1、Unit 4Earthquakes.重点单词聚焦1Without_(电)，life would not be so convenient today.答案：electricity2Dont mention it again，or it will remind her of the_(痛苦) she has gone through.答案：suffering3When he got up，the ground_(震动) and cracked under his feet.答案：shook/quaked4After the war they saved those who were alive
2、and _(埋葬) the dead.答案：buried5They were_(困住) in a deep hole and couldnt get out.答案：trapped6The firemen_(营救) hundreds of people shortly after the earthquake.答案：rescued7She_(突然，爆发) into tears at the news that his father had passed away.答案：burst8On arriving there，we offered our_(祝贺) to him on his succes
3、s.答案：congratulations9He knows only a little English so he cant_(表达) himself fluently.答案：express10Its wrong of you to take_(躲避) under the tree in the storm.答案：shelter.重点短语扫描1right 立刻，马上2 an end 结束；终结3dig 掘出；发现4think of 考虑的少，满不在乎5lose 失去希望6as 仿佛；好像7in 严重受损；破败不堪8a (great) of 许多，大量的9tens of of 数以万计的10be
4、 of 以而自豪awayatoutlittlehopeifruinsnumberthousandsproud.课文原句突破1仿佛到了世界末日！_ _ _ _the world was at an end!答案：It seemed as if2死伤人数达到40多万。_ _ _people who were killed or injured _more than 400,000.答案：The number of；reached3他们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。_they looked nearly everything was destroyed.答案：Everywhere4并没有丧失
5、所有的希望。_hope was_lost.答案：All；not5解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者埋葬。The army organized teams to_ _ _ _ _ _ and to _ _ _.答案：dig out those who were trapped；bury the dead6正如你所知，这是那场地震发生的日子。_ _ _，this is the day the quake happened.答案：As you knowburst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发教材原句P26：In the city，t
6、he water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。He couldnt help bursting into tears when he heard the bad news.当他听到这个坏消息时情不自禁泪流满面。We all thought his heart would burst with happiness.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来了。He burst into the room without knocking at the door.他没敲门就闯进房间。1.完成句子她一听到迈克尔杰克逊死
7、亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。Hardly had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she _.答案：burst out crying/burst into tearsinjure vt.损害；伤害教材原句P26：Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。While crossing the road，an old man was knocked down by a car and badly injure
8、d.过马路时，一位老人被汽车撞倒且严重受伤。Your words may injure her pride.你的话也许会伤她的自尊。The injured were taken to the hospital.受伤者被送进了医院。辨析：injure，hurt与woundinjure伤害，特指意外伤害hurt受伤的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害wound通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害2.用表“伤害”的词填空：(1)What really_me was that he never answered my letter.(2)About 50 peo
9、ple were seriously_ in the attack.(3)Two men were seriously _ trying to save a 5yearold girl from the burning building.答案：(1)hurt (2)wounded(3)injuredruin nU 毁坏；毁灭；崩溃；n.C(pl.)废墟；遗迹；v.(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭教材原句P26：In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。(1)be in ruins成为废墟b
10、ring.to ruin使毁灭；使没落come/fallto/into ruin灭亡；荒废(2)ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉Some prewar constructions were abandoned and eventually fell/came to ruin.一些战前建筑被遗弃，并最终成为废墟。A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins.可怕的地震使全城成为一片废墟。His hope of winning a gold medal in the 11th Na
11、tional Games ruined because of his carelessness.由于粗心他在11届全运会上获一枚金牌的希望破灭了。As is known to us，heavy smoking ruins our health.众所周知，吸烟过量毁坏身体健康。3.“If you go on stealing，you will_your bright future，young man！” said the judge.Adestroy BdamageCruin Dbreak解析：这几个动词中，ruin可表示对抽象事物的毁坏，如毁掉“希望，理想，前程”等。答案：C4_is no w
12、onder that the building is_now；it was so big a fire last night.AIt；in ruins BThat；in ruinsCThere；in ruins DIt；in ruin解析：“It is no wonder that.”是固定句式，表示“难怪”；be/lay in ruins是固定短语，意为“成为废墟”。答案：Abury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入教材原句P26：The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury t
13、he dead.救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并掩埋死者。Their ambitions were finally dead and buried.他们的雄心壮志最终被埋葬了。Since she left，hes buried himself in his work.自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。Buried/Absorbed in his study，he didnt know that all the others had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。She sat there，buried in thought.她坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。5.完成句子Heari
14、ng her only son killed in the accident，the old woman_(双手掩面) and cried.答案：buried her face in her hands6_deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal.ABurying BBuriedCTo bury DHaving buried解析：bury与句子主语forests之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句意为：深深地埋在地下，枯死的林木慢慢腐烂变成了煤。答案：Bjudge v断定；判断；判决；n.裁判
15、员；法官；评判员教材原句P30：Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五个裁判听你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。I cant judge whether he is right or wrong.我不能断定他是对还是错。Judging from his expression，he was satisfied with my work.从他的表情判断，他对我的工作很满意。As far as I can judge，it is
16、 he rather than you is to blame.据我判断，是他而不是你该受责备。In my judgement，it is necessary to pay him a visit.在我看来，有必要去拜访一下他。7._to be the best student，Lucy received a scholarship，which made her parents very delighted and satisfied.AJudging BJudgedCTo judge DBeing judged解析：句意为：被认为是最好的学生，露西获得了奖学金，这使父母非常高兴和满意。jud
17、ge与主语Lucy之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。答案：B8I havent read all of his books before，but_from the one I have read，I think hes a very promising writer.Ajudged BjudgingCdetermining Ddetermined解析：judging from.是固定短语，常在句中作状语。不管它与主语是主动还是被动关系，都要用judging from形式。答案：Bat an end结束；终结教材原句P26：It seemed as if the world was at an
18、 end!好像世界末日到了。The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。By the end of last year，he had learned two thousand English words.到去年底为止，他已学了2 000个英语单词。They decided to put an end to the quarrel.他们决定结束争吵。Being out of work and having two young children，they found it impos
19、sible to make ends meet.他们失业了，还要养活两个小孩，他们发现无法维持起码的生活。9.Hes going to relax with friends once the exams are_and he has exciting plans for the summer holidays.Aat the end Bby the endCin the end Dat an end解析：be at an end表示“结束，终结”，符合句意。at the end (of)在(的)末端；by the end (of)到()结束时；in the end最后。答案：Da (great
20、) number of许多；大量教材原句P26：Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。修饰可数名词a large/great/good number of，a good/great many，quite a few，dozens of，scores of，many a单数可数名词修饰不可数名词a good/great deal of，a large amount of，quite a little修饰可数或不可数名
21、词a lot of，lots of，a large quantity of，large quantities of，plenty of表示“许多”的短语可分为三类：A large number of people applied for the job.许多人申请了这份工作。Because of the economic crisis，a great number of workers were out of work.由于经济危机，大量工人失去工作。Helen has a great many friends indeed，but she does not think she has any
22、 she can believe in.海伦固然有许多朋友，可是她认为没有一个是可以信任的。The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.大城市里大量丰富的食品给这个来自小山村的穷苦的小女孩留下了深刻的印象。(1)a number ofpl.n.作主语，谓语动词用复数，“许多；大量”。the number ofpl.n.作主语，谓语动词用单数，“的数目”。如果说“数量多少”，要用large，small或high，low，不用many，
23、few。(2)large quantities ofpl.n./Un.作主语，谓语动词用复数。large amounts ofUn.作主语，谓语动词用复数。The number of homeless people has increased rapidly.无家可归的人数迅速增加。Large quantities of clean water are badly needed in the flooded area.洪灾地区急需大量清洁的水。10.(全国高考)As you can see，the number of cars on our roads_rising these days.Aw
24、as keeping BkeepCkeeps Dwere keeping解析：句意为：正如你所见，目前道路上汽车的数量在不断增加。the number of作主语时，谓语动词用单数，可排除B、D；再根据时间状语these days 可知描述的是现在的情况，所以选C。答案：C11_children whose parents had died in the earthquake_sent to live with families in other cities.AA great number of；was BA great number of；wereCThe great number of；
25、was DThe great number of；were解析：a great number of许多，后加可数名词复数形式，谓语动词用复数。答案：BIt seemed as if the world was at an end!似乎世界末日来临了！as if是连词词组，意为“好像、好似”，相当于as though，一般用于句型It looks/seems as if.中，其意思是“看起来好像”。如果所引导的从句表示的情况接近事实，句子要用陈述语气。He acts (acted) as if (as though) he were an expert.他表现得就像个专家。They talked
26、 as if (as though) they had been friends for years.他们谈起话来就像多年的老朋友。He treats me as if I were a stranger.他待我如同陌生人。Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain.Lets hurry up.看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。She walke
27、d here and there on the playground as if (she was) looking for something.她在操场上来回走，好像在找什么东西。The old man was lying on the ground as if (he was) hurt badly.老人躺在地上，好像伤得很厉害。He opened his mouth as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。12.(全国高考)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it_yesterday.Awas happening
28、BhappensChas happened Dhappened解析：考查虚拟语气。由as if引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，再结合前面的remembers 可知与现在事实相反，因此用一般过去时。答案：D13_seemed that she was not interested in the topic they were talking about.AThere BItCShe DThey解析：seem后面跟从句时，其主语应为it。答案：BAll hope was not lost.Not all hope was lost.并没有丧失所有的希望。该句为不完全否定，也可称之为部分否定。当not与a
29、ll，every，everyone，everything，both连用时，皆表示不完全否定。All these books are not popular with people.这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。Not all my friends smoke.我的朋友并不都吸烟。Everyone is not here.并不是人人都在这里。no，none，no one，neither表示全部否定。None of us was allowed to go there.我们全都不让去那里。Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first vi
30、sit to the Great Wall.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。14.(2010江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is_like swimming as a means of keeping fit.Asomething BanythingCnothing Deverything解析：句意为：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。本题考查不定代词。根据上文可知，空格处需要一个表示否定意义的词，所以C为答案。答案：C15I agree with most of what you said，but I
31、dont agree with_.Aeverything BanythingCsomething Dnothing解析：句意为：我同意你说的大部分，但是我不同意全部。not.everything并非都。答案：A.选词填空judge from；a number of；as if；right away；burst out crying；dig ou 1On seeing the frightening scene，the little girl was so frightened that she _.答案：burst out crying2She loves the boy_she were h
32、is mother.答案：as if3Although _people were invited to his wedding，the number of people who actually came was small.答案：a number of4More than a dozen people_of the ruins were still alive.答案：dug out5Hearing the news that his mother was ill in hospital，he rushed to the hospital_.答案：right away6_his accent，
33、we know that he is from the south.答案：Judging from.完成句子1他太激动了，以至于无法表达他对警察们的感激之情。He was_excited_his thanks to the policemen.答案：too；to express2他是那么地受欢迎，不论到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。He is _popular_he is well welcome everywhere he goes.答案：so；that3这座城堡在战争中被彻底毁坏了，现在已是一片废墟。The castle was_in the war and now it is_.答案：destro
34、yed；in ruins4她待他如陌生人，这让他很伤心。She treats him_he _a stranger，which makes him very sad.答案：as if；were5听到战争结束的消息，人们欢呼雀跃起来。At the news that the war_，people cheered and jumped with joy.答案：was at an end6图书馆遗失了很多书，因此学校决定采取一些措施。_books in the library are lost，so the school has decided to take some action.答案：A g
35、reat number of.语法专练本单元语法定语从句()1(2010全国卷)I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault.AwhoBthatCas Dwhat解析：句意为：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。先行词在从句中作主语，而且为不定代词something，关系词只能用that。答案：B2(2010重庆卷)In China，the number of cities is increasing_development is recognized across the
36、 world.Awhere BwhichCwhose Dthat解析：句意为：在中国，城市的数量在快速地增加，其发展被世界所公认。考查定语从句。先行词为cities，代入定语从句后为：The cities development is recognized across the world.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。答案：C3(2011安徽“江南十校”联考)When did your cousin begin to show his interest in medicine?It was a Saturday_he noticed his uncle experime
37、nting on a frog in his lab.Athat BwhatCwhen Dwhich解析：考查定语从句。解答有关定语从句题目的关键是：先找出先行词，然后把先行词代入从句中，判断其在从句中的地位和作用。该定语从句的先行词是a Saturday，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when。该题考生常误选that，认为是强调句型。答案：C4(2011东北三校联合模拟)There are 51 students in Class Three，_failed in the test.Aall of which Ball of themCnone of whom Dnone of them解析：考查定语从句。后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，应用whom引导。因为前后两句之间没有并列连词，所以B、D两项不正确。答案：C5(2011济南高考模拟)The time is drawing near_food raised in Space will directly benefit mankind.Awhere BwhenCwhether Dwhy解析：考查定语从句。句意为：在太空种植的食物直接使人类受益的时刻快要来了。when引导的定语从句修饰先行词the time。答案：B