山东省济宁市2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）.doc

1、山东省济宁市2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段

2、对话仅读一遍。1. What will the man do next? A Go to the lost-and-found office. B. Make a phone call. C. Catch a bus. 2. What does the woman mean? A. John used to serve well. B. John caused trouble to her. C. John deserved to be dismissed. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A In a hotel. B.

3、 In a theater. C. In a restaurant. 4. Who is the woman talking with? A. Her son. B. Her husband. C. A shopkeeper. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Dancing classes. B. The womans daughter. C. The school dancing contest. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个

4、选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man think of reading? A. Entertaining. B. Meaningful. C. Boring. 7. How does the man probably entertain himself? A. By watching TV. B. By playing sports. C. By reading novels. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why do

5、es the woman talk to the man? A. He lost his student visa. B. He has missed too many classes. C. He failed to sign up for two classes. 9. What is the worst result of the mans behavior? A. Hell be sent back home. B. Hell have to restart his course. C. Hell fail to get the scholarship. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12

6、题。10. What is the mans worry about 2050? A. Working conditions will be poor. B. Unemployment rate will increase. C. People will work far from home. 11. Why may humans live longer in 2050? A. Many diseases might be cured. B. More nutritious food will be offered. C. Medicines to slow aging will be inv

7、ented. 12. What wont happen in 2050 according to the man? A. Computers will control humans lives. B. Science fiction will become a reality. C. People will discover life on other planets. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What does the woman like about Winchester Island? A. The people. B. The peace. C. The activi

8、ties. 14. What is the mans favorite sport? A. Windsurfing. B. Volleyball. C. Golf. 15. Why does the woman oppose the plan? A. It will destroy the environment. B. It will need a large amount of money. C. It will make many people lose their homes. 16. What are the speakers arguing over?A. Whether the

9、tourists can go to the island. B. Whether the holiday center should be built. C. Whether the island is a good place to do sports. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When is the restaurant open on Saturdays? A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the evening. 18. What can we learn about the restaurant? A. It used t

10、o be a library. B. Its name is rare in Britain. C. It was opened 2 years ago. 19. What is the speakers plan with his restaurant? A. To open more branches globally. B. To change it into a club. C. To get it decorated. 20. Where does the man probably come from? A. America. B. England. C. India. 第二部分阅读

11、（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWorcester Animal Rescue League is a non-profit animal shelter that is cared for by a committed staff of paid employees and volunteers. WARL commonly needs volunteers to help with everything from animal care to general office suppo

12、rt; from staffing special events to working on creative projects. Here is some detailed information. JobsAbilities toDays we need helpTimes of jobsCleaning: cat cages; sweep and mop floorsbend and twist; climb step ladderAll7 daysCat Cages: 8 am-10 am Sweeping &Mopping: 10am-11 amErrands: pick up la

13、rge quantities of donations from local establishmentsdrive own large vehicle; lift heavy boxesCould be any day-well send you an email in advanceAt a moments noticeOffice: computer assistance; writing thank-you notesprovide customer service; operate the computer skillfully; write neatlyVaries-could b

14、e a weekly task or as needed for an upcoming eventOne hour for a regular weekly task, usually anytime between 9 am and 12 pmAnimal Care: feeding cats; walking dogs; training dogs(Note:previous experience required)learn or be aware of cat &. dog behavior; run 1-3 miles; good balance is a mustDaily4pm

15、-6 pm1. How long is a cleaner required to work daily?A. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Three hours.D. Six hours.2. What qualifies you for office work?A. Having great strength.B. Driving trucks well.C. Mastering computer skills.D. Having a quick temper.3. Which job favors working experience?A. Cleaning.B.

16、Errands.C. Office work.D. Animal Care.【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个非盈利的动物庇护所招募志愿者的详细信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Cleaning部分的“Cat Cages: 8 am-10 am Sweeping &Mopping: 10am-11 am”（猫笼:8:00 am- 10:00扫地和拖地:10:00 am- 11:00 am）可知，打扫猫笼和扫地拖地一起需要3个小时。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Office部分的“operate the computer skillfully”（

17、熟练操作电脑）可知，office work这份工作要求掌握计算机技能。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Animal Care部分的“Note: previous experience required”（注:需有工作经验）可知，Animal Care这份工作需要工作经验。故选D。BThe next time you find an excuse to abandon your ambition, think of Chris Nikic. On November 7, 2020, 21-year-old Chris Nikic made history as the first perso

18、n with Down Syndrome to attempt and complete an Ironman. Organized by the World Triathlon Corporation, it requires athletes to swim 2.4 miles, bike 112 miles, and run a full 26.2-mile marathon-in under 17 hours! The event, which took place in Panama City, Florida, began early in the morning with a t

19、wo-lap swim in the Gulf of Mexico. Chris, who was tied to his coach for safety, completed the course well within 2 hour, 20-minute time limit. The 112-mile bike ride, which Chris rode alone, proved a little more challenging. Not accustomed to drinking water while riding, he was forced to make multip

20、le stops. To make matters worse, the young athlete was attacked by an army of red ants whose nest he accidentally stepped on during a break. He also had a bleeding knee after crashing while speeding downhill. Despite these setbacks, Chris managed to complete the lap before the 5:30 pm cut-off time.

21、The competitions final challengea two-lap 26. 2-mile run along the waterfront- started smoothly. However, Chris was tired out? by the tenth mile. But, with encouragement from his coach and cheering bystanders, the youngster somehow managed to cross the finish line in 16 hours, 46 minutes, and 9 seco

22、nds-almost 15 minutes under the 17-hour time limit. Chris is no stranger to overcoming challenges. Born with two holes in his heart, he underwent surgery at just five months old. He was too weak to walk independently until he was four. Due to his Down Syndrome, every expert his parents spoke to focu

23、sed on the limitations rather than the possibilities. To Chris, this race was more than just a finish line and celebration of victory. Its about being an example to other kids and families that face similar barriers.4. What does the underlined part an Ironman in paragraph 1 refer to?A. A competition

24、.B. An organization.C. A person.D. An artwork.5. Which of the following best describes Chriss bike ride experience?A. Romantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Smooth.6. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 5?A. Stimulate readers interest.B. Introduce a new topic.C. Summarize the previous paragr

25、aphs.D. Add some background information.7. What can we learn from Chriss story?A. Winning is everything.B. No dream is unachievable.C. Life is full of choices.D. Misfortune is a barrier to success.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了21岁Chris Nikic创造了历史，成为首位尝试完成铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者。文章介绍了他在此次比赛中的具体表现，他的

26、一些个人经历以及这场比赛的意义不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Organized by the World Triathlon Corporation, it requires athletes to swim 2.4 miles, bike 112 miles, and run a full 26.2-mile marathon-in under 17 hours!(它由世界铁人三项机构组织，要求运动员游泳2.4英里，骑自行车112英里，跑完26.2英里的马拉松在17小时内完成！)”可知，Chris Ni

27、kic完成了一项由世界铁人三项机构组织的比赛，创造了历史。即画线词指的是“一项比赛”。A. A competition.一项比赛；B. An organization.一个组织；C. A person.一个人；D. An artwork.一件艺术品。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Not accustomed to drinking water while riding, he was forced to make multiple stops. To make matters worse, the young athlete was attacked by an army of

28、 red ants whose nest he accidentally stepped on during a break. He also had a bleeding knee after crashing while speeding downhill. Despite these setbacks, Chris managed to complete the lap before the 5:30 pm cut-off time.(由于不习惯在骑车时喝水，他被迫多次停下来。更糟糕的是，这位年轻的运动员在休息时不小心踩到了蚁巢，被一群红蚂蚁攻击。他在高速下坡时发生车祸，膝盖出血。尽管遇

29、到了这些挫折，克里斯还是在下午5:30的截止时间前完成了这一圈骑行)”可推知，克里斯骑自行车的经历事故频发。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Chris is no stranger to overcoming challenges. Born with two holes in his heart, he underwent surgery at just five months old. He was too weak to walk independently until he was four. Due to his Down Syndrome, every expert h

30、is parents spoke to focused on the limitations rather than the possibilities.(克里斯对克服挑战并不陌生。他出生时心脏上有两个洞，5个月大时就接受了手术。他在四岁之前身体太虚弱，不能独立行走。由于他患有唐氏综合症，与他父母交谈过的每个专家都关注于他的局限性，而不是可能性)”可推知，在第5段作者想要添加一些克里斯的背景信息。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“To Chris, this race was more than just a finish line and celebration of victo

31、ry. Its about being an example to other kids and families that face similar barriers.(对克里斯来说，这场比赛不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样)”结合文章主要记叙了21岁的Chris Nikic创造了历史，成为首位尝试完成铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者。文章介绍了他在此次比赛中的具体表现，他的一些个人经历以及这场比赛的意义不仅仅是终点线和胜利的庆祝。这是为了给其他面临类似障碍的孩子和家庭树立一个榜样。故我们能从克里斯的故事中学到“没有梦想是不可能实现的”的道理。故选B。C

32、Imagine arriving at the airportpassing through securityfinally boarding your flight and taking offonly to land a few hours laterright back where you started. No. Your plane didnt have a mechanical issue. You actually bought a plane ticket to nowhere. Its a new kind of air travel thats become popular

33、 during the COVID-19 pandemic. A growing number of airlines-including Qantas in Australia and All Nippon Airways in Japanoffer flights that take off and touch down at the same airport-without landing anywhere in between. Recently, Qantas introduced its first seven-hour scenic flight scheduled for Oc

34、t. 10 that featured views of the Great Barrier Reef, Sydney Harbor and the Uluru monolith. Ticketswhich cost between 560 dollars and just over 2,700 dollarswere sold out in 10 minutes, according to the airline. The airline industrythe travel industry overallhas just been damaged by the pandemic. The

35、 International Air Transport Association predicts the airline industry as a whole will lose 84 billion dollars this year and almost 16 billion dollars in 2021 because of the pandemic. So this new kind of air travel offers airlines an opportunity to make some money and also keep staff working. Howeve

36、r, environmental groups say these flights to nowhere should not be the answer for cash-short airlines. Mark Carter, spokesman for Flight Free Australia（an environment group）argues, Too many of us are unaware of flyings contribution to the climate crisis. And the passengers on Qantas flights to nowhe

37、re will increase their annual carbon release as they fly over the Great Barrier Reef because warming is causing repeated mass bleaching（白化）events before the Reef has time to recover.”8. Whats special about the new kind of air travel?A. Booking a ticket in advance.B. Boarding a plane in person.C. Mak

38、ing a direct round trip.D. Enjoying scenes in the sky.9. What do we know about Qantas seven-hour scenic flight?A. It serves local cuisine.B. It enjoys great popularity.C. Its tickets are unaffordable.D. Its final destination is Sydney Harbor.10. What is Mark Carters attitude to the new kind of air t

39、ravel?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Appreciative.D. Indifferent.11. What can be the best title of the text?A The Ups and Downs of Airline IndustryB. Scenic “Flights To Nowhere Taking OffC. Concerns About the Great Barrier ReefD. The COVID-19 Pandemic Breaking Out【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章

40、讲述世界各地多家航空公司推出一种旅游航空套餐 “我哪儿也不去”受到人们的追捧以及产生的环境问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Imagine arriving at the airportpassing through securityfinally boarding your flight and taking offonly to land a few hours laterright back where you started（想象一下，你来到机场，通过安检，登机起飞，几个小时后终于落地你又回到了你的出发地。）可知，这种新型航空旅行的特点在于是直接往返的。故选C。【9题详解】推理

41、判断题。根据第二段“Ticketswhich cost between 560 dollars and just over 2,700 dollarswere sold out in 10 minutes, according to the airline. (据航空公司称，票价在560美元到2700美元之间的机票在10分钟内就售完了。)”可知，因为机票很快售完了，由此判断，澳洲航空7小时的观光飞行很受欢迎。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Too many of us are unaware of flyings contribution to the climate cris

42、is. And the passengers on Qantas flights to nowhere will increase their annual carbon release as they fly over the Great Barrier Reef because warming is causing repeated mass bleaching（白化）events before the Reef has time to recover.（我们中太多的人没有意识到飞行对气候危机的影响。澳洲航空“飞往任何地方的航班”上的乘客，在飞越大堡礁时，每年的碳排放量将会增加，因为气候变

43、暖正在导致大堡礁不断发生大规模白化事件，而珊瑚礁还没有时间恢复。）”可知，因为这种新型飞行旅行会给环境带来破坏，所以Mark Carter对此持批判态度。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“Imagine arriving at the airportpassing through securityfinally boarding your flight and taking offonly to land a few hours laterright back where you started.（想象一下，你来到机场，通过安检，登机起飞，几个小时后终于落地你又回到

44、了你的出发地。）”和第二段“A growing number of airlines-including Qantas in Australia and All Nippon Airways in Japanoffer flights that take off and touch down at the same airport-without landing anywhere in between.（越来越多的航空公司包括澳大利亚的澳洲航空(Qantas)和日本的全日空航空(All Nippon Airways)提供在同一机场起降的航班，而在两者之间的任何地方都不降落。）”可知，本文主要介

45、绍了世界各地多家航空公司推出一种旅游式 “我哪儿也不去”。所以短文的最佳标题为“能够欣赏美景的“我哪儿也不去航班”火爆进行中”故选B。DFire ants tunnels get dug efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work, thus avoiding pileups in tight spaces. What about the freeloaders? They just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get th

46、ings done. But might freeloaders actually be necessary for society to function efficiently? The answer could be yesat least when it comes to fire ants and their efforts to dig nests underground. Fire ants are highly social creatures. So, Goldman, a physicist at Georgia Tech, and his colleagues wante

47、d to know how individual ants knew what to do without a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldmans team labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their narrow tunnelsbarely wide enough for two workers. It turned out that just 30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of

48、 the labor. I was surprised that we ended up with so few workers actually doing the work at any one time. A quarter of the ants never even entered the tunnels. Others moved inside, but left without digging a single grain of dirt. These behaviors ensured the crowded tunnels did not get blocked with i

49、nsect traffic, which would put the construction process to a stop. And when the scientists removed the five hardest-working ants from the site, others immediately jumped in to take up their positions-with no reduction in the groups productivity. It seems that it doesnt matter which ants are working

50、or freeloading at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings appeared in the journal Science. The study could have implications for robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search the ruins for disaster survivors or nanobots coursing

51、 through our bodies to detect illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces.12. Why are only a few ants needed to do the digging work?A. To give full play to the able.B. To take care of the old ones.C. To improve their work eff

52、iciency.D. To free some ants to do other work.13. How did Goldman carry out the research?A. By direct observation.B. By classification.C. By citing previous data.D. By handing out questionnaires.14. What does Goldmans research indicate?A. Individuals matter in work.B. Many hands make light work.C. G

53、ood leadership guarantees productivity.D. Specific division of labor boosts efficiency.15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Robots are not suitable for team work.B. Smaller robots should be used to treat patients.C. More robots have to be sent to do rescue work.D. Some robots should b

54、e programmed to freeload.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，火蚁群体的生产效率高很大原因是因为在挖掘洞穴过程中，只有一小部分蚂蚁参与其中，而其他火蚁不作为。文章介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及研究发现可以应用于机器人技术。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fire ants tunnels get dug efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work, thus avoiding pileups in tight

55、 spaces. What about the freeloaders? They just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done.(火蚁只需要一小部分蚂蚁来完成大部分工作，就能有效地挖掘隧道，从而避免在狭小的空间里发生拥挤。那些不作为的蚂蚁怎么办？他们只是等着他们努力工作的同事把事情做完)”以及第四段中“And when the scientists removed the five hardest-working ants from the site, others immediately jumped

56、 in to take up their positions-with no reduction in the groups productivity. (当科学家们把5只工作最努力的蚂蚁移走后，其他的蚂蚁立即跳到它们的位置上，而这并没有降低这组蚂蚁的工作效率)”可知，只需要几只蚂蚁来挖，是为了提高他们的工作效率。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“So, Goldman, a physicist at Georgia Tech, and his colleagues wanted to know how individual ants knew what to do withou

57、t a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldmans team labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their narrow tunnelsbarely wide enough for two workers.(因此，佐治亚理工学院的物理学家Goldman和他的同事们想要知道，在没有中央领导蚂蚁发出命令的情况下，单个蚂蚁是如何知道该做什么的。为了找到答案，Goldman的团队给每只火蚁涂上油漆，然后观察它们挖掘狭窄的隧道宽度仅够两个蚂蚁使用

58、)”可知，Goldman是通过直接观察进行这项研究的。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“And when the scientists removed the five hardest-working ants from the site, others immediately jumped in to take up their positions-with no reduction in the groups productivity. It seems that it doesnt matter which ants are working or freeloading

59、at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings appeared in the journal Science.(当科学家们把5只工作最努力的蚂蚁移走后，其他的蚂蚁立即跳到它们的位置上，而这并没有降低这组蚂蚁的工作效率。在给定的时间内，无论哪只蚂蚁在工作还是在吃白食，似乎都没有关系，只要有一定的分工来保持隧道的顺畅流动。研究结果发表在科学杂志上)”可推知，Goldman的研究表明了具体分工可以提高效率。故选D。【15题详解

60、】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study could have implications for robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search the ruins for disaster survivors or nanobots coursing through our bodies to detect illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spa

61、ces.(这项研究可能会对机器人技术产生影响。想象一下，成群的机器人被派往废墟中寻找灾难幸存者，或者纳米机器人在我们体内穿行，检测疾病并提供有针对性的医疗。这样的机器人群需要避免被挤在狭小的空间里)”可推知，一些机器人应该被设计成什么也不做。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The latest thing in architecture is green buildingscovering walls and roofs with a carpet of plants to preve

62、nt heat, absorb rain and provide a home for wildlife. Many such buildings need complex systems for holding and irrigating the soil._16_Ivy is a group of evergreen climbing plants, whose power to live is hard to beat. Firstly, it can live in almost any surroundings, whether in shade or full sun._17_I

63、t grows well in both dry and damp soil. Moreover, it doesnt need supports as it grows aerial roots that can be attached to most things. For these reasons, ivy can be widely grown to beautify an ugly wall or a fence._18_It is a heaven for bees and butterflies in summer and its berries are a valuable

64、food source for birds in winter. However, there are some concerns about growing ivy. Ivy has a reputation for damaging buildings, but according to the UKs Royal Horticultural Society, this doesnt usually happen unless the walls already have cracks._19_But Blanusa at the University of Reading, UK, wh

65、o has examined the effects of plant climbers, finds that ivy raises humidity next to the wall by only a small amount. _20_Once ivy has been in the ground for a few years, it can grow out of control. Just dont let it get the better of you.A. Growing ivy can bring added benefits.B. Therefore, I strong

66、ly oppose growing ivy.C. The other fear is that it can make walls damp.D. Besides, it can be tolerant of various kinds of soil.E. Anyway, you do need to be careful in growing ivy.F. An ivy-covered wall will slightly warm a room in winter.G. However, there is a much easier approach: growing some ivy.

67、【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了常春藤可以用于覆盖墙壁和屋顶以防止热量、吸收雨水并为野生动物提供家园，介绍了常春藤的好处和一些可能存在的潜在问题。【16题详解】根据上文“The latest thing in architecture is green buildingscovering walls and roofs with a carpet of plants to prevent heat, absorb rain and provide a home for wildlife. Many such buildin

68、gs need complex systems for holding and irrigating the soil.(最新的建筑是绿色建筑用植物覆盖墙壁和屋顶以防止热量、吸收雨水并为野生动物提供家园。许多这样的建筑需要复杂的系统来保持和灌溉土壤)”结合后文主要介绍了常春藤的种植事项，可知，本句与上文构成转折，提出可以种常春藤的办法。故G选项“然而，有一个更简单的方法：种一些常春藤”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“It grows well in both dry and damp soil.(它在干燥和潮湿的土壤里都长得很好)”可知，常春藤可以适应各种土壤，D选项中soil与后文

69、中soil相对应。故D选项“此外，它能忍受各种土壤”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“For these reasons, ivy can be widely grown to beautify an ugly wall or a fence.(由于这些原因，常青藤可以广泛种植来美化一堵丑陋的墙或篱笆)”以及后文“It is a heaven for bees and butterflies in summer and its berries are a valuable food source for birds in winter.(夏天它是蜜蜂和蝴蝶的天堂，冬天它的浆果是鸟类宝贵

70、的食物来源)”可知，上文总结了常春藤本身的优点，后文则提到了它对其他动物的好处，可知本句旨在说明常春藤还可以带来额外的好处。故A选项“种植常青藤可以带来额外的好处”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“However, there are some concerns about growing ivy. Ivy has a reputation for damaging buildings, but according to the UKs Royal Horticultural Society, this doesnt usually happen unless the walls al

71、ready have cracks.(然而，长常春藤也有一些问题。常青藤素有破坏建筑的名声，但根据英国皇家园艺学会的说法，这种情况通常不会发生，除非墙壁已经出现裂缝)”以及后文“But Blanusa at the University of Reading, UK, who has examined the effects of plant climbers, finds that ivy raises humidity next to the wall by only a small amount.(但是英国雷丁大学的Blanusa在研究了植物攀缘植物的影响后发现，常春藤只增加了墙边湿度的

72、一小部分)”可知，本段主要是关于种植常春藤可能导致的问题，且后文提到了常春藤会增加墙边湿度，可知本句是在说明常春藤会使墙壁潮湿的问题，C选项中fear对应上文中concerns，damp对应后文humidity。故C选项“另一个担心是它会使墙壁潮湿”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后文“Once ivy has been in the ground for a few years, it can grow out of control. Just dont let it get the better of you.(一旦常春藤在地下生长了几年，它就会不受控制地生长。别让这事影响了你)”可知

73、，后文提到常春藤会不受控制地生长，可推知本句是在说明种植常春藤要慎重小心。故E选项“不管怎样，你在种常春藤时确实需要小心”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。You can handle it, Matt. said Mr. Wolf, my fourth-grade band teacher, as he put the heavy tuba into my arms. I felt_21_because I had asked for other

74、band instrument, not the tuba. I knew what Mr. Wolf_22_. In his mind， I was the only one who could handle it. And he was_23_. In fourth grade, I was_24_a foot taller and 50 pounds heavier than any of my classmates. Now Im 6 feet 3 inches and weigh 240 pounds. Since freshman year, my football coach h

75、as had only one_25_place for me: the line. I was never offered the outstanding_26_of running back or quarterback. I had to be where size_27_. Somehow my size has_28_me from any solo performances in music or sports. As is often the case, there is a(n)_29_chance that a tuba player or a lineman will ge

76、t_30_. But I seldom complain about this lack of_31_. Instead, I worked hard to improve myself. In school, my classmates formed a(n)_32_impression of a big kid: either a clumsy fool or an annoying “tough guy. To correct their expectations, I_33_to become athletic and even graceful. I made sure that I

77、 played well in all the sports I_34_and I even joined in a ballroom dance class. Looking forward, I know that my size will_35_me to accomplish many positive things, whether in college, in a career or in just helping others.21. A. delightedB. surprisedC. satisfiedD. determined22 A. meantB. concludedC

78、. admittedD. demanded23. A. stubbornB. pickyC. rightD. considerate24. A. casuallyB. graduallyC. randomlyD. actually25. A. vitalB. flexibleC. limitlessD. changeless26. A. commitmentsB. certificatesC. prospectsD. positions27. A. dependedB. sufferedC. matteredD. varied28. A. protectedB. preventedC. res

79、cuedD. distinguished29. A. slimB. goldenC. suitableD. unexpected30. A. injuredB. noticedC. changedD. defeated31. A. ambitionB. prejudiceC. recognitionD. comment32. A. rigidB. awesomeC. obviousD. unique33. A. resolvedB. hesitatedC. failedD. chanced34. A. came acrossB. referred toC. dropped out ofD. p

80、articipated in35. A. warnB. enableC. persuadeD. force【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是个身材高大的学生，因为这一特点，作者在乐队里被老师安排演奏大号，被足球教练安排做前锋，安排在这些不引人注目的位置。但作者很少抱怨别人看不到自己，相反，他努力提高自己。作者展望未来，知道身材大小将使自己完成许多积极的事情，无论是在大学，在职业生涯或只是帮助别人。【21题详解】

81、考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很惊讶，因为我要的是其他乐队乐器，而不是大号。A. delighted高兴的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. satisfied满意的；D. determined坚决的。根据后文“because I had asked for other band instrument, not the tuba”可知作者对老师给自己大号的行为感到惊讶。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道Wolf先生是什么意思。A. meant意味着；B. concluded推断；C. admitted承认；D. demanded要求。根据后文“In his mind,

82、I was the only one who could handle it.”可知作者心里知道老师给自己大号意味着什么。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是对的。A. stubborn固执的；B. picky挑剔的；C. right正确的；D. considerate体贴的。根据后文“a foot taller and 50 pounds heavier than any of my classmates”可知作者身材高大，适合大号，所以老师是对的。故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在四年级时，我实际上比我的同班同学高一英尺，重50磅。A. casually随便地

83、；B. gradually逐渐地；C. randomly随便地；D. actually实际上。根据后文“a foot taller and 50 pounds heavier than any of my classmates”可知作者身材实际上比同班同学更高大。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从大学一年级开始，我的足球教练就给我留了一个永远不变的位置：前锋。A. vital至关重要的；B. flexible灵活的；C. limitless无限的；D. changeless不变的。结合上文“Since freshman year, my football coach has h

84、ad only one”可知足球教练给作者的位置从大一开始就没有变化过。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有人给过我出色的位置，比如跑卫或四分卫。A. commitments承诺；B. certificates证书；C. prospects前景；D. positions位置。对应上文“place for me”以及后文“of running back or quarterback”指在球队中的位置。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须在需要体型巨大的人的重要位置。A. depended取决于；B. suffered遭受；C. mattered要紧；D. var

85、ied变化。结合上文老师让作者弹奏大号以及作者在足球队中总是前锋，可知作者总是被安排在需要体型高大的人的位置上。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我的身材使我不能在音乐或体育方面进行任何个人表演。A. protected保护；B. prevented阻止；C. rescued营救；D. distinguished区别。结合后文“I seldom complain about this lack of”可推知，作者总是被安排在不起眼的位置上，所以作者的身材使他自己不能在音乐或体育方面进行任何个人表演。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像经常发生的情况一样，

86、大号演奏者或前锋被注意到的可能性很小。A. slim苗条的，微小的；B. golden金色的；C. suitable合适的；D. unexpected意外的。结合后文“I seldom complain about this lack of”可知，大号演奏者或前锋被注意到的可能性很小，应用slim。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像经常发生的情况一样，大号演奏者或前锋被注意到的可能性很小。A. injured伤害；B. noticed注意到；C. changed改变；D. defeated击败。后文提到作者很少抱怨别人看不到自己，可推知大号演奏者或前锋被别人注意到的可能性很小。

87、故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我很少抱怨别人看不到我。A. ambition野心；B. prejudice偏见；C. recognition看见，识别；D. comment评论。根据上文“But I seldom complain about this lack of”可知，作者演奏大号和做前锋，而大号演奏者或前锋被注意到的可能性很小，但作者很少抱怨别人看不到自己。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，我的同学们对大孩子的刻板印象是：要么是笨拙的傻瓜，要么是令人讨厌的“硬汉”。A. rigid刻板的，严格的；B. awesome极好的；C. obvious

88、明显的；D. unique独特的。根据后文“either a clumsy fool or an annoying “tough guy.”可知此处指其他人对身材高大孩子的刻板印象。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了改变他们对我的期望，我决心成为一个运动健将，甚至优雅的人。A. resolved解决，决定；B. hesitated犹豫；C. failed失败；D. chanced偶然。根据后文“to become athletic and even graceful”可知作者决心成为运动健将，甚至优雅的人。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确保自己在所有参加的运动

89、中都发挥出色，我甚至参加了一个交际舞班。A. came across偶遇；B. referred to涉及；C. dropped out of退学；D. participated in参加。结合上文“I made sure that I played well in all the sports”可知指作者参与到的运动。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：展望未来，我知道我的身材将使我完成许多积极的事情，无论是在大学，在职业生涯或只是帮助别人。A. warn警告；B. enable使能够；C. persuade说服；D. force迫使。结合后文“me to accomplish m

90、any positive things”可知作者意识到自己的身材能够使自己完成许多积极的事情。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese GardensThe Chinese garden has a long history. It first_36_(appear) as early as the 1lth century B. C. during the Zhou Dynasty. It is usually referred to_

91、37_a place of beauty and a harmonious connection with nature. Famous for the_38_(rich) of theme ideas, the Chinese gardens are deeply rooted in the traditional Chinese culture._39_(base) on that, Chinese gardens focus on the harmony between heaven, earth and man. Honoring and following nature became

92、_40_unshakable principle of building Chinese gardens. With this principle,_41_(create) a garden, designers integrate buildings, mountains, rivers and plants as one, featuring man-nature coexistence and harmony. Typically, there are three major_42_(element) of a traditional Chinese garden: water repr

93、esenting_43_(constant) changing nature, stones_44_(indicate) stability and strength and plants providing beauty, harmony, etc. Overall, the Chinese gardens do not take the actual landscape we can see as the ultimate design goal. Instead, they are all about the images behind the landscape and meaning

94、s beyond what is expressed, _45_is the so-called “view borrowing”.【答案】36. appeared 37. as 38. richness 39. Based 40. an 41. to create 42. elements 43. constantly 44. indicating 45. which【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国花园的历史以及特点。【36题详解】考查一般过去时态。句意：它最早出现在公元前1世纪的周朝。根据as early as the 1lth century B. C. during the Zh

95、ou Dynasty可知，句子用一般过去时态。故填appeared。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：它通常被认为是一个美丽、与自然和谐相处的地方。固定搭配：refer toas“把当作”，其中as是介词，意思是“作为”。故填as。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：中国园林以丰富的主题思想而闻名，深深植根于中国传统文化。分析句子the _3_ (rich) of可知，冠词用在名词前面，该空填名词，所给词rich是形容词，其名词是richness。故填richness。【39题详解】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：基于此，中国园林注重天、地、人的和谐。固定短语：be based on“以为基础”，此处是过

96、去分词作原因状语。故填Based。【40题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：尊重和遵循自然成为中国园林建设不可动摇的原则。此处表示“一个不可动摇的原则”，unshakable是以元音音素开头的词，表示“一”时前面用不定冠词an。故填an。【41题详解】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：以此为原则，设计师将建筑、山川、植物融为一体，人与自然和谐共存。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：典型地，中国传统园林有三个主要元素：水代表不断变化的自然，石头代表稳定和力量，植物提供美丽和和谐等。根据three可知，名词用复数形式。故填elements。【43题详解】考查副

97、词修饰形容词。句意：典型地，中国传统园林有三个主要元素：水代表不断变化的自然，石头代表稳定和力量，植物提供美丽和和谐等。此处changing是形容词，意思是“变化的”，由副词修饰，constant的副词是constantly。故填constantly。【44题详解】考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：典型地，中国传统园林有三个主要元素:水代表不断变化的自然，石头代表稳定和力量，植物提供美丽和和谐等。句中stones和indicate之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语。故填indicating。【45题详解】考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：相反，它们都是关于景观背后的形象和表达之外的意义

98、，这就是所谓的“借景”。此处images and meanings是先行词，指物，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，马上就要参加听力高考，你想在听力上有所提高，便准备向已回国的外教David发邮件求助，内容包括：1. 听力困扰；2. 请求帮助；3. 表示感谢。1. 词数80左右；2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。Dear David,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】One possible version:Dear David,How is everything going? The

99、Listening Test is scheduled to be held twice on January 8th, 2021. With its approach, I was under growing pressure, so Im writing to turn to you for help. Currently, we are occupied in preparing for the big test. However, the more I practice, the more mistakes I am likely to make, which bothers me a

100、 lot. Much as I practice it, it doesnt work well. Moreover, there is limited time left. Would you put forward some proposals to promote my listening? Thank you in advance. Looking forward to your earliest response. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求考生给外教David写信求助，话题是关于提高听力能力的方法。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时

101、态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法 总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 听力困扰；2. 请求帮助；3. 表示感谢。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）be scheduled to do；turn to sb. for help； be occupied in；prepare for；the more , the more； be likely to do sth.; put forward；in advance；look forward to 第三步：连词成句1.How is everything going? 2.The Listening Test is

102、 scheduled to be held twice on January 8th, 2021. 3.With its approach, I was under growing pressure, so Im writing to turn to you for help. 4.Currently, we are occupied in preparing for the big test. 5.The more I practice, the more mistakes I am likely to make, which bothers me a lot. 6.Much as I pr

103、actice it, it doesnt work well. 7.There is limited time left. 8.Would you put forward some proposals to promote my listening? 9.Thank you in advance. 10.Looking forward to your earliest response. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系： Moreover2.表转折对比关系：However连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与

104、过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。第五步：润色修改【点睛】高分句型1The more I practice, the more mistakes I am likely to make, which bothers me a lot. (which引导非限制性定语从句)高分句型2Much as I practice it, it doesnt work well. (as引导让步状语从句，使用部分倒装)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Snowflakes dancing in the sky, it was an awfully c

105、old winter. Mary felt as gray as the sky outside. She struggled to get by the tough winter because her bills went up while her income went down. Her refrigerator sat empty. Her only food consisted of peanut butter, bread and bananas, only enough for two sandwiches. Worse still, it would be four days

106、 before she got paid. As Mary prepared to sit down and eat half of her remaining food, she heard a knock at the door. Who could it be on such a freezing night? Robbery scenes from films flashed across her mind. Then Mary shook her head and laughed at her foolish thought-no robber would choose her as

107、 a target. Opening the door, she saw a stranger standing outside, body trembling with cold. “Madam, sorry to disturb you, but Im lost and get stuck in the snow. Could you please spare a piece of bread? the stranger asked cautiously and politely in a weak but deep voice. “Im afraid not,” said Mary, “

108、but I could make you a peanut butter and banana sandwich.”“That sounds wonderful,” the stranger answered. Mind if I wait here on the porch?”“Yes, I do mind,” Mary replied, but you could come in and eat it at the table.”Not expecting both food and warmth, the stranger entered the house eagerly. Mary

109、hurried off to the kitchen for the last four pieces of bread, peanut butter, and bananas. In a few minutes, she returned and invited him to sit down to eat what she could offer. After eating, the man thanked and said goodbye to her. Looking outside, Mary hesitated a moment and said, If you dont mind

110、, you can sleep on the sofa.” That would be good enough, responded the man gratefully. Mary went into her room, and locked the door. The next morning, when she woke up, she remembered the man. How will I tell him I have nothing for breakfast? she asked herself. She dressed, unlocked, and opened the

111、door slightly. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。To her surprise, the man was nowhere to be seen. _Mary opened the envelope and found a letter. _【答案】To her surprise, the man was nowhere to be seen. Looking for him thoroughly once again, she confirmed that the stranger had left, without saying g

112、oodbye. Apparently, the “robber” had left without taking anything. Complaining of the mans impoliteness, Mary collapsed on the sofa where she put him up the night before, getting a little bit annoyed. With nothing left to eat, she sighed, Anyway, good luck to him! She got down to tidying up the sofa

113、 when an envelope lying on it came into her eyes.Mary opened the envelope and found a letter. It read, “It is harder to trust a stranger, especially when that stranger appears homeless. You have helped me restore faith in humanity so you deserve what you have received. Mary had no idea what the stra

114、nger meant until she saw a cheque worth $ 10,000. Tears of delight welled up in her eyes. As it turned out, the stranger, who got stuck in the heavy snow and turned to her for help, was a successful businessman. Gazing at the warm light cast through the window, she decided to pay the kindness forwar

115、d whatever the future would hold.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一个寒冷的冬天，玛丽度日艰难，这天晚上来了个陌生人说他迷路了，想让玛丽给他一块面包，还收留他过夜。结果第二天早上玛丽发现那个人不见了，但却留下了一封信。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“令她吃惊的是，那个人不见了。”可知，第一段可描写发现陌生人不见后玛丽的反应，她抱怨那个男人的无礼时，倒在了前一天晚上让他住过的沙发上，有点生气。由第二段首句内容“玛丽打开信封，看到一封信。”可知，第二段可描写信里的内容和信里的支票，以及玛丽的感悟。2.续写线索：陌生人不见了玛丽觉得对方无礼玛丽发

116、现信封读信发现支票玛丽感悟3.词汇激活行为类看见：come into ones eyes / catch sight of提供：put up/ provide求助于：turn to sb. for help/ ask for help情绪类无礼：impoliteness /be impolite成功：successful /with success【点睛】高分句型1 Looking for him thoroughly once again, she confirmed that the stranger had left, without saying goodbye. (运用了that引导宾语从句)高分句型2 Complaining of the mans impoliteness, Mary collapsed on the sofa where she put him up the night before, getting a little bit annoyed. (运用了where引导定语从句)