1、Grammar The Attributive Clause 一、 引导定语从句的关系代词 that which who whom whose that即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which指物，作主语或宾语。who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that, which, whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1. that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物 1) A plane is a machine that can fly. 主语2) The noodles that I looked were delicious.宾语3) Lets ask the man that i
2、s reading the book over there.主语4) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jims sister. 宾语）2. Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物1) They planted the trees which didnt need much water. (主语 ) 2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. （宾语）3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语)1) The foreigner who visited our school yester
3、day is from Canada.（主语）2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael.（主语） 3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （宾语） 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write . （宾语）4. whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy whos
4、e composition the teacher talked of . 3) This is the book whose cover is blue.NOTE1. 关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.2.当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用who，不用that. Those who want to go to the cinema will have t
5、o wait at the gate of the school. 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用who。Who is the man that is shouting there? She is not the girl that she used to be.3. 先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时，用whom或that（介词后不用 that）。The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. He is the student (wh
6、om, who, that) you want to see.关系代词that, which ,whom 在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。如上面第一句。4.下列情况只用that不用which引导定语从句。1）先行词是all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one, some 等不定代词。 Is there anything that I can do for you?2）先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the
7、only, the very, the right, 等所修饰时。The only thing that he could do was waiting. The last place that they visited was Beijing.3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the first film that Ive ever seen. The last place that they visited was Beijing. 4）先行词中既有人又有物时。 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and school
8、s that we had visited.真题解析1.The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who Key 解析：本题考察定语从句关联词的选择，从句意可知先行词the famous basketball star（著名的篮球明星）是人，所以应用表示人的关联词who。2. (2006 北京) Women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a gr
9、eater chance of having heart disease than those _dont. A who;/B /; whoC who; whoD /;/ Key: C 解析：本题考查两个定语从句，这两个定语从句都缺少主语，在定语从句中，如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语，关系代词不能省略，故答案选C。3. (2006 福建) Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A whose B which C of which D that Key A解析：whose在定语从句中做roof的定语，用
10、于修饰house.4. (2005 福建)- Is that the small town you often refer to? -Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. A that B which C where D what Key C 解析：从句中 you know是插入语，所以用where引导表示地点的定语从句。高考链接1. It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. 2007
11、四川卷 A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which2. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. 2007 北京卷 A. that B. which C. what D. whom3. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. 2007 江苏卷 A. after which B. after that
12、 C. in which D. in that4. The thought of going back home was _ kept him happy while he was working abroad2007 上海春 A. that B. all that C. all what D. which5. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. 2007 浙江卷 A. that B. which C. who D. where 6. Human fac
13、ial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. 07 重庆 A. with which B. to which C. of whichD.for which7. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. 2007 安徽卷 A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom8. Eric received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. 07辽宁A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this9. Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago. （2008 浙江卷） A. whom B. where C. that D. which