1、杭州市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（2）及答案【2015高考复习】阅读链接A Massachusetts woman who mistakenly threw away her diamond ring last week recovered the family heirloom(传家宝) after tracking down the garbage truck and searching through 10 tons of city trash bags.Joan Sawyer of Bedford said all her efforts paid_off after reali
2、zing she had dropped her diamond ring into her single trash bag among thousands of others.“I was in total panic，”Mrs Sawyer told WHDHTV，saying she thought shed never see the heirloom again.Her diamond ring dropped by accident in the trash can and she only realized after a dump truck had made a stop
3、at their house.“I said，Oh my God，its in the rubbish truck，”Mrs Sawyer recalled before calling the Allied Waste Service.Allied Waste Service was able to find the truck number exactly that had come to their door and tell them where it was heading.Mrs Sawyer and her husband waited for three hours watch
4、ing out for her 2444 truck to arrive.But to their mixed relief，it arrived，emptying 10 tons of trash in a room.Lucky enough to have the voluntary aid of Covanta workers who helped the Sawyers pick through the large amounts of black trash bags and other wastes，as her husband Bill Sawyer described，the
5、crew didnt have a rest until they found something glittering.“I said，Oh my God，thats my bag，I recognize something in it，”Mrs Sawyer recalled.Mr Sawyer began to tear the trash bag apart，and there，it appeared.“You could almost see the tears in her eyes；she was excited when she found it，”Ken Nydam of C
6、ovanta told WHDHTV.“And then everyone who helped out，they were just happy they got to see how happy she was and we were happy we could help them out，”he added.【语篇导读】美国马萨诸塞州的一位女士上周误将自己的一枚钻石戒指丢掉，在追着垃圾车翻遍10吨的城市垃圾后终于找回了她的这一传家珍宝。20Whats the main idea of the passage?AHow did Mrs Sawyer find her diamond ri
7、ng?BA diamond ring was recovered in 10 tons of trash.CA diamond ring dropped by accident in the trash can.DMany hands make light work.答案 B 主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道。这种题材的文章中心一般出现在首段。故B项合适。其余A，C，D都是细节，不合适。21What kind of help did Allied Waste Service offer?AHelping find out the exact trash truck.BHelping pick t
8、hrough the trash bags.CHelping find out the number of the right truck.DHelping keep an eye on the truck coming back.答案 C 细节理解题。根据第六段可知，废品公司能查到来他们家收垃圾的垃圾车的具体车牌号，并告知他们该车开向了哪里。A不符；B中是Covanta workers帮忙翻找垃圾；D中是索耶夫妇等垃圾车。故选C。22How did Mrs Sawyer feel when she realized she lost her diamond ring?AHappy.BExci
9、ted.CSurprised. DFrightened.答案 D 细节理解题。根据第三段“I was in total panic，”可知选D。23What does the underlined phrase“paid off”mean in Paragragh 2?Asucceeded BwastedCended Dcost答案 A 词义猜测题。根据下文可知，Mrs Sawyer是在意识到她把钻戒丢在垃圾袋中，通过翻找垃圾才找到了钻戒，所以，这里的意思是“所有的努力取得了成功，得到回报”。故选A。24What can we learn from the passage?AMrs Sawye
10、r was optimistic that she would find it soon at first.BShe realized she had dropped her ring in a trash truck at the very beginning.CIt didnt take the couple a long time to find out the very truck.DWith the help of other people，Mrs Sawyer found her lost ring finally.答案 D 推理判断题。根据第三段“she thought shed
11、 never see the heirloom again.”可知Mrs Sawyer对找回戒指不乐观，故A不符；根据第四段可知，Mrs Sawyer开始并没有意识到把戒指丢到垃圾车上了，故B不符；根据第七段可知，夫妇俩花了3个小时等垃圾车，故C不符；根据第八段可知，是在很多人的帮助下找到戒指的，故选D。阅读理解课堂练学案（3） Passage six (Dropouts for Ph. D. s) Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy c
12、andidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. It was based on 22,000 ques
13、tionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless. The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are no
14、t only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates. Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated because of the concern frequently expressed by graduate faculties and administ
15、rators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph. D. programs were capable of competing the requirement for the degree. Attrition at the Ph. D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expres
16、sed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complete the Ph. D. “The results of our research” Dr. Tucker concluded, “did not support these opinions.”Lack of motivation was the princi
17、pal reason for dropping out.Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialities.Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation. Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic rea
18、son for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph. D. program, lack of finan
19、ces was marked by 19 per cent. As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $ 20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D. s with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D. s shone in the $ 7,500 to $ 15,000 bracket with 78% at that l
20、evel against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields. As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main
21、 condition which would have to prevail for at least 25 % of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.1.The author states that many educators feel thatA steps should be t
22、aken to get the dropouts back to campus.the fropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their study.C the Ph. D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropout.D The high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation on the part of faculty members.2
23、.Research has shown thatA Dropouts are substantially below Ph. D. s in financial attainment.the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph. D. studies.C The Ph. D. candidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops out.D about one-third of those who start Ph. D. work
24、 do not complete the work to earn the degree.3.Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph. D.A is the most frequent reason for dropping out.is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidate.C is an essential part of many Ph. D. programs.D does not vary in difficulty
25、 among universities.4.After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding thatA optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree.a Ph. D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degree.C colleges and universities employ a
26、substantial number of Ph. D. dropouts.D Ph. D. s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions.5.It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies inA salary for Ph. D. too low.academic requirement too high.C salary for dropouts too high.D 1000 positions.Vocabularydropout 辍学者，中途退学w
27、ell-rounded 全面的attrition 缩/减员，磨损drain 枯竭bracket 一类人，（尤指按收入分类的）阶层lagging behind other fields 落后于其它领域glum 阴郁的难句译注Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s.【参考译文】教育工作者严重关注
28、博士生辍学的高比率；这对迫切需要博士生的国家是一个人才方面的严重损失。It was base on 22,000questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.【结构分析】sent过去分词，修饰questionnaires。Who定语从句修饰students。【参考译文】这份全面调查报告是以22000份调查表分送给以前在24所大学就读的博士生为基础的。这份全面调查报
29、告似乎说明过去许多担心害怕是没有根据的。Attrition at the Ph. D. lever is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity.【结构分析】被动句。To capacity满额，全力。【参考译文】博士水平的人员的缩减被认为是宝贵的教授时间的浪费和已经被使用到极限的大学资源的枯竭。This may also be an indication of the fact that top s
30、alaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.【结构分析】the fact的同位语that从句中的where是定语从句，修饰academic fields。【参考译文】这也可能表明这样一个事实：在博士能挣到最高工资的学术领域中，高工资仍然落后于其它领域。写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇论及“博士生辍学”的文章。采用对比和因果手法。文章一开始就提出教育工作者严重关注博士生辍学达50的问题。而调查报告证明
31、，只有31。辍学造成不良后果，有人建议中途退学者回炉再念博士学位学业。研究表明不行。列出理由并加以分析。答案详解1.A. 许多教育工作者感到应采取步骤让辍学者回校学习，特别是有些学科。这在第三段最后一句话：“有些人建议高级专家和大学教师短缺现象可以通过劝说辍学者返回校园完成博士学位来减少。”B. 辍学者应回到稍第几的学校去完成学业。 C. 有博士学位的人一般比辍学者具有较好的适应性。 D. 高辍学率主要原因在于教师方面缺乏刺激鼓励。这三项文内没有提。2.D.约三分之一开始就读博士学位的人没有完成学业取得学位。第二段第一句：“辍学率为31。大多数情况下，辍学人不能完成博士学位学业，就去从事生产性
32、工作”。A. 辍学者的经济收入比博士生低许多。这是错的。见倒数第二段：“作为辍学者干得真不错的证明，统计图表说明2人文学科的辍学者年收入为20000多没劲，没有一个同样背景的博士生达到这个数字。7000至15000美元年收入水平为博士生的78，辍学者仅为50。” B. 在博士学习中刺激因素较小。 C. 博士预备生如果中途退学很可能改变其专业领域。 3.C. 博士生应达到外语要求的水平是许多博士生课程的一个基本组成部分。这在第四段有所表示：“约75的退学者说，他们决定退学并不是处于学术的原因，而处于学术原因的退学者提出：难以通过资格考试，难以完成研究，通不过外语考试”。这里看出外语是博士生课程的
33、基本组成部分。A. 它是退学最频繁的原因。 B. 它对理科博士生比文科博士应考生更难。 D. 它在大学中的难度并没有不同。4.A. 读完这篇文章，人们不会有这种结论。这在第三段末和最后一段。第三段末：“我们研究的结果并不支持这些一件（包括返回校园之意见）：缺乏动力是退学的主要原因。大多数退学者在博士课程上已经达到和他们的能力水平和专业水平相一致的水平。大多数退学者现在从事的工作和他们所受教育和动机相一致。”最后一段：“至于返回校园的可能性，前景不乐观。至少有25的退学生可能考虑返回研究生院就读，条件是保证他们保留现有的收入水平，有些还要保留他们目前的工作。”B. 博士生退学者，大体而论，并不具
34、备得到学位所需要的一切。 C. 学院和大学雇佣了许多退学生。 D. 博士生在非学术岗位上没有挣到他们应得的钱。B.、C.两项文内没提。D.不对，参见难句译注4。5.A. 博士生的工资太低。见第四题A.的译注和难句译注4。B. 学术要求太高。这只是某些因学术原因辍学者之强调点。 C. 辍学者工资太高。不是太高而是有一部分高于博士生。见第二题D项注释。 D. 职位低。文内没有提。 广告型阅读理解-(一)TRAVEL GROUPS TO AUSTRALIA，NEW ZEALAND，FIJI： Group of 6 or more？Are you a member of a group or a so
35、ciety that likes to travel？Contact us for a price quote for your private group tour.Although our scheduled tours are for small groups，we can customize(订制) a tour for 6200 guests.Larger tours include free places for you and other extras.Plan a trip to your very own Australia or New Zealand.No group t
36、oo small or large.Planning a sorority(女生联谊会) reunion in Australia，professional organization trip，church or survivor travel to New Zealand，or a New Zealand garden tour？We would be happy to customize an itinerary(行程)for you，including the private minibus or motorcoach with a tour guide，hotels or B&Bs o
37、f your choice，and any sightseeing or meals you would like.We will do our best to design a unique tour just for you or your own group，others just like you who enjoy discovering special，unique hotels，and unusual inns，outstanding food，and cultural，literary and historical sites.We prefer to plan these t
38、ours in a relaxing manner，staying at two or three base locations from which you can visit places of interest and dont have to move luggage every day.What goes into an unforgettable tour of Australia？Lots of great scenery，for sure.Maybe an aboriginal dance，perhaps a conversation with a local shopkeep
39、er，or a shepherd walking his dogs.We pay attention to all the details so you can relax and enjoy your trip.If you dont know where to start，we have suggested itineraries for garden tours，wildlife，family travel and more.Do you allow children on your tours？Yes，however, the minimum age is 7 years on our
40、 tours.Call 18002212474 9 am6 pm MonFri Eastern Time or (516) 2482042 outside USA/CanadaAlthough we have provided as much information as possible on our website，we are happy to answer your questions directly on the phone.Sometimes，it is just easier to speak to one of us.We are awaiting your call.1.W
41、here is the travel agent?ANew Zealand. BAustralia. CCanada. DThe US.2The travel agent prefers to be contacted _Aonline Bby letterCby phone Din person3Which of the following is not true according to the passage?AFree places and other extras can be provided for larger groups.BAn aboriginal dance can b
42、e enjoyed in New Zealand.CThe group tour is mainly designed in a relaxing way.DThe sites and accomodation can be chosen by visitors.4Which of the following groups could have a special tour in the travel agent?AFive females who want to have a guide.BA school with 300 students.CA couple accompanied by
43、 their four teens.DThe children below 7 studying in the kindergarten.5Where can we most probably read this text?AIn a newspaper. BOn the Internet page.CIn a travel club. DIn a travel magazine.(一)【要点综述】 本文为一则广告。一家旅游公司就组团去澳大利亚、新西兰以及斐济旅游给出了一些要求、条件及联系方式。1D 细节理解题。由右边的公司的标志图里可看到公司的地址在美国。2C 细节理解题。由右边倒数第二段“
44、we are happy to answer your questions directly on the phone.”可知，公司情愿大家打电话联系。3B 细节理解题。由左边最后一段“Lots of great scenery, for sure. Maybe an aboriginal dance, perhaps a conversation with a local shopkeeper, or a shepherd working his dogs.”可知，在澳大利亚能看到土著人的舞蹈，而不是在新西兰。4C 推理判断题。由第一段“Although our scheduled tours are for small groups, we can customize(订制) a tour for 6200 guests.”以及右边“Yes, however the minimum age is 7 years on our tours. ”可知，6个人而且是7岁以上的团体能够定制一个适合自己的团队。5B 推理判断题。由右边第一幅图上的“Download Our Brochure”可推出，这应该是一个网上链接下载的图标，故选B项。