The primary mission is to investigate the species and the number of fish in existence and the places where they are. Larry Hufnagle, scientist of NOAA Fisher
31、ies in Seattle, said a traditional big NOAA research ship-based survey costs around $25,000 per day. By comparison, one Saildrone costs $2,500 per day.“It could be a significant saving，” Hufnagle said. “But like, anything else, there is a trade-off in what you get and what you dont get. On the manne
32、d ship, we have limited time. It takes a lot of people. We spend a fair amount of money. But there is one thing the Saildrone cant do that humans can: cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below. The Saildrones are going to give us additional data, not replacement data.” Nora
33、 Cohen said Saildrone, a venture capital-backed company based in Alameda, California, expects to launch a total of 11 of its seagoing robots to survey different waterbodies for NOAA this year. The Bering and Arctic seas, Coastal California and the Gulf of Mexico will be the locations of additional m
34、issions.文章大意：本文介绍了海洋无人机的相关情况。5What is the purpose of collecting fish data？ B ATo explore the ocean.BTo assist fishing industry.CTo learn the habits of fish.DTo improve fishing skills.解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段的第三句“The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons”可知，海洋无人机操作员收集数据的目的是协
35、助渔业。故选B。6What is mainly discussed about the Saildrone in Paragraph 3？ A AIts advantages.BIts appearance.CIts power systems.DIts primary mission.解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了海洋无人机遵循远程编程航线的时间长，不需要任何燃料，能进入不想让人进入的地方，能处于不想让人处于的天气中，且能发回测量的结果，以上这些都是它的优势，故选A。7What does the underlined word “trade-off” in Para
36、graph 5 probably mean？ D ADebate.BReason.CReality.DBalance.解析：考查词义猜测。根据画线词前后的内容可知，海洋无人机可以省一大笔开销，但是也有我们人类可以做到而海洋无人机无法做到的事情，即它有利有弊，我们要权衡得失，故D项的意义与画线词意义最接近。8What can be inferred from the text？ A AThe Saildrone has a promising future.BHufnagle thinks little of the Saildrone.CManned ships will be complet
37、ely replaced.DProduction of seagoing robots is restricted.解析：考查推理判断。综合全文可知，海洋无人机具有使用成本低、遵循远程编程航线的时间长、不需要任何燃料、能进入不想让人进入的地方且能发回测量的结果等优点，能够帮助确定未来的捕鱼季节及进行渔业调查；且在最后一段谈到Saildrone公司今年将预计总共推出11款远洋航行机器人，为NOAA调查不同的水体。由此可推知，海洋无人机有好的前景。故选A。.短文改错(2021广东省深圳市高级中学高三年级模考)As we all know, over seventy percent of our p
38、lanet are covered by sea, where is rich in salt as well as fish. Whats more, there is a great deal of oil or gas under the sea. In other words, the sea is the place with so many important things we live in. However, with the world population increased rapidly, overfishing has become a serious proble
39、m. Every day a lot of rubbishes and waste water are poured into the sea, so the sea is bad polluted. As a result, the number of fish has obviously decreased. Besides, some are dying out or have been died out. Therefore, it is time for everybody protect the sea.答案：As we all know, over seventy percent
40、 of our planet covered by sea, is rich in salt as well as fish. Whats more, there is a great deal of oil gas under the sea. In other words, the sea is place with so many important things we lives . However, with the world population rapidly, overfishing has become a serious problem. Every day a lot
41、of and waste water are poured into the sea, so the sea is polluted. As a result, the number of fish has obviously decreased. Besides, some are dying out or have been died out. Therefore, it is time for everybody protect the sea.解析：1考查主谓一致。句意：众所周知，我们地球百分之七十被海水覆盖。本句主语是不可数名词over seventy percent of our
42、planet，谓语动词应该使用单数形式。所以要把are改为is。2考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，我们地球百分之七十被海水覆盖，它富含盐和鱼。本句的先行词是sea，关系代词which指代先行词，引导定语从句并在句中做主语。而where在句中作状语。所以要把where改为which。3考查连词。句意：而且，在大海下面有很多的石油和天然气。连词and表示并列关系，通常用在肯定句里。而or表示并列通常用于疑问句否定句里。所以要把or改为and。4考查冠词。句意：大海是一个有很多我们赖以生存的东西的地方。根据句意可知应该表示泛指，应该使用不定冠词a表示泛指，而定冠词the表示特指。所以要把the改为a。
43、5考查介词。句意：大海是一个有很多我们赖以生存的东西的地方。动词短语live on“以为生”。所以要把in改为on。6考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界人口的迅速增加，过度捕鱼成为一个严重的问题。介词with的宾语the world population与动词increase构成主动关系，要用现在分词increasing充当补足语。所以要把increased改为increasing。7考查名词的数。句意：每天都有很多垃圾和污水被倾倒进大海。名词rubbish意为“垃圾”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。所以要把rubbishes改为rubbish。8考查副词。句意：每天都有很多垃圾和污水被倾倒进大海，大海被污染得很严重。副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，形容词通常作定语修饰名词代词。句中应该使用副词做状语修饰谓语is polluted。所以要把bad改为badly。9考查动词的语态。句意：而且，一些鱼将要“灭绝”或已经灭绝了。动词短语die out“灭绝”，没有被动语态。所以要删除been。10考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，现在是每个人保护大海的时候了。句中使用了不定式复合结构for sb to do sth.，所以要在everybody后加to。