1、Unit 5Meeting your ancestors必备知识盘点夯基 BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_alternative_ n可能的选择adj供选择的；其他的2_regardless_ adv不管；不顾3_somehow_ adv以方式；不知怎么地4_skilful_adj有技巧的；熟练的5_arrest_ vt逮捕；吸引n逮捕；拘留6_delete_ vt删；删除7_dizzy_adj头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的8_album_n相册；集邮册；唱片9_applaud_vi& vt鼓掌欢迎；赞赏10_kind
2、ergarten_n幼儿园11_gay_adj快乐的；欢快的1During the summer vacation, I practiced dancing hard with others _regardless_ (不顾) of the hot weather2_Delete_ (删除) the things that you dont really need, so you can save a lot of resources3(2020江苏卷)Somehow(不知怎么地), the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat mistakenl
3、y held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water 4He _was arrested_(arrest) for spreading rumors on the Internet5The moment the famous singer finished singing, the audience stood up and _applauded_ (applaud) warmly6The new method was popular and many peasants became very _skilful_ (skill) at it拓展单词1
4、 _identify_ vt确认；识别；鉴别_identification_n辨认；鉴定_identity_ n身份；一致；同一性2_starvation_ n 挨饿；饿死_starve_ vi(使)挨饿；饿死3_accuracy_ n精确；准确_accurate_ adj准确的；精确的_accurately_adv准确地；精确地4_interrupt_ vt& vi打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止_interruption_ n打断；打岔；中止5_assume_ vt假定；设想_assuming_ conj假设_assumption_ n设想；假定；担任6 _sharpen_ vi& vt(使
5、)锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖_sharp_ adj锋利的_sharpener_ n磨具；削具；铅笔刀7_messy_ adj凌乱的；脏的_mess_ n凌乱；脏8_analysis_ n分析 _analyses_ (pl)_analyse_vt分析9_ripen_ vt& vi使成熟；成熟_ripe_ adj成熟的10_significance_ n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义_significant_ adj重要的11_botany_n植物学_botanical_ adj植物学的；与植物学有关的12_division_ n划分；分割；分配；分界线_divide_ v分开；分割；划分1While
6、calculating the maths problem, you should pay more attention to the _accuracy_ of the numbers, or you cant figure it out _accurately_ (accurate) 2 If you _interrupt_ others conversation abruptly, you will be to blame for your _interruption_ (interrupt) 3_Assuming_ that you are the guide of the forei
7、gners who are to visit our school, how would you prepare for your _assumption_ as the guide? (assume)4The boy needs a pencil _sharpener_ to _sharpen_ his pencil, because the _sharpener_ he has isnt _sharp_ (sharpen)5The kid made a _mess_ in the living room, so his mother asked him to clean out the _
8、messy_ living room quickly (mess)6With the teachers help, I _analysed_ the data of this experiment The teacher considered my _analysis_ reasonable (analyse) 7The scientists think his invention is of great_significance_，because it is _significant_ to cure the patients of deadly disease (significant)
9、8The candies were _divided_ out among all the kids, but they could not agree upon the _division_ of them (divide)联想积累：1“v-ing”形式的介词、连词小结assuming conj 假设；假定considering prep&conj 鉴于；考虑到including prep 包含；包括supposing conj 假设；假如providing conj 假设；如果concerning prep 关于2多种“选择”供你选pick v 挑选optional adj 可选择的cho
10、ice n 选择choose v 选择select v 挑选elect v 推举；选择alternative n 可能的选择3-cy名词后缀词速记accuracy 准确；精确efficiency 效率；效能fluency 流畅；流利emergency 紧急情况tendency 倾向；趋势agency 代理；中介currency 货币；通货短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1_regardless of_不管；不顾2_at most_至多；最多3_keep out _不准进入4_(be) fed up with_受够了；饱受；厌烦5_look ahead_向前看；为将来打算6_date back (t
11、o)_追溯到；始于7_with relief_ 如释重负8_cut up_切碎9_take turns to do sth_轮流做某事10_cant/couldnt help doing sth _禁不住做某事语境运用1The librarian told us that we could borrow _at most_ three books at a time2Whenever we are in trouble, we must _look ahead_ and encourage ourselves3I believe everyone，_regardless of_ age or
12、background, can come up with new ideas and excellent insights 4To make the soup, you should first _cut up_ some carrots and beef into small pieces and then put them into the pot5For example, when you _are fed up with_ all the people sometimes, it is better for you to find a quiet place, listening to
13、 some classical music6Having finished all the housework, Mary dropped herself into the sofa, sighing _with relief _句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1If only it could be just like last year!要是能像去年那样该多好呀！此句用了虚拟语气，if only意为“要是就好了”。1今年春节全家能团圆就好了！_If only_ the whole family _could be united_ during the Spring Festival t
14、his year!2Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。 only to do sth“不料；结果”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。2(全国卷，书面表达)我本打算和你一起去书店的，结果却被告知必须参加一个会议。I had planned to go to the bookstore with you, _only to be told_ that I had to attend a meetin
15、g3She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来，不往前走了。had just done sth when刚做某事这时3他刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。He _had just gone to bed when_ the telephone rang核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1alternative adj供选择的；其他的n可能的选择；选择对
16、象词汇拓展alternatively adv 可供选择地；或者用法归纳have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事have the alternative of doing sth有做某事的选择theres no alternative别无选择alternative energy 可替代能源温馨提示“别无选择只好做”的其他表达形式有：have no choice but to do sthcant do sthbut do sthcan do nothing but do sth层级训练夯基单句语法填空。As far as Im concerned, t
17、here is no alternative but _to adopt_ (adopt) alternative plansThe Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to _communicating_ (communicate) with others (牛津词典)You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two _alternatives_(alternative)提能句式升级。Failure is the mother of s
18、uccess Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from itFailure is the mother of success Sometimes, in order to succeed，we have no _alternative_ but to face failure bravely and learn from it2interrupt vt& vi打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止词汇拓展interruption n 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物用
19、法归纳(1)interrupt(with sth) (因某事)打断(2)without interruption 连续地；不断地层级训练夯基单句语法填空。He was writing a poem when he _was interrupted_ (interrupt) by a knock at the door(全国卷)_Interruptions_(interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done 提能单句写作。(2018北京卷书面表达)To help them
20、 better understand our tea-drinking culture, we took them to the tea room in our school, _where I introduced the history of tea-making to them for several hours without interruption_为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学校的茶室。在那里，我连续几小时不间断地向他们介绍了泡茶的历史。3assume vt假定；设想词汇拓展assumption n假定；假设用法归纳(1)assume sb/sth t
21、o be 假定/假设某人/某事为assume that 假设；认为It is/was generally assumed that 普遍认为(2)assumption n 假定，假设，设想on the assumption that 假定，假设assuming(that) 假定(作状语)层级训练夯基单句语法填空。It is wrong _to assume_ (assume) arts groups cannot make a profit It is assumed _that_ global warming and climate change could cause even more
22、disasters in the future_Assuming_ (assume) you are right，well make a great deal of money from the project A lot of people make the _assumption_ (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world 提能一句多译。要是我当选为北京冬奥会的志愿者，我将全心全意为人民服务。_If I am chosen to be a volunteer_ at Beijing Winter Olympic Games,
23、I will serve the people heart and soul (if)_Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer_ at Beijing Winter Olympic Games，I will serve the people heart and soul (assume)4regardless of不管；不顾词汇拓展(1)regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)(2)despitein spite of 尽管；不管；虽然(后常接名词，不接从句)(3)with regard to 关于；至于层级训练夯基单句语法
24、填空/补全句子。They should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless _of_ whether someone gets the password right You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless _of_ other peoples feelings (2018全国卷书面表达)_Despite/In spite of the rain_ (尽管下雨)，we can still take part in physical act
25、ivities in the stadium提能单句写作。(江苏卷书面表达)In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, _regardless of time and space_除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。5be fed up with 对厌倦；受够了归纳拓展(1)be tired of 对感到厌烦be bored with 对厌倦了have enough of 对受够了/厌倦了(2)feed on以为食feedwith/on用喂；供给，提供feed食
26、物to用某物喂养层级训练夯基单句语法填空。Please feed some grass_to_the cowPandas feed_on_bamboo leavesHe is busy feeding the computer_with_new data_Fed_(feed) up with his lies, she wont believe in him any longer提能同义句改写。Tom was fed up with being teased about his baldness, so he decided to revenge those who played tricks
27、 on him(用过去分词短语作状语改写)_Fed up with being teased about his baldness，Tom decided to revenge those who played tricks on him_6date back to(date from) 追溯到；始于归纳拓展up to date 时髦的out of date 过时的温馨提示date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态，无被动语态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。As far as I know, the old town _dates_ (date) b
28、ack to the late seventeenth century_Dating_ (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun cityEveryone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up _to_ date with modern technology提能一句多译。(2018北京卷书面表达)中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多年前。Chinese
29、 tea-drinking culture has a long history which _dates from/back to more than 1,000 years ago_(定语从句)Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history _dating from/back to more than 1,000 years ago_(分词作定语)7If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！句中if only意为“要是就好了”，用
30、来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。归纳拓展(1)if onlyhad done表示对与过去事实相反的愿望(2)if onlydid表示对与现在事实相反的愿望(3)if onlycould/would/might do表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)温馨提示(1)only if只有，引导真实条件句(置于句首，主句倒装)。(2)if it were not for/if it had not been for要不是；如果没有层级训练夯基单句语法填空。If only we _had made_ (make) full use of time to make good preparatio
31、ns for the test Constant quarrels between my parents are driving me crazy If only I _had_ (have) a warm and harmonious familyIf only we all _would do_ (do) a good job in the coming college entrance examination提能单句写作。_If only I would live in a world_ free of air pollution我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。 8Abrup
32、tly, she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。该句中的不定式only to be scooped up在句中作状语，表结果。归纳拓展only to do不料做，反而做，结果却做，是动词不定式作结果状语。表示意料不到的情况，且多为不愉快的结果，有时前面也可不加only；而现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。I hurried to the post office, only _to fin
33、d_(find) it closedThe librarians actively collected the books of the world, _accelerating_(accelerate) the spread of knowledge(2020江苏卷)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing(allow) for a new generation of virtual reality提能单句写作。He made full preparations for the interview, _only to be told it
34、was cancelled_他为面试做了充分的准备，却被告知面试取消了。高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1(2020新高考卷)Historical accuracy (accurate) is important but so is entertainment 2Our club is open to everyone regardless_of_ age, sex or educational background3Since the time humankind started gardening, we _have bee
35、n trying_(try) to make our environment more beautiful4The church, _dating_(date) from the 14th century, is still well preserved5It was not until he saw his mom _that_ the little child stopped crying6I turned to the beggar-looking man next to me, only _to find_(find) that he was my ex-husband(前夫)7As
36、a result of the hurricane, three-fourths of the cabins in the fishing village need _repairing_(repair)8The reason why George is looking for another job is that hes fed up _with_ his managers complaints9The Town Hall, _completed_(complete) in the 1880s, was the most distinguished building at that tim
37、e10She showed special concern for the college students and attached much significance to _educating_ (educate) them单句改错1Assumed that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a good harvest_AssumedAssuming_2Thank you for allowing me to describe the situation, where I had no alternative but give up
38、 the plan_but后加to_3The audience evidently liked the play because they applauded two minutes at the end_applauded后加for_4Im very sorry to interrupt with you, but I have something very important to tell you_去掉with_5Our government tried hard to improve our living conditions by acceleration the rate of e
39、conomic growth_accelerationaccelerating_6Despite the rain, but we can still take part in physical activities in the stadium_去掉but_单句写作1如果你想脱颖而出，除了努力工作别无选择。(alternative)_There is no alternative but to work hard if you want to stand out_2人们普遍认为压力是由工作太多导致的。(assume)_It is generally assumed that stress i
40、s caused by too much work_3上海已经加速了成为世界级旅游胜地的步伐。(accelerate)_Shanghai has accelerated the pace of becoming a worldclass tourist destination_4他们匆忙赶到教室，却发现所有学生都离开了。(only to do)_They hurried to the classroom，only to find that all the students had left_5要是我没有放弃那次进一步学习的机会就好了！(if only)_If only I hadnt give
41、n up the chance to study further！_语篇填空 A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit _1An_ archaeologist is showing them around The archaeologists have been excavating here for many years After _2finding_ (find) human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hil
42、l as well as tools and other objects, they think it is _3reasonable_ (reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived these caves, regardless _4of_ the cold They also discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves _5where_ they made fires That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and sca
43、red wild beasts away as well Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes _6made_ (make) from animal skins They even used sharpened stone tools _7to cut_ (cut) up animals and remove their skin The archaeologist also _8shows_ (show) the students a primitive necklace preserved quite well
44、 Indeed, as the botanical analyses have _9specially_ (special) shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they traveled to the seaside on _10their_ (they) journeys话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文 假设你是李华，你所在班级对是否应该耗费精力和时间考古进行了辩
45、论。你写信给你的好友Jack介绍此次辩论，内容如下：辩论内容和你的观点；考古的贡献和意义。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)我写信告诉你我班对是否应该耗费精力和时间考古进行的辩论。Im writing to _share with you the debate_ about whether time and energy _should be spent on archaeological work_我赞成研究古代文明的这一观点。_I applaud for the view that_ we should do research on the ancient civilizatio
46、n 众所周知，古人利用石器制作工具和钻木取火产生了今天的文明。As is known，_the ancient peoples using stones to make tools and drilling woods to make fire bring about todays civilization_有许多令人惊异的发明源自古代。There are many amazing inventions _that date back to the ancient times_要是我们能查明他们如何形成的就好了，这对现在的生活意义重大。_If only we could find out ho
47、w they came into being _ and it will _be of great significance to_ todays life升级平淡句1利用强调句式升级句_As is known，it is the ancient peoples using stones to make tools and drilling woods to make fire that bring about todays civilization_2利用非限制性定语从句升级句_If only we could find out how they came into being，which
48、will be of great significance to todays life_衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：personally，first of all，more importantly等)_Dear Jack，_Im writing to share with you the debate about whether time and energy should be spent on archaeological work Personally, I applaud for the view that we should do research on the an
49、cient civilization First of all, as is known, it is the ancient peoples using stones to make tools and drilling woods to make fire that bring about todays civilization More importantly, there are many amazing inventions that date back to the ancient times If only we could find out how they came into being, which will be of great significance to todays life_ _ Yours，_ _Li Hua_