1、-1-Section Grammar-2-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 一 二 三 一、从文中找出下列句子,分析它们是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句 1.Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of“walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”.2.The power of the Yangtze River,which is t
2、he worlds third longest river,has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.3.The Three Gorges Dam,which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal,hasbeen built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of Chi
3、na.-3-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 一 二 三 4.Sun Yat-sen,who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution,firstsuggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919.5.More than a million people who lived in the region have moved from their homes.1.in which引导 定语从句。2.which引导 定语
4、从句。3.which引导 定语从句。4.who引导 定语从句。5.who引导 定语从句。限制性 非限制性 非限制性 非限制性 限制性 -4-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 一 二 三 二、用合适的关系词填空 1.Li Ping,is my good friend,does well in English.2.He went to Beijing,he became successful ten years later.3.His mother,he loved dearly,went abroad.4.This ma
5、chine,he has looked after for many years,is still working perfectly.5.Linda,parents had died,had to make a living by herself.6.We will put off the picnic until May 1st,well be free.who where who/whom which whose when -5-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 一 二 三 三、翻译下列句子 1.They wen
6、t to London,where they lived for six months.2.The letter is from my younger sister,who is working in Beijing.3.I saw a good film,which was about the Long March.4.His keys were left in the office,as was often the case.5.He suddenly fell ill,which prevented him from going to school.他们去了伦敦,在那里过了六个月。这封信
7、是我妹妹写来的,她在北京工作。我看了一部好电影,是有关长征的。他的钥匙被遗忘在办公室了,这是常事。他突然生病了,这使得他无法去上学。-6-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 1.If you take away the relative clauses,do the sentences stillmake sense?如果你把关系从句去掉,这些句子仍有意义吗?考点:make sense有意义;有道理 These sentences dont make sense to me.I cant understand t
8、hem.在我看来这些句子讲不通,我看不懂它们。考点延伸 阅读下列句子,体会sense的相关短语及含义 Can you make sense of this poem?你能理解这首诗吗?短语:make sense of 含义:理解的意义 -7-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 He has a sense of humour.他有幽默感。短语:have a sense of 含义:有感 There is no sense in arguing with him.He would not listen.和他争论没有
9、意义,他不会听的。短语:There is no sense in doing sth.含义:做某事是没有意义的 What you say is true in a sense.从某种意义上来讲,你说的是真的。短语:in a sense 含义:在某种意义上 In no sense shall I lose heart when faced with difficulties.在困难面前,我决不能失去信心。短语:in no sense 含义:决不 -8-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 完成句子1)这个材料我已经读了好几遍
10、了,但是还是一点也看不懂。I have readthe material several timesbut it doesnt make anysense me.2)我能明白你所说的。I can make sense what your said.3)那位世界名模一点也不漂亮。no sense isthat world-famousmodel beautiful.4)等三小时是不合理的。Theres no sense waitingthree hours.5)从某种意义上来说,他的幽默感很受欢迎。a sense,his sense humour is well received.答案:1)to
11、 2)of 3)In 4)in 5)In;of即学即用1 2-9-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 2.Grammar 考点一:非限制性定语从句 Our guide,who was a French Canadian,was an excellent cook.我们的向导擅长烹调,他是一个法裔加拿大人。These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,grow well.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,它们长势旺盛。-10-Section Grammar X INZH
12、I DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 考点延伸 1)由关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句,当先行词指人时,通常用who,whom,whose来引导;当先行词指物时,通常用which来引导。关系代词不可以省略。阅读下列句子,用适当的关系代词填空 Her mother,loved her very much,died last year.很爱她的母亲去年去世了。Football,is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.全世界的人们都在踢足球,这是一项非常有趣的运动。who which-11-Se
13、ction Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 Peter,you met in London,is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了,你在伦敦见过他。The boy,father is an engineer,studies very hard.那位小男孩学习很努力,他的父亲是位工程师。whom/who whose -12-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 2)由关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句,当先行词指地点时,用关系副词w
14、here来引导非限制性定语从句;指时间时,用when来引导。阅读下列句子,用适当的关系副词填空 Many children go to a day care centre,they are taken good care of.很多孩子上日间托儿所,在那儿他们受到很好的照顾。The story happened in 2000,she was still a child.那个故事发生在2000年,那时她还是个孩子。We walked down the village street,they were having market day.我们沿着村里的大街向前走去,村民们正在那里赶集。where
15、 when where -13-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 考点二:限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time.钟表是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。Mr Zhang,who came to see me yesterday,is an old friend of mine.张先生昨天来看我了,他是我的一位老朋友。-14-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONG
16、NAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 考点延伸 1)限制性定语从句对所修饰的词或主句加以限制,表示“的人(或东西)”,限制性定语从句描述的是主句不可缺少的一部分;非限制性定语从句对所修饰的词或主句没有限制作用,而只是补充、解释和说明,通常都有一个逗号把它和句子的其他部分分开,在译成中文时,这个从句常译成一个并列句。Miss Li is the person(who/that/whom)youve been expecting to meet.李小姐就是你一直想见的那个人。This is Miss Li,whom/who youve been expecting to meet.这位是李小姐,她
17、就是你一直想见的那个人。-15-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 2)在限制性定语从句中,that可代替who/whom/which,关系代词做宾语时可省略;在非限制性定语从句中,不能用that引导,关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。The person(that/who/whom)I just talked to is Tom.刚才和我谈话的那个人就是汤姆。There are 30 chairs in the hall,most of which are new.大厅里有30把椅子,大部分都是新的。3)当先行词是专
18、有名词或由物主代词和指示代词修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。This novel,which I have read twice,is very moving.这本小说很感人,我读了两遍。My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.我去年买的房子有一个漂亮的花园。-16-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 4)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。My son failed ag
19、ain in the exam,which makes me very angry.我儿子考试又不及格了,这让我很生气。He says he is the best of all,which causes them very unhappy.他说他是所有的人中最优秀的,这使他们很不高兴。注意:(1)关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。(2)as或which引导的非限制性定语从句,可以修饰整个主句或主句的一部分。as引导的非限制性定语从句还可以放在主句之前,而which引导的非限制性定语从句要放在主句之后。(3)as引导定语从句时,意为“正如”;which引导定语从句时,意
20、为“这就是”。-17-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 用as或which填空 has been announced,we should have our final exams next month.正如宣布的那样,我们下个月要进行期末考试。is known to all,smoking is harmful to our health.众所周知,吸烟有害健康。He turned out to be very successful,was beyond our expectation.结果他非常成功,这是我们
21、所没有预料到的。As As which -18-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 考点三:定语从句的省略 考点延伸 在有些含有定语从句的复合句中,由于句式结构复杂,不容易理解,这就需要使用省略形式,使复杂的结构更加简单化,这样可以更好地帮助我们理解。The boys helped the people(who were)hurt in the accident.那些男孩子救助了在事故中受伤的人们。The child(who is)playing is my brother.正在玩耍的小孩是我弟弟。-19-Sec
22、tion Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 考点延伸 1)在限制性定语从句中,当关系代词在从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。找出下列句子中可以省略的词 The dam that/which we saw in the film was the Three Gorges Dam.我们在那部电影中看到的大坝是三峡大坝。可以省略 The man that/who/whom I came across just now is my old friend.我刚刚遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。可以省略 that/which that/who/
23、whom -20-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 2)在限制性定语从句中,当关系代词在从句中做介词的宾语而介词在谓语动词之后时,关系代词可以省略。找出下列句子中可以省略的词 I have been looking for a man who/whom/that my father worked with 20 years ago.我一直在寻找20年前和我父亲一起工作的一个人。可以省略 He wanted to hold on to the house which/that his grandparents l
24、ived in.他不想卖掉他祖父母曾经住过的房子。可以省略 who/whom/that which/that -21-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2 3)有些定语从句可以缩略为各种短语,如分词短语、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语及动词不定式短语等,且句意不受影响。找出下列句子中可以省略的词 I have heard the report which was made by Professor Wang.我听过王教授做的报告。可以省略 I know the men who are sitting in that car.我认识坐在那辆汽车里的那些人。可以省略 You should not cut down the tree which was planted last spring.你不应该砍掉去年刚种的那棵树。可以省略 which was who are which was -22-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2-23-Section Grammar X INZHI DAOXUE新知导学 ZHONGNAN TANJIU重难探究 1 2