1、Unit 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS教学知识细解码 返首页课时分层作业2 1contradict vt.与发生矛盾，与抵触adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的2vt.使感染；传染n感染；传染3prove vt.证明；检验n证据；证明；检验4intervene vi.干涉；干预n介入；出面；干涉contradictoryinfectinfectionproofintervention返首页课时分层作业3 1suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 adj.可疑的；不可信的I suspect(that)you once thought other
2、wise.返首页课时分层作业4 Two suspects are now being interrogated in connection with the killing.His reason for being absent is suspect.n.犯罪嫌疑人adj.可疑的返首页课时分层作业5 2blame vt.把归咎于；责怪；指责n责备；指责He bears the blame of his brother.You can hardly blame Peter for being angry with her.Whenever something goes wrong，everyon
3、e blames it on me.n.责备；指责vt.责怪；指责vt.把归咎于返首页课时分层作业6 3handle n把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)You have to turn the handle and then pull it towards you.A label on the crate read：“Handle with care”Garden tools can be dangerous if carelessly handled.n.把手；拉手vt.处理；搬动vt.操纵；使用返首页课时分层作业7 4link n联系；纽带vt.把连接起来；相关联
4、The road links all the new towns.Scientists have established possible links between cancer and diet.vt.把连接起来n.联系返首页课时分层作业8 The two countries have successfully solved the boundary issue，which now has become a link of friendship between the two peoples.返首页课时分层作业9 5decrease n减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少
5、；减小；降低The population began to decrease.They decreased the size of the group from 25 to 15.There has been some decrease in imports.vi.减少；减小；降低vt.减少；减小；降低n.减少；降低返首页课时分层作业10 Words And Phrases知识要点1 once and for all最终地；彻底地(教材P2)However，he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.然而，他从未放弃
6、彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。返首页课时分层作业11 例1 He will explain it fully once and for all.他将把它充分地解释一次，就此了结。例2 The teacher has warned the student once and for all.那位老师已断然警告那个学生。返首页课时分层作业12 翻译 我最后一次警告你。如果你不停止纠缠我，你将来会后悔的。_，if you dont stop disturbing me，youll be regretful.Im warning you once and for all返首页课时分层作业13 知识拓展all at
7、 once 突然；同时at once 立刻，马上once and again 一而再，再三返首页课时分层作业14 即学即练 单句语法填空We have to resolve this matter once for all.All once there was someone knocking on the door.He was punished once again for telling lies.andatand返首页课时分层作业15 知识要点2 subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)(教材P2)Snow subscribed to the second t
8、heory.斯诺赞同第二种理论。例1 He subscribed for 1，000 shares.他认购一千股。例2 I subscribed to that magazine.It is put out every week.我订阅了那本杂志，它是周刊。返首页课时分层作业16 翻译 我十分赞同那个观点。I heartily subscribe to that view返首页课时分层作业17 知识拓展subscribe to 同意；赞成；订阅subscribe.to.把捐赠给；把签署在上返首页课时分层作业18 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子In order to improve his d
9、aughters English，he subscribed English Weekly.He subscribed his name the contract.If you，itll be delivered to your door.如果你订阅这个报纸，它会给你送货上门的。totosubscribe to the newspaper返首页课时分层作业19 小片段填空We applied for some magazines useful for our work.The department manager it and the application form.我们申请订阅几本对我们的
10、工作有益的杂志，部门经理同意了这一请求，并在申请表上签上了他的名字。subscribed his name tosubscribing tosubscribed to返首页课时分层作业20 知识要点3(教材P2)Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame斯诺怀疑是水泵的问题。(1)suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象返首页课时分层作业21 例 1 I suspect him to know everything about that.我猜想那件事他全都知道了。例 2 She had no reason to
11、suspect that Sylvia had not told the truth.她没有理由怀疑西尔维娅没说实话。翻译 警察怀疑钱是他偷的。The police suspect him of having taken the money返首页课时分层作业22 知识拓展suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事suspect sb.to be.怀疑某人是返首页课时分层作业23 即学即练 单句语法填空I suspect him(be)a pickpocket.I suspected the girl of(lie)to us.lyingto be返首页课时分层作业24
12、小片段填空 was the victims son.The police his father，because the neighbors reported having heard them fighting on the night of the killing.第一个嫌疑犯是死者的儿子。警察怀疑他谋杀了他的父亲，因为邻居们在案发当晚曾听到他们打架。suspected him of murderingThe first suspect返首页课时分层作业25(2)blame vt.把归咎于；责怪；指责n责备；指责例 1 They placed the blame on the doctor.
13、他们把责任归咎于医生。例 2 He tried to escape blame for what he had done.他试图不为自己的行为负责。翻译 看来水是罪魁祸首。It seemed that the water was to blame返首页课时分层作业26 知识拓展(1)be to blame(for sth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事(2)put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人take the blame
14、for sth.对某事承担责任返首页课时分层作业27 即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译If that happens，the coach will take the blame it.You are not(blame)I cant put the blame you.You shouldnt the failure.You shouldnt John.你们不应该把这次失败归咎于约翰。forto blameonblame John forblame the failure on返首页课时分层作业28 知识要点4 link n.联系；纽带vt.把连接起来；相关联(教材P3)Moreover，Sn
15、ow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.此外，斯诺后来还发现了其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同的供水公司之间的联系。返首页课时分层作业29 例 1 The two companies have linked.这两家公司已联合。例 2 The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.新的桥梁将把该岛与大陆连接在一起。翻译 那家新公司与几家较老的公司联合以保护自己。The new
16、 company in selfprotection.linked up with several older ones返首页课时分层作业30 知识拓展(1)link.to/with.将和联系或连接起来link up 连接；结合link up with.与联合；使与衔接(2)a link between A and BA与B之间的联系返首页课时分层作业31 即学即练 单句语法填空The new tunnel links Britain France.The two spacecraft will link up each other in orbit.The country (link)to
17、the town by a new bridge.to/withwithis linked返首页课时分层作业32 知识要点5 decrease n减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低(教材P3)Through Snows tireless efforts，water companies began to sell clean water，and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.在斯诺的不懈努力下，自来水公司开始出售干净的水，在世界范围内霍乱的威胁大幅减少。返首页课时
18、分层作业33 例 1 The decrease in sales was almost 20 percent.销售量差不多减少了 20%。例 2 His interest in this subject gradually decreases.他对这个科目的兴趣逐渐在减退。翻译 自从立法之后污染已经大大减少。There has been since the law was introduced.a sharp decrease in pollution返首页课时分层作业34 知识拓展(1)on the decrease 在减少中a decrease in.在方面减少(2)decrease to
19、.减少到decrease by.减少了decrease from.to.从减少到返首页课时分层作业35 即学即练 单句语法填空There is a decrease of nearly 7%the number of visitors to the museum.The accidents have decreased 20%since the measure has been taken.Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals is _ the decrease.inbyon返首页课时分层作业36 名师点津dec
20、rease的反义词increase的用法increase to 增加(长)到 increase by 增加(长)了 on the increase 在增加返首页课时分层作业37 知识要点6 thanks to 幸亏；由于(教材P3)Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow.幸运的是，由于约翰斯诺的工作，我们现在知道如何预防霍乱。返首页课时分层作业38 例 1 Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to
21、 rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。例 2 Thanks to his effort，it is more successful than we have expected.由于他的努力，(这件事)获得了比我们预期更大的成功。翻译 由于你的帮助我们成功了。_，we were successful.Thanks to your help返首页课时分层作业39 知识拓展because of 因为；由于as a result of 作为的结果；由于due to 因为；由于owing to 由于；因为的缘故返首页课时分层作业40
22、即学即练 单句语法填空As a result the bad weather，the football match was put off.The accident was due his careless driving.Owing your timely help，we finished the work ahead of time.oftoto返首页课时分层作业41 知识要点7 transform vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变(教材P3)Moreover，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow transformed the way sc
23、ientists study diseases.此外，斯诺利用地图和统计数据改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。返首页课时分层作业42 例 1 He seems to have been miraculously transformed into a first-class player.他似乎奇迹般地变成了一流的球员。例 2 Things cannot be transformed overnight.事情不可能在一夜之间改变。翻译 蒸汽机将热能转变成动力。A steam engine transforms heat into power返首页课时分层作业43 知识拓展(1)transform A
24、into B 把A变成Btransform sth.from A to B使从A变成B(2)transformation n.改变；改革返首页课时分层作业44 即学即练 单句语法填空We must work hard so as to transform China an advanced industrial country.A complete change of climate transformed the area from farmland a desert.We are living in a time of social (transform)intototransformat
25、ion返首页课时分层作业45 Sentence Patterns重点句式1“特殊疑问词不定式”结构(教材P2)As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera作为一名年轻的医生，约翰斯诺变得沮丧，因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱。句式分析：句中how to prevent or treat cholera为“特殊疑问词不定式”结构，作动词knew的宾语。返首页课时分层作业46 例 1 No one knew how to treat this dre
26、aded disease.没人知道如何治疗这种可怕的疾病。例 2 I dont quite know what to say in answer to your question.我不太清楚如何回答你的问题。翻译 想一想不同种类的交通工具的费用并决定怎么到那里。Think about the fare for different kinds of transport and decide _how to get there返首页课时分层作业47 知识拓展(1)常见的特殊疑问词：疑问代词who，what，which等和疑问副词how，when，where等。(2)语法功能：该结构相当于名词性从句
27、，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等(作主语时，谓语动词常用单数)。(3)通常用在tell，show，understand，explain，teach，learn，discuss等动词后面的特殊疑问代词与构成不定式的动词之间为动宾关系时，不定式通常用主动形式。返首页课时分层作业48 即学即练 句型转换 The teacher taught the students how they should do the experiment.The teacher taught the students The problem is where to put this computer.The pr
28、oblem is how to do the experimentwhere we should put this computer返首页课时分层作业49 I have no idea what I can say about this.I have no idea When we will start has not been decided.has not been decided.When to startwhat to say about this返首页课时分层作业50 重点句式2 so.that.引导结果状语从句(教材P2)He discovered that in two part
29、icular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱爆发非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。句式分析：句中so.that.意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。返首页课时分层作业51 例 1 He was so foolish that he accepted her invitation.他接受她的邀请真是太傻了。例 2 They walked so fast that I could not keep up with the
30、m.他们走得那么快，我没法跟上他们。翻译 这些大象是如此的聪明，它们可以回答一些数学问题。The elephants were they were able to answer some math questions.so clever that返首页课时分层作业52 知识拓展(1)soadj.或adv.adj.a（n）单数可数名词many/few复数可数名词much/little（少的）不可数名词that.(2)sucha（n）adj.单数可数名词adj.不可数名词adj.复数名词that.返首页课时分层作业53 即学即练 完成句子/句型转换It is Id like to see it a
31、 second time.这部电影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。She works we all respect her.她工作这么努力，我们都很敬佩她。so hard thatso good a film that返首页课时分层作业54 She is so lovely a girl that we all like her.She is we all like her.It is such a heavy box that I cant lift it.It is I cant lift it.so heavy a box thatsuch a lovely girl that返首页课时分层
32、作业55 名师点津(1)little 表示“少”时用 so 修饰，但表示“小”时用 such 修饰。There was so little time left that we must hurry.时间不多了，我们要快一点。They are such little children that they cant understand it.他们是这么小的孩子，他们不会理解的。返首页课时分层作业56(2)在“so.that.”和“such.that.”结构中，当“so/such.”置于句首时，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。So hot a day was it that they all went
33、swimming.Such a hot day was it that they all went swimming.天气这么热，他们都去游泳了。返首页课时分层作业57 1Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.分析 本句为复合句，until 引导时间状语从句，其中 how it could be overcome 为 how 引导的宾语从句。译文 霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之
34、一，直到英国医生约翰斯诺展示了如何战胜它。返首页课时分层作业58 2He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.分析 本句为复合句，动词 discovered 后是 that 引导的宾语从句，其中 so.that.引导结果状语从句。译文 他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱爆发非常严重，10天内就有 500 多人死亡。返首页课时分层作业59 教材高考 1.There were multiple de
35、aths near the water pump in Broad Street(especially house numbers 16，37，38，and 40)(2019 北 京 卷)In a world that warms up by 3，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.返首页课时分层作业60 2.Accordingly，he had the handleof the pump removed so that it could not be used.(2019浙江卷)Howe
36、ver，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call.3.Moreover，Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.(2019天津卷)Food webs may be dominated by many weak linksbecause that arrangement is more stable over the long ter
37、m.返首页课时分层作业61 4.Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow.(2019 浙 江 卷)Thanks to the Beatles，a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market.5.Moreover，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.(2019全国卷)O
38、nly at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.返首页课时分层作业62.单句语法填空1Ade and Brooks exchanged blows yesterday and they were(severe)punished today.2Many companies (subscribe)generously to the football club so far.3Only a third of these (household)thou
39、ght it reasonable to meter water.householdsseverelyhave subscribed返首页课时分层作业63 4I think he suspected us some improper purpose.5This information confirms me in the belief that he is(blame)6There are thirty (microscope)in our chemical laboratory.7They have gathered the best (statistic)they can find and
40、 run them through their own computers.statisticsofto blamemicroscopes返首页课时分层作业64 8The news is important that I must tell it to my friends.9A cheap table can (transform)by an interesting cover.10You should know when (stop)asking questions.to stopsobe transformed返首页课时分层作业65.短语填空take the blame for；than
41、ks to；once and for all；on the decrease；subscribe to；link up1 the spread of modern technology，trained workers are now more vital than ever.2The demand for tea is each year.3The two families through the marriage of their daughter and son.on the decreaseThanks tolinked up返首页课时分层作业66 4It is not a theory
42、 that is commonly 5Lets get this problem right 6The company was ready to what had happened.take the blame forsubscribed toonce and for all返首页课时分层作业67.课文语法填空Cholera used to be one of the most feared 1.(disease)in the world.When young，John Snow became 2.(frustrate)because no one knew how to prevent or
43、 treat cholera.He desired 3.(destroy)cholera once and for all.He thought cholera was caused by an 4.(infect)from germs in food or water.Consequently，when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854，Snow began to investigate by infectiondiseasesfrustratedto destroy返首页课时分层作业68 5.(mark)on a map the exact
44、 places where all those 6.died had lived.At last，John Snow found that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Through Snows tireless efforts，the threat of cholera around the world saw 7.substantial decrease.However，cholera is still a problem.Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks 8.the work of John Snow.Moreover，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow 9.(transform)the way scientists study diseases.For this reason，Snow 10.(consider)the father of modern epidemiology.is consideredmarkingwhoatotransformed返首页课时分层作业69 点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!