1、四川省雅安市2014高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练（7）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If t
2、his is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. Or is it?Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to ma
3、ke purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.Another problem is the appearance of items in reality
4、 is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue. Perhaps the w
5、isest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and
6、adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated (使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work you have taken to receive it!Without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. However, p
7、erhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.36. The author lists several questions in Para. 1 to .A. support online shopping B. collect answers from readersC. show his dislike of going shopping D. introduce the topic of the passage【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据用这些问题导入本段的主题，故选D。37. By w
8、hat can online shoppers avoid fraud?A. Using only trusted websites. B. Choosing big websites.C. Collecting shopping evidence.D. Seeking advice from the police.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子：Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation(名声).可知是使用值得信任的网站。故选A。38. What can we learn abo
9、ut online shopping from Para. 3?A. Its normal for a blue dress to change into green.B. We shouldnt believe product descriptions easily.C. Its usually wise for us to buy colorful products.D. Product appearances are sometimes not good.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Another problem is that the appearance of items i
10、n reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen.可知不要相信产品描述。选B。39. The author agrees with the fact that _.A. customers are never satisfied with productsB. online shopping is a safe way to make purchasesC. online shopping has nothing to do with global warmingD. delivery de
11、lay often makes online shoppers unhappy【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated(使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late !可知是顾客对送货迟了是很生气的。故选D。40. What is the authors attitude towards online shopping?A. Very popular. B. A wise choice. C. Not trouble free. D. A waste of t
12、ime.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据从最后一段可知网购是一个不是没有麻烦的，故选C。阅读理解-ARecognized as the largest desert in the world, the Sahara runs across North Africa, Covering over 3 million square miles from the Atlantic Coast to the Nile River Valley. Except for an occasional oasis(绿洲), this vast land is mainly made up of sand,
13、stones, and worn out mountains. The burning sun causes daytime temperatures to rise to 70 degrees in the shade, and days without rain commonly last for years.Paintings found on the walls of caves in the Sahara Desert suggest that a few thousand years ago, large quantities of plants grew there and co
14、vered the desert floor. Many curious and unusual insects, birds and animals got enough food that allowed them to grow and reproduce. At that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities(社团，社区) where a large number of people lived.Research scientists believe that the land bec
15、ame a desert for several reasons. For centuries people there have wandered from place to place in search of food, water and grazing(吃草)land for their animals. These people have always considered the number of animals they have as a sign of wealth. It is considered more important to have 100 sick and
16、 starving animals than 15 healthy ones. The large herds(群)have been allowed to go freely and graze on desert plants and grass. Over time, large sections of land have been left uncovered. In addition to allowing overgrazing, these people cut down whatever trees they could find and used them for firew
17、ood. The sand was unable to hold on to the great heat of the day, so nightting temperatures often drop below freezing and nothing was left to hold the soil together.Scientists have been studying different ways to bring back the green desert. Through research and experiments, they hope to be able to
18、produce plants that will once again support the life there. Huge holes filled with much water lie under the desert surface. Scientists believe this rainwater simply flew down through the sand over hundreds of years and collected in the big, rocky holding tanks. By making use of the suns power, scien
19、tists in the Sahara have made experiments in which they got huge amount of electricity. This electricity was then used to operate drilling machines and pumps to pull the rainwater from the underground tanks. By drilling the hole one mile deep into the floor of the desert, one machine was able to rec
20、over more than 80 gallons of icecold water each second, or 288,000 gallons per hour.Scientists have had some success turning this wasteland into useful farmland. Today the desert is dotted with huge wheat fields watered by a system of pipes that carry water from the underground tanks. Farmers have a
21、lso learnt that plants grow better if seeds are planted next to stones. Studies show that stones provide protection from the sun, allowing seeds to grow in a shady and cool environment. In addition to that, greenhouses have been built to protect plants from the sunshine so that less water is needed.
22、 Another idea is to grow plants that can live on a diet of salt water, since the ocean is so near to the desert.1. What will probably happen if the local people continue their customs and traditions?A. The desert will continue to be enlarged.B. Tourists will begin traveling to North Africa.C. More o
23、ases will begin to appear across the desert.D. The number of healthy animals will become larger. 答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合前三段可知，撒哈拉沙漠原本是绿洲，后由于人类过度放牧（overgrazing）、滥砍乱伐（these people cut down whatever trees they could find ）导致了沙漠的形成和扩大，因此可以推断，如果当地人继续沿袭他们的老传统，会导致沙漠继续扩大。故答案为A。2. Which of the flowing statements
24、 is a fact presented in the passage?A. The desert is rich in beautiful color and scenery.B. Camels can go for days without drinking any water.C. The Sahara will one day become a beautiful garden.D. Large river systems once supported many communities.答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。考生需看清题意，要求选择与原文符合的事实。由第二段最后一句话 “A
25、t that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities where a large number of people lived.”可知，答案为D。由第一段 “Except for an occasional oasis, this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains.”可知，A选项错误；B选项未提及；C选项也不是事实。故答案为D。3. The author of the passage provi
26、des evidences (证据)that scientists are .A. pleased by the progress but do not have the money to continueB. discouraged by the poor results of their experiments C. hopeful about the chances of life coming back to the desertD. troubled by the lack of water found underground 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后两段可知，科学家
27、一直在研究让沙漠变绿洲的办法，并且已经付诸实践，取得了一定的成效，故可推断，科学家满怀希望想使撒哈拉沙漠恢复生机。故答案为C。4. Which of the following is the best summary of this passage?A. Drilling machines help to water the desert floor and make plants and animals alive.BScientists have been able to turn this large wasteland into a successful farming communi
28、ty.C. So much soil has become sand that the desert will never be able to support life as it once did.D. The desert no longer supports plenty of life, but researchers hope to change it with new scientific techniques. 答案解析：答案为D。本题为主旨大意题。本文揭示了撒哈拉沙漠形成的原因，重点是介绍科学家依靠科学技术试图让这片沙漠变成绿洲的方法。故答案为D。Passage Thirte
29、en (The Neutrality of American in the Early World War II)The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on r
30、eligion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitlers atrocities, the American people generally fav
31、ored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.American opinion began to change somewhat after President
32、Roosevelts “quarantine the aggressor” speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized Hitlers policies. Germanys seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude
33、 awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August,1939 came the shock of the Nazi-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The
34、Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or len
35、d materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister
36、 Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.1.One item oc
37、curring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the American public wasA the burning of the Reichstag.German plans for conquest.C Nazi barbarism.D the persecution of religious groups.2.The Lend-Lease Act was designed toA help the British.strengthen the nati
38、onal defense of the United States.C promote the Atlantic Charter.D avenge Pearl Harbor.3.American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as beingA watchful.isolationist.C peaceful.D indifferent.4.The Neutrality Act of 1939A permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.antagonized
39、 Japan.C permitted the British to trade only with the Allies.D led to Lend-Lease Act.5.We entered the war against GermanyA because Germany declared war.because Japan was an ally of Germany.C after Germany had signed the Nazi-soviet Pact.D after peaceful efforts had failed.Vocabulary1.Reich 帝国，尤指第二次世
40、界大战前及大战期间的德国2.atrocity 凶残，残暴3.belligerent 好战的，交战国的4.discretion 判断力，自行裁决，谨慎5.empower 赋予权力6.embargo 禁运，封港7.quarantine 停船检疫，隔离，封锁，使孤立8.partition 分割，瓜分9.menace 威胁，危险10.repeal 废除，取消11.overage destroyer 旧式驱逐舰12.unprovoked 无缘无故的，非因触犯而发生的13.Neutrality Acts 中立法令14.Munich Pact 慕尼黑公约15.draft act 征兵法16.Lend Lea
41、se Act 租借法17.Atlantic Charter 大西洋公约18.Pearl Harbor 珍珠港写作方法与文章大意文章讲述了第三帝国成立，美国由中立到宣战的一段历史。采用按年代先后进行叙述的写作手法。文章一开始就点明主题：“第三帝国的成立影响了美国历史，从一系列事情开始，最终导致德国和美国交战。”答案详解1.A帝国大厦焚毁，众所周知，这是纳粹希特勒精心策划的一次政治阴谋，旨在迫害德国共产党。B. 德国征服计划。C. 纳粹之残暴。D. 迫害宗教团体。在文中都提到。见第一段第二句“民主的全面摧毁、对犹太人的迫害、摧残宗教、纳粹的残忍和野蛮，特别是德国及其盟国意、日、征服世界的计划激起美
42、国极大愤怒，也带来了对又一次世界大战的恐惧。”2.B 加强美国国防。见第二段导数第五句“1941年的租借法规定：总统对他认为保卫美国所需要的国家有权卖给、交换或借给他们物资。”A. 帮助英国，不对。C. 促进大西洋公约。大西洋公约是1941年8月，罗斯福和邱吉尔会面后的联合公告。D. 报复珍珠港。是1941年日本发起袭击的报复。3.B 与世隔绝。这在第一段第三句“美国人民虽然反对希特勒的凶残等事，他们一般还是喜欢孤立（与世隔绝的）政策和保持中立。1933年和1936年的中立条约规定：禁止和交战国双方贸易和借贷。”A. 观察的。C. 和平的。D. 不正确的。4.A 允许把武器卖给交战国。答案在第二段第六句“1939年的中立条约取消了武器禁运，允许进行现钞交易出口武器给交战国。”B. 和日本敌对。C. 允许英国只能和其盟国贸易。D. 导致租借条约。5.A 因为德国宣战。这在第一段已有说明。尽管希特勒坏事做尽，美国还是倾向于中立政策。第二段罗斯福在芝加哥的演讲，态度稍有改变。严厉批评希特勒的政策，但仍然以中立为主。1941年日本袭击珍珠港，不久德国宣战，美国才不得不参战。