1、专题一 记叙文型阅读简答 专题一 记叙文型阅读简答 专题导读专题一 专题导读 记叙文(含夹叙夹议文)是湖南高考阅读简答的主要体裁之一。其主要特点是以记叙为主，辅以各种综合表达方法，包括描写、说明、议论和抒情等。通过对人和事的描写表达作者的思想感情和文章的中心思想。记叙的要素包括时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果，即我们常说的五个w(who，what，when，where，why)；记叙文的另一特点就是有一定的叙事线索，如：人物线索(人物的经历、见闻、感受等)、事件线索(中心事件的来龙去脉)、感情线索(作者或作品中主要人物的思想感情变化)、时间线索、地点和空间线索等。作者在叙述过程中往往会
2、融入对人物的语言、专题一 专题导读 行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。这时，考生必须理清上下文的脉络，对人物的语言、行为、心理等给出合理的想象和推理，并仔细揣摩作者的用意，从而透彻理解文意，达到对语境的准确理解，这样才能准确有效而快速地找到答题所需的有效信息句。真题典例专题一 真题典例 2011湖南卷 My First Long Run Two weeks ago,I had a quarrel with my husband.After he had driven off in anger,I realized that I wasnt going to feel a
3、ny better just sitting there.Feeling abandoned and guilty,I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.Our driveway has a slope(斜坡)that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy,taking advantage of gravity.Instead of stopping at the end of the slope,I decided to see if I could just jog 专题一 真题典例 to t
4、he end of the street.I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably.Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter,but still very lazy.However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.After about one
5、kilometer,however,I noticed that my upper body was tense.To make the movement easier,I had to relax my body,and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.I kept giving myself the excuse to keep.No one would be disappointed.No one would even know.But I didnt stop.I wanted to keep going harder,better,专题
6、一 真题典例 stronger.To my great surprise,I ran 4.9 km in 31 minutes.When I got back,I had tears in my eyes.I did something I thought I could never do.It was the first long run of my life.Since then,I have improved my stride(步幅)and time.After every run I feel fitter,happier and motivated to keep progress
7、ing.I love the runners high.I normally jog because I want to look good.I want to run because it makes me feel good.1Why did the author feel guilty?(No more than 9 words)_ 专题一 真题典例 2What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago?(No more than 11 words)_ 3What excuses did the author keep gi
8、ving herself to stop?(No more than 9 words)_ 4How is running different from jogging to the author？(No more than 14 words)_ 专题一 真题典例 【解析】本文为记叙文。主要讲述作者与丈夫争吵之后第一次“长跑”及从中得到感悟的故事。1She had a quarrel with her husband.根据第一段Two weeks ago,I had a quarrel with my husband.After he had driven off in anger,I real
9、ized that I wasnt going to feel any better just sitting there.Feeling abandoned and guilty,I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.可判断作者感到内疚是因为与丈夫争吵，由此可判断作答。2She failed to jog to the end of the street.根据第二段Instead of stopping at the end of the slope.I decided to see if I could just jog to the en
10、d of the street.I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably.可判断作答。专题一 真题典例 3No one would be disappointed or even know.根据第四段I kept giving myself the excuse to stop.No one would be disappointed.No one would even know.But I didnt stop.可判断作答。4Running makes her feel good while jogging makes her loo
11、k good.根据最后一段I normally jog because I want to look good.I want to run because it makes me feel good.可判断作答。新题预测专题一 新题预测 (一)John and Bobby joined a wholesale company together just after graduation from college the same year.Both worked very hard.After several years,however,the boss promoted Bobby to t
12、he position of manager but John remained an ordinary worker.John couldnt take it anymore,gave his resignation(辞呈)to the boss and complained that the boss didnt value hardworking workers,but only promoted those who flattered(奉承)him.专题一 新题预测 The boss knew John worked very hard for the years.He thought
13、 for a moment and said,“Thank you for your criticism,but I have a request.I hope youll do one more thing for our company before you leave.Perhaps youll change your mind and take back your resignation.”John agreed.The boss asked him to go and find out anyone selling watermelon on the market.John went
14、 and returned soon.He said he had found out a man selling watermelon.The boss asked how much per kg?John shook his head and went back to the market to ask and returned to tell the boss$1.2 per kg.专题一 新题预测 Boss told John to wait a second,and he called Bobby to come to his office.He asked Bobby to go
15、and find anyone selling watermelon on the market.Bobby went,returned and said,“Boss,only one person selling watermelon.$1.2 per kg,and$10 for 10 kg.He has 340 melons in all,58 of which are on the table.Every melon weights about 2 kg.Bought from the South two days ago,theyre fresh and red,good qualit
16、y.”John was very impressed and realized the difference between himself and Bobby.He decided not to resign but to learn from Bobby.专题一 新题预测 My dear friends,chances exist in the daily details.For the same matter,a more successful person sees more and farther so that he can find out an opportunity and
17、catch it to achieve his aim.1Why did John write a resignation to his boss？(No more than 12 words)_ 2Why did the boss tell John and Bobby to go to the market to find anyone selling watermelon?(No more than 12 words)_ 专题一 新题预测 3What was Johns final decision?(No more than 7 words)_ 4According to the st
18、ory,what should we do to be more successful?(No more than 15 words)_ 专题一 新题预测 【解析】1Because the boss promoted Bobby but he remained an ordinary worker.根据第一段After several years,however,the boss promoted Bobby to the position of manager but John remained an ordinary worker.可判断作答。2To make John find out
19、the difference between himself and Bobby.根据倒数第二段John was very impressed and realized the difference between himself and Bobby.可判断作答。3Not resigning but learning from Bobby.根据倒数第二段He decided not to resign but to learn from Bobby.可判断作答。专题一 新题预测 4 We should see more and farther to be able to find out an
20、 opportunity.根据最后一段For the same matter,a more successful person sees more and farther so that he can find out an opportunity and catch it to achieve his aim.可判断作答。专题一 新题预测 (二)Last year I lived in Chile for half a year as an exchange student with the American Field Service.Compared to most visitors,I
21、 didnt travel much.I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager.I went to school every day,in uniform.I had good days and bad days and days that I didnt understand.Chuquicamata,my host community,was a mining camp,whose life condition was terrible.When I arrived
22、here,I was scared.Here there were lost dogs on the streets,and a constant cloud of brick-colored dust came from the mine.There was no 专题一 新题预测 downtown,few smoothly paved streets,and little to do for amusement.Rain was a rare phenomenon;earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.I had studied Spanish
23、for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class.But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and desperate for one person to whom I could explain my shock.I couldnt speak the thoughts in my headand there were so many.Most exchange students experience this
24、 like me.Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression toward the people to lack of appetite or weight gain and depression.I was 专题一 新题预测 required to overcome all difficulty.Being an exchange student isnt easy.As time passed,everything changed.I began to forget words in Engli
25、sh and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food.I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun.Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people.And I took math,physics,chemistry,biology,Spanish,art,and philosophyfor which I received half a credit in global studies.But the sacrifices were nothing
26、compared to the gain.I learned how to accept and to achieve success in another culture.I now have a much deeper understanding of both myself and others.专题一 新题预测 1Why did the writer come to Chile last year？(No more than 8 words)_ 2What about Chuquicamata made the writer feel frightened？(No more than
27、6 words)_ 3What did the writer think difficult as an exchange student?(No more than 5 words)_ 4What is the passage mainly about?(No more than 9 words)_ 专题一 新题预测 【解析】1To study there as an exchange student.根据第一段Last year I lived in Chile for half a year as an exchange student with the American Field S
28、ervice.可判断作答。2The terrible living conditions there./Its terrible living conditions.根据第二段Chuquicamata,my host community,was a mining camp,whose life condition was terrible.When I arrived here,I was scared.可判断作答。3Dealing with culture shock.根据第四段Most exchange students experience this like me.Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased 专题一 新题预测 aggression toward the people to lack of appetite or weight gain and depression.I was required to overcome all difficulty.Being an exchange student isnt easy.可判断作答。4The writers experience of studying in Chile.综合全文可判断。